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71.
Jessica Da Gama Duarte Luke T. Quigley Anna Rachel Young Masaru Hayashi Mariko Miyazawa Alex Lopata Nunzio Mancuso Mikio Mikami Andreas Behren Els Meeusen 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(20)
Ovarian cancers include several disease subtypes and patients often present with advanced metastatic disease and a poor prognosis. New biomarkers for early diagnosis and targeted therapy are, therefore, urgently required. This study uses antibodies produced locally in tumor-draining lymph nodes (ASC probes) of individual ovarian cancer patients to screen two separate protein microarray platforms and identify cognate tumor antigens. The resulting antigen profiles were unique for each individual cancer patient and were used to generate a 50-antigen custom microarray. Serum from a separate cohort of ovarian cancer patients encompassing four disease subtypes was screened on the custom array and we identified 28.8% of all ovarian cancers, with a higher sensitivity for mucinous (50.0%) and serous (40.0%) subtypes. Combining local and circulating antibodies with high-density protein microarrays can identify novel, patient-specific tumor-associated antigens that may have diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic uses in ovarian cancer. 相似文献
72.
Rachel E. Bowes Eva Bergman Serena Donadi Larry Greenberg Leonard Sandin Lovisa Lind 《河流研究与利用》2023,39(6):1025-1036
Rivers networks represent hierarchical dendritic habitats within terrestrial landscapes and differences in connectivity and land use influence dispersal, and consequently biodiversity patterns. We, therefore, measured variation in water chemistry and fish abundance and related these to a number of landscape characteristics (e.g., wetland, urban, wooded, and agricultural) in the River Klarälven and its 30 permanently flowing tributaries. We hypothesized that these environmental attributes would differ between tributary and main stem habitat and that these differences would be driven by landscape attributes including land use. We found considerable intertributary variation in temperature and nutrient levels, and between the tributaries and the main stem. Generally, water temperature was lower in the tributaries, whereas nutrient levels were higher in the tributaries. The lower water temperature has implications for coldwater fishes, and we found two fishes, burbot and lamprey, associated with coldwater tributaries. We also found an inverse relationship between water quality and anthropogenic land use. Protecting tributaries with low anthropogenic impact will likely become increasingly important with ongoing global warming as they can function as thermal refugia for coldwater fishes. Hence, this study underscores the need to evaluate water courses at regional scales to identify spatial refuges and ensure connectivity. 相似文献
73.
This study evaluated the production of biodiesel using fish oil as raw material. Two-stage alkaline-catalysis transesterification was performed with 6/1 molar ratio of methanol to oil at 55°C in the presence of 1 wt. % base amount of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The fuel properties of the biodiesel were further analyzed. The characterizations of the produced biodiesel showed that it met ASTM D 6751 standard with respect to acid number, flash point, water and sediment, free and total glycerin, sulfur content, distillation temperature, etc. It was found that cold soak and oxidative stability were out spec due to the high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the fish oil. However, through blending with used cooking oil biodiesel, in spec biodiesel fuel could be achieved. 相似文献
74.
William W. Bowerman Amy S. Roe Michael J. Gilbertson David A. Best James G. Sikarskie Rachel S. Mitchell Cheryl L. Summer 《Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management》2002,7(3):183-187
The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is one of the most studied birds of North America, and a great amount of natural life‐history information, including the response of various stressors on the eagles' ability to reproduce, are well known. In Michigan, the eagle has been chosen to track the trends of bioaccumulative compounds of concern across watersheds in the state. The state has been divided into major watersheds, and 20% of these are surveyed each year. A control area in northern Minnesota, Voyageurs National Park, is also sampled annually. We report here on the methods used, the preliminary results of the 1999 field season, and how differences in mercury concentrations varied over a 10‐year period. Mercury in feathers of nestling eagles declined over time only in Lakes Michigan and Huron, but have not decreased among other subpopulations in Michigan. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 4,4′‐DDE in blood plasma from nestling eagles have declined over time for most subpopulations; however, they remain greater for breeding areas associated with the Great Lakes' food web. Sea eagles of the genus Haliaeetus are a good sentinel species to track trends in bioaccumulative compounds in aquatic systems. 相似文献
75.
Glenn A. Norton Rachel E. Peters Colin D. Chriswell 《Petroleum Science and Technology》1994,12(5):749-783
Several raw coals of various ranks were used to examine the effects of some of the variations in ASTM procedures on analytical results obtained for total sulfur and sulfur forms. ASTM procedures were also used to determine pyritic sulfur in two coals cleaned by selective agglomeration processes.In addition, organic sulfur values obtained by the indirect ASTM procedure were compared to those obtained directly by leaching coal with hot HNO3 followed by total sulfur determinations on the coal residue.
Differences in the ASTM leaching procedure with HNO3 did not significantly affect the pyritic sulfur results for any of the coals. However, small differences between the referee (leaching coal with HNO3) versus alternate (leaching coal ash with HCl) ASTM procedures for determining pyritic sulfur were observed.Neithei: procedure was consistently higher than the other. 相似文献
Differences in the ASTM leaching procedure with HNO3 did not significantly affect the pyritic sulfur results for any of the coals. However, small differences between the referee (leaching coal with HNO3) versus alternate (leaching coal ash with HCl) ASTM procedures for determining pyritic sulfur were observed.Neithei: procedure was consistently higher than the other. 相似文献
76.
Helen Hejin Park Rachel Heasley Leizhi Sun Vera Steinmann Rafael Jaramillo Katy Hartman Rupak Chakraborty Prasert Sinsermsuksakul Danny Chua Tonio Buonassisi Roy G. Gordon 《Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications》2015,23(7):901-908
Thin‐film solar cells consisting of earth‐abundant and non‐toxic materials were made from pulsed chemical vapor deposition (pulsed‐CVD) of SnS as the p‐type absorber layer and atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Zn(O,S) as the n‐type buffer layer. The effects of deposition temperature and annealing conditions of the SnS absorber layer were studied for solar cells with a structure of Mo/SnS/Zn(O,S)/ZnO/ITO. Solar cells were further optimized by varying the stoichiometry of Zn(O,S) and the annealing conditions of SnS. Post‐deposition annealing in pure hydrogen sulfide improved crystallinity and increased the carrier mobility by one order of magnitude, and a power conversion efficiency up to 2.9% was achieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
77.
In a tradable white certificate (TWC) scheme, each certificate issued represents a certain amount of energy saved. Used in
conjunction with an energy-saving obligation on certain parties in the energy supply chain and with rules for trading, monitoring
and verification established, an efficient market for energy savings in sectors not covered by the European Union (EU) Emissions
Trading Scheme can be established. However, a plethora of other mechanisms are already in place to promote a more sustainable
use of energy in Europe. This paper analyses the interactions (both potential and realised in existing schemes) between TWCs
and other policy instruments including tradable green certificates, the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, the European
Union Energy Performance in Buildings Directive as well as taxes, subsidies and loans. Measures implemented through a TWC
scheme that reduce the consumption of electricity can make targets under a tradable green certificate scheme easier to attain.
Where a tradable green certificate scheme contains relative targets, the target should be increased to achieve the same absolute
amount of renewable power. A TWC scheme can also reduce the number of allowances electricity generators will need to surrender
under the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. By reducing the available emission rights in the National Allocation Plans, this effect
is possible to counteract.
相似文献
Domenico GaudiosoEmail: |
78.
As solder joints become increasingly miniaturised to meet the challenging demands of future electronic packaging, it is vitally important to consider whether the solder joint size and geometry could become a reliability issue and thereby affect the implementation of the Pb-free solders. In this study, different bumping techniques, e.g., solder dipping, stencil printing followed by solder reflow, and electroplating of solders and subsequent reflow, were used to investigate the microstructure and interfacial interactions of molten Sn and Sn-based Pb-free solders on different metallizations, e.g., copper and electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG). The resultant microstructures from a variety of pad sizes, ranging from 1 mm down to 25 μm, and representing different solder bump geometries have been investigated. In addition, thermodynamic and combined thermodynamic-kinetic modelling has been used in order to understand the microstructure of Pb-free solders, the kinetics of dissolution of the metallizations and the formation of interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMCs). Both the experimental results and theoretical predictions suggest that the solder bump size and geometry can influence the as-soldered microstructure. In the light of the increasing importance of the microstructural features of the ultrafine solder joint in determining its long term reliability, a novel computational interface between software for thermodynamic calculations, high-level scientific computing and multiphysics modelling, is introduced. This modelling methodology provides a potential platform for microstructure-based Finite Element (FE) reliability modelling of ultrafine interconnects for future microelectronic products. 相似文献
79.
David J. Wright M. Rachel Bumstead David T. Coxon Hugh S. Ellis M. Susan DuPont Henry W.-S. Chan 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1984,35(5):531-542
The pea-milling and subsequent air classification of whole peas was investigated on laboratory scale equipment. Two approximately linear but divergent calibration graphs were constructed for the air classifier based on two different definitions of particle size cut-point. At high classifying speed (11 000 rev min?1) a fine fraction or protein concentrate was produced containing 55.1% protein (cf. 22% in original flour) although this represented only 29% of the total protein. The yield of protein in the fine fraction could be increased by using a three-stage milling and classifying procedure, although the actual protein content of the concentrate remained more or less the same. This procedure also had the effect of reducing protein contamination of the starch (coarse) fraction. Other effects of air classifying observed included the concentration of the lipid component into the fine fraction and the rough fractionation of the fibre constituent between the coarse (testa) and fine (cell wall material) fractions. Various aspects and problems associated with the use of air classification for the preparation of pea protein concentrates are discussed. 相似文献
80.
Moskowitz D. S.; Russell Jennifer J.; Sadikaj Gentiana; Sutton Rachel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2009,50(3):131
An overview is provided of measures that are administered repeatedly in daily life. Variations of this methodology have been referred to as ecological momentary assessment, diary methods, daily process measures, and most broadly as intensive repeated measures in naturalistic settings (IRM-NS). Contrasts are drawn between IRM-NS methods on the basis of different sampling strategies, such as time-contingent recording, signal-contingent recording, and event-contingent recording. Common threats to the internal validity, construct validity, and external validity of IRM-NS measures are reviewed, along with ways to reduce these threats. The statistical analysis of IRM-NS data is considered, with a particular focus on the investigation of intraindividual variability. An extended example is provided of an IRM-NS measure, an event-contingent recording method for the assessment of interpersonal behaviour. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献