Diurnal thermal cycling effects on microwave signatures of thin seaice

To investigate effects of diurnal thermal cycles on C-band polarimetric backscatter and millimeter-wave emission from sea ice, the authors carried out a winter experiment at the outdoor geophysical research facility (GRF) in the cold regions research and engineering laboratory (CRREL), the ice sheet grew from open sea water to a thickness of 10 cm in 2.5 days, during which they took polarimetric backscatter data with a C-band scatterometer, interlaced with brightness temperature measurements at 90 GHz in conjunction with meteorological and sea ice characterizations. The initial ice growth in the late morning was slow due to high insolation. As the air temperature dropped during the night, the growth rate increased significantly. Air temperature changed drastically from about -12 to -36°C between day and night, the diurnal thermal cycle repeated itself the next day and the growth rate varied in the same manner. Ice temperature profiles clearly show the diurnal response in the ice sheet with a lag of 2.5 h behind the time of the maximum short-wave incident solar radiation. The diurnal cycles are also evident in the millimeter-wave brightness temperature data, measured sea ice backscatter revealed substantial diurnal variations up to 6 dB with repeatable cycles in synchronization with the temperature cycles and the brightness temperature modulations, the diurnal cycles in backscatter indicate that the dominant scattering mechanism related to thermodynamic processes in sea ice is reversible, a diurnal backscatter model based on sea ice electrodynamics and thermodynamics explains the observed diurnal signature. This work shows that diurnal effects are important for inversion algorithms to retrieve sea ice geophysical parameters from remote sensing data acquired with a satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) or scatterometer on Sun-synchronous orbits     

基于空间矩的灰度边缘亚像元度量精度分析

灰度图像中边缘定位受采样密度限制，亚像元精度度量方法在需要高精度的应用中受到重视，要想知识到底需要多高的分辨率才能达到定精度指标，就有必要分析特征定位方法的最坏情况的精度，文中用分析和实验的方法给出了基于空间矩的边缘定位方法，对于边缘点，边缘直线以及直边缘区域的最坏情况定位精度分析。分析和讨论的结果不但可以用来确定已知形状位置估计的最大误差，而且还可用于对准的形状几何参数，以获得较高的精度。     

Chopper stabilised ΠΔΣ analogue to digitalconversion

A chopper stabilised ΠΔΣ ADC architecture is proposed. A chopper stabilised version of ΠΔΣ ADC, which has identical performances to the regular ΠΔΣ ADC but is immune to low frequency noises such as DC offsets, can be obtained without adding hardware complexities     

二聚酸甲酯的合成研究

研究了以自制的脂肪酸甲酯为原料、几种不同催化剂催化合成二聚酸甲酯的反应。结果表明,用活性自土作催化剂,用量（质量分数）为脂肪酸甲酯的10％,反应温度240℃,反应时间6h的条件下,二聚酸甲酯的收率可达到39％。此工艺为二聚酸甲酯的合成提供了一条新的路线。     

复合絮凝剂聚合氯化铝铁的制备及其对黄河水的絮凝作用

以摩尔浓度均为1 mol/L的AlCl3和FeCl3溶液为原料,在混合溶液中滴加NaOH溶液,聚合4 h,可制备聚合氯化铝铁(PAFC)。结果表明,经傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,证实PAFC中存在以羟基桥连的铁和铝的聚合物;将PAFC加入到500 mL黄河水中,在Al3 /Fe3 摩尔比为9∶2,碱化度为2.0,PAFC加入量为6 mg/L,黄河水pH值为6的条件下,浊度去除率达到99%以上;在黄河水中分别加入6 mg/L不同的絮凝剂,试样中絮状物沉降速率由快到慢依次为:PAFC,聚合氯化铝,FeCl3,FeSO4,AlCl3;浊度去除率依次为:99.3%,90.5%,79.6%,66.2%,54.7%。     

Silicon thin films prepared in the transition region and their use in solar cells

Diphasic silicon films (nc-Si/a-Si:H) have been prepared by a new regime of plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition in the region adjacent of phase transition from amorphous to microcrystalline state. Comparing to the conventional amorphous silicon (a-Si:H), the nc-Si/a-Si:H has higher photoconductivity (σ_ph), better stability, and a broader light spectral response range in the longer wavelength range. It can be found from Raman spectra that there is a notable improvement in the medium range order. The blue shift for the stretching mode and red shift for the wagging mode in the IR spectra also show the variation of the microstructure. By using this kind of film as intrinsic layer, a p–i–n junction solar cell was prepared with the initial efficiency of 8.51% and a stabilized efficiency of 8.01% (AM1.5, 100 mw/cm²) at room temperature.     

沼气发电机组的开发利用

沼气机组发电符合当今发展循环经济,节约能源的时代要求,也会对缓解国内区域性能源紧张发挥重要作用.本文介绍了当前我国沼气生产、利用的现状,阐明了沼气的组成及其燃烧特性,论述了沼气发电机组的结构原理及其创新技术.     

AUTOCAD在电机设计中的应用

本文结合电机设计的特点,对AUTOCAD绘图软件包进行了专用化处理,使之可直接应用于工程实际。     

Side-Channel Information Characterisation Based on Cascade-Forward Back-Propagation Neural Network

Traditional cryptanalysis assumes that an adversary only has access to input and output pairs, but has no knowledge about internal states of the device. However, the advent of side-channel analysis showed that a cryptographic device can leak critical information. In this circumstance, Machine learning is known as a powerful and promising method of analysing of side-channel information. In this paper, an experimental investigation on a FPGA implementation of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) was conducted to explore the efficiency of side-channel information characterisation based on machine learning techniques. In this work, machine learning is used in terms of principal component analysis (PCA) for the preprocessing stage and a Cascade-Forward Back-Propagation Neural Network (CFBP) as a multi-class classifier. The experimental results show that CFBP can be a promising approach in characterisation of side-channel information.     

基于表面势的HEMT模型分析

将表面势的概念引入GaAs高电子迁移率晶体管器件结构,以建立可精确描述HEMT器件输入/出特性的新模型。通过分析最基本的HEMT结构,参考Si基MOSFET中Pao-sah模型的分析方法,对沟道电荷利用泊松方程表述,并结合能带电压关系,建立HEMT器件中表面势(Φ_s)对于栅压(V_(GS))的关系。基于上述分析计算了沟道中电子的饱和点。根据推导所得方程,模型计算得到的某具体器件沟道面电荷密度(n_s)-栅压(V_(GS))关系曲线和基于T-CAD工具仿真结果在线性区得到很好的吻合。