Planung und Vergabe von IT-Projekten — eine Aufgabe zwischen Computerarchitektur und Vergaberecht

The requirements of public procurement law result in specific limitations for the technical planning process and for the optimization of IT systems. This paper offers an overview of the planning and procurement process and the resulting advantages and challenges for technical optimization under the procurement law requirements.     

Elektronen zur Signalverstärkung: Die Pionierarbeiten im Laboratorium „Lieben — Reisz — Strauss“ in Wien 1905–1913

Besides the X-ray tube (Gustav Röntgen, 1895) and the cathode ray tube (Ferdinand Braun, 1897), the electronic tube for the amplification of signals (Robert von Lieben, 1906; Lee de Forest, 1906) has been one of the most important inventions in the field of information and engineering. This invention started around the year 1900 the “age of electronics”. This paper discusses the pioneering work in the development of the electronic tube as done by Robert von Lieben, Eugen Reisz and Siegmund Strauss in the years 1905–1913 at their laboratory in Vienna. This is supported by new facts which can be drawn from recently discovered letters from the legacy of Richard Leiser who served as a consultant to Robert von Lieben in the early years. The results of their research led to the development of the LRS-relays, the so called “Lieben Tube”, in Germany. We compare the work of the Lieben-team with the inventions of Lee de Forest. Finally, a short discussion of the development of the vacuum tube in USA (Arnold, Langmuir) and Germany (Rukop, Pirani) is given.