井漏失返条件下的吊灌作业安全时间计算方法

"吊灌"作业是在井漏失返条件下保持井内压力动态平衡、获得安全作业时间的重要措施。但在实施吊灌作业时,由于反映井筒内环空液面变化规律的动态数模分析方法缺失,不能为工程实践提供吊灌的合理依据,使其基本处于"盲吊"状态。为此,笔者根据"吊灌"技术实际工况,首次采用井筒漏失动态分析方法,建立起吊灌安全作业时间数学模型,给出了多种漏失速率的积分结果,并结合现场实例对计算结果进行了验证。结果表明:(1)利用计算实例对数学模型的可靠性进行检验,计算结果与实际数据高度吻合;(2)适当增加吊灌量可以增加安全作业时间;(3)适当减少吊灌钻井液密度也可以增加安全作业时间。结论认为:该成果可以从根本上解决"吊灌"技术的安全作业时间准确计算问题,对于规避井漏失返条件下的井控安全风险、实现"吊灌"技术优化、降低工程费用等都具有重要意义。     

Global Robust Sliding Mode Control for Time-Delay Systems with Mismatched Uncertainties

A novel robust sliding mode control method for time-delay systems with mismatched uncertainties is presented, taking into consideration of both the norm-bounded mismatched uncertainties in the input matrix and the unknown input disturbance. First of all, an original time-delay system is changed into a new form without time delay via a nonsingular transformation, based on which, an integral sliding mode controller is then designed in the form of linear matrix inequalities, to guarantee the existence of the sliding motion from the initial time. In order to estimate the upper bound of unknown input disturbance, a new adaptive law is also proposed. Finally, a numerical simulation case is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

全相位-混合基FFT在相量测量装置中的实现

传统的傅里叶变换在测量非整周期的数据时会出现频谱泄露的现象,而快速傅里叶变换(FFT)只能对长度为2的整次幂(基-2)的数据进行处理,无法对非基-2的其他数据计算。为了解决以上问题,提出了一种全相位-混合基FFT算法。并详细介绍了全相位FFT、混合基FFT的原理以及全相位-混合基FFT在DSP中的实现过程。通过测试表明全相位-混合基FFT在电压、频率的测量精度较传统FFT有一定优势。将该算法应用到以DSP为核心的相量测量装置当中,对电网的状态进行实时监测,实测结果证明该算法准确可靠,在电力系统运行当中有一定实用价值。     

22SiMn2TiB钢淬火与回火过程中的组织演变

以超高强度钢 22SiMn2TiB 为对象,研究了在淬火、回火和配分状态下组织的演变规律.采用光学金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和 X 射线衍射技术(XRD)研究了不同处理状态下组织的演变规律.实验表明,回火或配分温度低于 320 ℃,板条马氏体组织形貌没有明显变化,且不随回火和配分时间的变化而变化;在此温度以上进行配分,不论配分时间的长短,组织皆转变为回火组织.表明 320 ℃为该钢材的临界回火、配分温度.随着回火温度的升高,位错密度下降;且 320 ℃以下温度回火或配分,马氏体衍射峰的半峰宽 FWHM 只是略有减少,表明虽然板条马氏体的组织形貌没有明显变化,但板条内的位错密度和内应力降低.     

Photochromic diarylethene for polarization holographic optical recording

Photochromic diarylethene, 1,2-bis[2-methyl-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-thienyl] perfluorocylcopentene (1a), was synthesized. The compound showed good photochromic reactions both in solution and in PMMA matrix by photo-irradiation. Using the diarylethene 1b/PMMA film as recording medium and a He-Ne laser for recording and readout, four types of polarization holographic optical recording were accomplished for the first time. The results show that the orthogonal circular polarization recording is the best method for holographic optical recording when the target photochromic diarylethene is used as recording material.     

Feasibility investigation of oily wastewater treatment by combination of zinc and PAM in coagulation/flocculation

Poly-zinc silicate (PZSS) is a new type of coagulant with cationic polymer synthesized by polysilicic acid and zinc sulfate. It has been used in several sorts of wastewaters treatment, but not used in oily wastewater treatment. In this study, we investigated the coagulation/flocculation of oil and suspended solids in heavy oil wastewater (HOW) by PZSS and anion polyacrylamide (A-PAM). The properties of PZSS cooperated with A-PAM were compared with PAC and PFS in dosages, PAMs amount, settling time, pH value and flocs morphology. The results showed that PZSS was more efficient than PAC and PFS. Under the optimum experimental conditions of coagulation/flocculation (dosage: 100mg/L, A-PAM dosage: 1.0mg/L, settling time time: 40min and pH 6.5-9.5), more than 99% of oil was removed and suspended solid value less than 5mg/L by using PZSS cooperated with A-PAM, which could satisfy the demands of the pre-treatment process for HOW to be reused in the steam boiler or recycled into the injecting well.     

一种基于基础矩阵的摄像机自标定技术

为了解决传统摄像机标定技术的精确度差和使用不方便而提出了一种新的摄像机标定算法．该方法从基础矩阵方程出发,推导出摄像机5个内参数的求解方程,并根据测量得到的沿x轴和沿z轴的平移量ty、tz,计算出摄像机的5个内参数．经大量的仿真实验,该方法具有很高的精确度．     

可编程序控制器在流量标定装置中应用的关键技术

阐述在流量标定装置中应用可编程控制器的关键技术,即系统设计、软件结构及程序设计中一些重要环节的处理.     

智能热值测量系统测控软件的容错设计

热值测量具有重要意义。因此,智能热值测量系统的研制是很有必要的。本文介绍智能热值测量系统中测控软件的容错设计,从而提高了系统的容错性。     

多元混合燃料分散爆轰研究

在多元混合燃料分散爆轰设计基础上进行了相关实验研究,燃料在分散与爆轰的协调作用下完成了动态混合的多相爆轰过程;其爆炸场的状态不同于高能炸药爆炸后的单调衰减,有一个由衰减到增强的成长过程;通过燃料在不同爆炸气体中爆轰的对比实验表明,燃料在爆轰与分散的同时,环境中的氧参与反应,相对于燃料自身完成的爆轰,具有“超释能”效果。