Optimal Size of Auxiliary Storage Reservoir for Rain Water Harvesting and Better Crop Planning in a Minor Irrigation Project

The scope and feasibility of auxiliary storage reservoir in the outlet command of a flow based minor irrigation project was studied to overcome the inadequate irrigation water availability during the dry season. A multi objective optimization model was developed to determine the optimal size of auxiliary storage reservoir and optimal cropping pattern. Assuming that about 50% main reservoir capacity water will be available for irrigating dry season crops and fixing the first priority level of the objective function as maximization of net seasonal benefit and maximization of cropped area, the optimal surface area for auxiliary storage reservoir as the percentage of the command area was obtained as 17.40% and 10.92%, respectively. The performance of the minor irrigation project significantly increased due to provision of auxiliary storage reservoir. The economic analysis also revealed that the intervention is economically viable.     

Optimizing channel capacity in a MIMO–PSK wireless rayleigh fading channel

Due to the continual advancement of future generation communication systems, channel capacity is considered to be an important parameter for achieving greater signal strength by means of faster data transmission speed. Usually in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, the diversity technique lessens the propagation speed significantly than the channel capacity. Using MIMO in combination with phase shift keying (PSK) modulation jointly known as MIMO–PSK systems, the present paper focuses on a novel distribution method in order to optimize the channel capacity over a Rayleigh fading channel. First, ergodic channel capacity and distribution capacity in terms of outage capacity is simulated for different MIMO–PSK configurations as well as channel conditions. Later, the channel performance of MIMO–PSK for the novel distribution conditions with antenna correlation effect is evaluated and finally the optimal channel capacity is determined.

     

Hybrid Algorithm to Detect DDoS Attacks in VANETs

Wireless Personal Communications - Security and safety are fundamental issues in any wireless network. The problem becomes serious when the specified network is Vehicular Adhoc Network (VANET)....     

Behavior of Concrete Beams Strengthened in Shear with Carbon-Fiber Sheets

This paper presents the results of a test program for shear strengthening characteristics of continuous unidirectional flexible carbon-fiber polymer sheets bonded to reinforced concrete (RC) beams. A total of eight 150?mm×200?mm×2,600?mm concrete beams were tested. Various sheet configurations and layouts were studied to determine their effects on ultimate shear strength of the beams. From the tests, it was found that the externally adhesive bonded flexible carbon-fiber sheets are effective in strengthening RC beams in shear. Further, it was observed that the strength increases with the number of sheet layers and the depth of sheets across the beam section. Among the various schemes of wrapping studied, vertical U-wrap of sheet provided the most effective strengthening for concrete beam. Beam strengthened using this scheme showed 119% increase in shear capacity as compared to the control beam without any strengthening. Two prediction models available in literature for computing the shear contribution of carbon-fiber tow sheets to the shear capacity of fiber reinforced polymers bonded beams were compared with the experimental results.     

Incidence of primary bone tumours and tumour like lesions in and around Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka

A total of 523 cases of primary bone tumours and tumour like lesions in and around Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka were diagnosed over a period of 36 years. About 39% of these tumours were malignant and the remaining benign. Among the malignant tumours the highest incidence was of osteosarcoma (45.7%) followed by Ewing's sarcoma (19.4%). Osteochondroma was the most frequent in the benign tumour category (30.3%). Peak incidence of tumour was in the 2nd and 3rd decade of life with a male preponderance. The most commonly affected bones were femur, tibia and humerus in that order. Results indicate a significantly higher incidence of primary bone tumours in this part of India.     

Performance Analysis of Transmission Rate and Decoding Rate Using Minimum Energy Channel Codes for Nanoscale Wireless Communication

Wireless Personal Communications - An energy efficient communication system is required for the improvement of nanoscale wireless communication. In this paper, we defined minimum energy coding...     

Antihyperlipidemic effect of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) protein isolate in rats fed a normal and high cholesterol diet

The dietary influence of sesame protein isolate (protein content 91.5%), produced from dehulled, defatted sesame meal, on blood and tissue lipid profile and lipid peroxidation has been assessed in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats. To evaluate their hypocholesterolemic and antioxidative activity in vivo, we fed 18% sesame protein isolate with or without 2% cholesterol in comparison with casein to rats for 28 d. We determined plasma total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triacylglycerol as well as susceptibility of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid to oxidation ex vivo. Liver tissue lipid, cholesterol, phospholipids, and lipid peroxidations were also determined. The total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels were significantly reduced in the sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group than the corresponding control casein groups. HDL-cholesterol level was also increased in sesame protein isolate (41%) and protein isolate containing cholesterol group (38%) than the corresponding control casein and casein containing cholesterol groups. There was 49% and 64% lowering of plasma lipid peroxidation as well as 36% and 56% lowering of lipoprotein oxidation susceptibility (LOS) in the 2 experimental groups (sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol group) than the corresponding control (casein and casein containing cholesterol) groups. There was significant lowering of erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (68% and 63% lowering in sesame protein isolate and isolate containing cholesterol groups) and liver lipid peroxidation (61% and 76% lowering in the 2 experimental groups than the corresponding control casein groups). Therefore, our results indicate that sesame protein isolate decreases cholesterol concentration in plasma, increases HDL-cholesterol, and also decreases plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation with or without cholesterol fed diet in rats.     

Photoconductivity effects of nitrogenated carbonaceous films grown on various types of substrates by surface wave microwave plasma CVD

The n-type conductivity nitrogen-doped amorphous carbon (n-C) films have been grown by surface wave microwave chemical vapor deposition (SWP-CVD) on plastic and quartz substrates. The bonding, electrical and photovoltaic properties have been studied. The Tauc plot of UV–visible measurement has shown that n-C films deposited on plastic have smaller optical band gaps compared with the films grown on quartz substrate using the same parameters. Temperature dependence and photoresponse measurements have also shown that the n-C thin films deposited on plastic have higher photoelectrical response. Our experimental results have shown that flexible polytetrafluoroethene plastic substrate is a reliable candidate for future photovoltaic applications.