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211.
212.
Tetrabutyl titanate was used as sol–gel precursor of a nanosized TiO2 coating to improve the photo‐stability of aramid fibers. The nanosized TiO2 coating was characterized by XRD and XPS. The influence of the TiO2 coating on photo‐stability of aramid fibers was investigated by an accelerated photo‐ageing method. The photo‐stability of aramid fiber showed obvious improvement after coating. After 156 h of UV exposure, the coated fibers showed less deterioration in mechanical properties with the retained tensile strength and elongation at break greater than 36 and 50% of the original values, respectively, whereas the uncoated fibers degraded completely and became powdery. SEM analysis showed no significant surface morphological change on the coated fiber after the exposure, while some latitudinal crack fractures appeared on the uncoated aramid fiber. The effect of the nanosized TiO2 coating was also well demonstrated by examining the difference of distributions of C1s in XPS deconvolution analysis on the surface of uncoated/coated fibers with increasing UV exposure time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3113–3119, 2007 相似文献
213.
硫氰基丙基三乙氧基硅烷的合成 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
以硫氰酸盐、γ-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷[γ-Cl(CH2)3Si(C2H5O)3]为原料,合成了硅烷偶联剂硫氰基丙基三乙氧基硅烷。讨论了硫氰酸盐和溶剂的种类、反应温度,以及硫氰酸盐、γ-氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷、溶剂的配比对反应的影响。结果表明,以硫氰化钾(KSCN)为原料、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,且KSCN与γ-Cl(CH2)3Si(C2H5O)3、DMF的质量比为1:2.36:2.4--2.5时,在120--130℃回流反应3h,硫氰基丙基三乙氧基硅烷的收率可达82%左右;其应用性能与德国Degussa公司的Si-264相当。 相似文献
214.
215.
针对泥沙直径对混流式水轮机蜗壳和导水机构内部流场产生影响的问题进行了初步研究,采用固液两相流模型对某电站的高水头混流式水轮机进行了全流道数值模拟,通过单一变量法来研究不同来流泥沙的直径对蜗壳和导水机构内部压力及泥沙分布产生的影响。研究结果表明:与清水相比,含沙水流会不同程度地使蜗壳和导水机构内部的水压力载荷增加,在相同工况下,蜗壳底部、蜗壳鼻端、固定导叶和活动导叶头部的泥沙浓度较大;小直径下泥沙分布均匀,随着泥沙直径的增加,泥沙浓度的梯度变大,泥沙分布更加集中,从而会使磨损加剧。该研究成果可为在含沙水流中运行的水轮机设计提供参考。 相似文献
216.
Dewetting of polymethyl methacrylate on the patterned elastomer substrate by solvent vapor treatment
The dewetting evolution process of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film on the flat and prepatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates (with square microwells) by the saturated solvent of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) treatment has been investigated at room temperature by the optical microscope (OM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The final dewetting on the flat PDMS substrate led to polygonal liquid droplets, similar to that by temperature annealing. However, on the patterned PDMS substrate, depending on the microwells' structure of PDMS substrate and defect positions that initiated the rupture and dewetting of PMMA, two different kinds of dewetting phenomena, one initiated around the edge of the microwells and another initiated outside the microwells, were observed. The forming mechanism of these two different dewetting phenomena has been discussed. The microwells were filled with liquid droplets of PMMA after dewetting due to the formation of fingers caused by the pinning of the three-phase-line at the edge of the microwells and their rupture. 相似文献
217.
Thermal stability of composite phase change material microcapsules incorporated with silver nano-particles 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper reports a study on the thermal stability of phase change material microcapsules that are incorporated with silver nano-particles (Ag-NPs). The novel microcapsules were fabricated by the technique of in situ polymerization, with aminoplast as the wall and phase change material bromo-hexadecane (PCM BrC16) as the core. Thermal gravimetry (TG) analysis was applied to measure the thermal stability of these microcapsules and surface morphology of the microcapsules was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after an application of curing treatment at 130 °C. Comparing with conventional phase change material microcapsules (PCMMs), nano-composite phase change material microcapsules (NCPCMMs) have higher thermal stability. This can be attributed to nano-composite structure of the microcapsules, in which metal Ag-NPs distributed on the surface to increase wall toughness and strength. The possible reinforcement mechanisms of the nano-composite structure are explored. 相似文献
218.
总结了12MW热电联产装置的特点及运行情况。实际运行情况证明,建设热电联产装置是以煤为原料的中、小氮肥企业彻底解决造气炉渣及细灰综合利用,使其变废为宝的一条重要途径,也是氮肥企业降低生产成本、增加效益、提高企业市场竞争力的必然选择。 相似文献
219.
Kai Xing Fengjuan Zhang Yi Liang Dechang Chen 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2014,18(8):1917-1928
Along with the increasing popularity of electric vehicles caused by economic and environmental incentives, the penetration of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) poses a great threat to the power grid, especially to the aggregated load in the power system. Motivated by this observation, in this paper, we analyze the impact of large-scale usage of PHEVs and address the load distribution problem by solving a decentralized optimization problem and smoothening the peak load with pricing strategies in the power grid. We also investigate the influence of charging time and charging mode on load distribution, as the charging price varies with the changes of these two factors. Our simulation study on PJM’s data warehouse shows that the proposed strategies can well smooth the peak load by pricing on the charging time and mode. The results also indicate that our strategies always distribute the load in a smoother manner at a smaller load fluctuation compared with other schemes (e.g., First Come First Service and PMCS) and thus improving the stability and reliability of the power grid. 相似文献
220.
热压氮化硅在1200℃的高温疲劳损伤 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
研究了热压氮化硅陶瓷的室温和高温力学性能及在1200℃的高温疲劳损伤行为,发现材料的弹性模量、抗变强度与断裂韧性均随温度升高而下降,但在1000℃以上降低最为显著。在1200℃高温疲劳寿命与应力之间符合单对数线性关系经分析发现这种现象与失效的热激活过程有关。通过对实验数据,XRD相结构、变形动力学过程和断口的微观分析证明,陶瓷高温疲劳失效机理为“杂质空穴复合作用机制”。对热压氮化硅来说,失效机理主 相似文献