On a direct algorithm for the generation of log-normal pseudo-random numbers

The random variable \(\left( {\prod {_{i = 1}^n {{X_i } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{X_i } {X_{i + n} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {X_{i + n} }}} } \right)^{{1 \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {1 {\sqrt {2n} }}} \right. \kern-0em} {\sqrt {2n} }}}\) is used to generate standard log-normal variables Λ(0, 1), where theX _i are independent uniform variables on [0, 1].     

Polynomoperatoren in C k [a,b]

Some estimations for the relative projection constantP(∏ _n+k ^k ,Csik[a,b]) are given. By constructing an associated polynomial operatorL _n :C ⁰[a,b]→∏ _n ⁰ to a given polynomial operatorH _n+k :C ^k [a,b]→∏ _n+k ^k we get a lower bound for the projection constant. An upper bound forP(∏ _n+k ^k ,C ^k [a,b]) is obtained by the determination of the norms of appropriate polynomial operatorsP _n+k :C ^k [a,b]→∏ _n+k ^k . Further we give a convergence property for the sequence (P _n+k ) _n∈?.     

恒速成长公司股票投资价值的经济弹性分析

对恒速成长公司股票的投资价值进行了弹性分析。结果表明,恒速成长公司投资价值的利率与业绩弹性既敏感地依赖于公司的成长速度和利率水平等内外部因素,也是刻画股票某种投机价值的恰当指标。     

Physical limitation of the cascoded snapback NMOS ESD protection capability due to the non-uniform turn-off

The nonlinear effects and physical failure mechanism in over-voltage protection NMOS snapback structures during ESD operation have been analyzed with the use of experimental test structures as well as process and device simulations. A phenomenological explanation has been provided to account for the effect due to substrate type and the use of a so-called ESD implant. A generic design solution for the cascoded snapback NMOS structure suitable for 5-V tolerant I/O applications is proposed, one that delivers robust operation and eliminates the requirement for an additional ESD implant.     

Einleitung und Abbruch der künstlichen Ernährung beim einwilligungsunfähigen Patienten

Definition of the problem: In Austria the legal discussion on initiating and withdrawing artificial nutrition in incompetent patients has just begun. Arguments and conclusion: Legal regulations are lacking, but there appears to be agreement on accepting advance directives under specific criteria. This would mean that a presumed will and documented refusal of treatment and nutrition has to be respected by physicians. However, there is no consensus with regard to the “supposed will” of an incompetent patient to refuse treatment and nutrition. At present, surrogate decision making with regard to refusing life-sustaining treatment or nutrition is only accepted according to a declared and documented directive of the patient himself. When the patient’s will has to be “surmised” the protection of life has priority. In Austria this concept is based on the national constitution and its duty to protect life.     

会计职业道德对提高会计信息质量的影响

会计信息质量与环境、会计系统等诸多因素有关,同时会计职业道德也是一个非常重要的因素。它作为一种引导和制约会计行为的社会规范,与会计信息的质量息息相关。我国会计信息质量的现状不容乐观,重整我国会计职业道德,将对我国会计信息质量的提高起到积极的推动作用。文中分析了会计职业道德的特征和现状,提出了重整会计职业道德的几点思考.     

Aluminium and silicon base coatings for high temperature alloys—Process development and comparison of properties

The paper is concerned with systematic studies on the formation of overlay coatings on nickel and iron base superalloys to improve their resistance against high temperature oxidation and hot corrosion. In contrast to the simpler case of aluminizing nickel base alloys, the problems arising in aluminizing iron base superalloys and in siliconizing nickel base alloys have not yet been solved.A new and economical coating procedure is presented, which involves a reaction sintering process of unalloyed powder mixtures to obtain overlay coatings. The influence of the compositions of the layer and the substrate on the chemical compatibility of the whole layer composite is described in detail. It is shown that overlay coatings containing high concentrations of silicon can only be applied on nickel base superalloys if elements that are able spontaneously to form reaction barriers are present within the substrate alloy (e.g. aluminium) or in the as-preformed interlayer. Refractory metals have proved to be the most advantageous.To obtain a ductile coating, silicon-rich donor phases in the form of isolated precipitates were incorporated into a matrix containing low concentrations of silicon. These coating systems can also be applied to improve the aluminization of iron base alloys. The high temperature oxidation and corrosion behaviours of the coated samples were tested in burner gas or air at 1000°C and in molten salts at 900°C.     

The Mechanisms of Thin Filament Assembly and Length Regulation in Muscles

The actin containing tropomyosin and troponin decorated thin filaments form one of the crucial components of the contractile apparatus in muscles. The thin filaments are organized into densely packed lattices interdigitated with myosin-based thick filaments. The crossbridge interactions between these myofilaments drive muscle contraction, and the degree of myofilament overlap is a key factor of contractile force determination. As such, the optimal length of the thin filaments is critical for efficient activity, therefore, this parameter is precisely controlled according to the workload of a given muscle. Thin filament length is thought to be regulated by two major, but only partially understood mechanisms: it is set by (i) factors that mediate the assembly of filaments from monomers and catalyze their elongation, and (ii) by factors that specify their length and uniformity. Mutations affecting these factors can alter the length of thin filaments, and in human cases, many of them are linked to debilitating diseases such as nemaline myopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy.     

Long COVID: Association of Functional Autoantibodies against G-Protein-Coupled Receptors with an Impaired Retinal Microcirculation

Long COVID (LC) describes the clinical phenotype of symptoms after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diagnostic and therapeutic options are limited, as the pathomechanism of LC is elusive. As the number of acute SARS-CoV-2 infections was and is large, LC will be a challenge for the healthcare system. Previous studies revealed an impaired blood flow, the formation of microclots, and autoimmune mechanisms as potential factors in this complex interplay. Since functionally active autoantibodies against G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR-AAbs) were observed in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, this study aimed to correlate the appearance of GPCR-AAbs with capillary microcirculation. The seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs was measured by an established cardiomyocyte bioassay in 42 patients with LC and 6 controls. Retinal microcirculation was measured by OCT–angiography and quantified as macula and peripapillary vessel density (VD) by the Erlangen-Angio Tool. A statistical analysis yielded impaired VD in patients with LC compared to the controls, which was accentuated in female persons. A significant decrease in macula and peripapillary VD for AAbs targeting adrenergic β2-receptor, MAS-receptor angiotensin-II-type-1 receptor, and adrenergic α1-receptor were observed. The present study might suggest that a seropositivity of GPCR-AAbs can be linked to an impaired retinal capillary microcirculation, potentially mirroring the systemic microcirculation with consecutive clinical symptoms.