Entwicklung rechtssicherer Web-Anwendungen

A broad variety of juridical requirements has to be considered during the development of Web-applications. Disregard of these requirements holds severe financial dangers. A complete compilation of juridical requirements is complicated due to the multitude of juridical areas and the variety of Web-applications. Therefore, a development-driven juridical framework is suggested. From a software engineering point of view it is crucial to capture requirements at an early stage of development in order to avoid much higher costs at a later time. Thus, specialized conceptual modelling methods are examined with regard to their capability to model juridical requirements. A lack of methodical support is identified which is addressed by a systematic adaption and extension of the eW3DT method.     

Online-Literaturdatenbanken im Bereich der Wirtschaftsinformatik: Bereitstellung wissenschaftlicher Literatur und Analyse von Interaktionen der Wissensteilung

Knowledge sharing is fundamental for innovations in the scientific community. The paper examines how the interaction of knowledge sharing is supported by online services. With respect to business information systems, a survey of online literature databases is given, providing an aggregation of various publication sources, a direct access to publications, and which are available to the public. Furthermore, special analysis services are presented which describe competitive interactions of knowledge sharing via rankings on the one hand, and cooperative interactions of knowledge sharing via co-authorship evaluation on the other.     

Long-term patterns and predictors of successful stressor resolution in later life.

At 1 year, 4 years, and 10 years after baseline, late-middle-aged adults reported whether they had successfully resolved their most important stressor of the past year. Compared to individuals who never resolved focal stressors over the 10-year interval, those who always did consistently showed less negative stressor appraisal, less reliance on avoidance coping, and less use of exploratory relative to directed coping responses, independent of type and severity of focal stressor. Less use of exploratory relative to directed coping and having more social resources, fewer health problems, and fewer depressive symptoms at baseline predicted more stressor resolution over the next 10 years. These predictors are promising foci for prospective efforts to optimize ways in which aging adults manage late-life stressors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

PAC-Bayesian Compression Bounds on the Prediction Error of Learning Algorithms for Classification

We consider bounds on the prediction error of classification algorithms based on sample compression. We refine the notion of a compression scheme to distinguish permutation and repetition invariant and non-permutation and repetition invariant compression schemes leading to different prediction error bounds. Also, we extend known results on compression to the case of non-zero empirical risk.We provide bounds on the prediction error of classifiers returned by mistake-driven online learning algorithms by interpreting mistake bounds as bounds on the size of the respective compression scheme of the algorithm. This leads to a bound on the prediction error of perceptron solutions that depends on the margin a support vector machine would achieve on the same training sample.Furthermore, using the property of compression we derive bounds on the average prediction error of kernel classifiers in the PAC-Bayesian framework. These bounds assume a prior measure over the expansion coefficients in the data-dependent kernel expansion and bound the average prediction error uniformly over subsets of the space of expansion coefficients.Editor Shai Ben-David     

Eine Dienstgüte unterstützende Webservice-Architektur für flexible Geschäftsprozesse

Web services as a technology to enable distributed business processes gain in importance. However, the support of Quality of Service (QoS) is crucial in this context. Thus, we present an integrated web service architecture with comprehensive QoS support. The architecture we introduce in this paper supports the assessment of web services to assure that only web services will be used in critical business processes that satisfy the requirements defined by the user. The selection and execution of a certain web service depends on its QoS-properties that must be guaranteed in Service Level Agreements (SLAs). The compliance with SLAs is monitored by the system as well. Furthermore we introduce a prototypical implementation of our web service architecture.     

Modeling and querying moving objects in networks

Moving objects databases have become an important research issue in recent years. For modeling and querying moving objects, there exists a comprehensive framework of abstract data types to describe objects moving freely in the 2D plane, providing data types such as moving point or moving region. However, in many applications people or vehicles move along transportation networks. It makes a lot of sense to model the network explicitly and to describe movements relative to the network rather than unconstrained space, because then it is much easier to formulate in queries relationships between moving objects and the network. Moreover, such models can be better supported in indexing and query processing. In this paper, we extend the ADT approach by modeling networks explicitly and providing data types for static and moving network positions and regions. In a highway network, example entities corresponding to these data types are motels, construction areas, cars, and traffic jams. The network model is not too simplistic; it allows one to distinguish simple roads and divided highways and to describe the possible traversals of junctions precisely. The new types and operations are integrated seamlessly into the ADT framework to achieve a relatively simple, consistent and powerful overall model and query language for constrained and unconstrained movement.     

Arguments and Misunderstandings: Fuzzy Unification for Negotiating Agents

In this paper, we develop the notion of fuzzy unification and incorporate it into a novel fuzzy argumentation framework for extended logic programming. We make the following contributions: The argumentation framework is defined by a declarative bottom-up fixpoint semantics and an equivalent goal-directed top-down proofprocedure for extended logic programming. Our framework allows one to represent positive and explicitly negative knowledge, as well as uncertainty. Both concepts are used in agent communication languages such as KQML and FIPA ACL. One source of uncertainty in open systems stems from mismatches in parameter and predicate names and missing parameters. To this end, we conservatively extend classical unification and develop fuzzy unification based on normalised edit distance over trees.     

Predicting the development of late-life late-onset drinking problems: a 7-year prospective study

There has been little empirical study of risk factors for the development of late-life late-onset drinking problems. In the current prospective study, we compare two groups of older adults who, at a baseline assessment, were nonproblem drinkers: individuals who developed drinking problems over the course of the next 7 years (n = 77) and those who did not (n = 197). Late-onset problem drinkers reported mild to moderate drinking problems and spontaneous remission rates were high. Compared with stable nonproblem drinkers, late-onset problem drinkers at baseline were more likely to report incipient problems, heavier alcohol consumption, greater friend approval of drinking, more reliance on avoidance coping strategies, were more likely to smoke, and were less likely to have acute medical conditions that could potentially be complicated by alcohol consumption. Contrary to expectation, life stressors did not predict drinking problem onset. However, compared with stable nonproblem drinkers, late-onset problem drinkers were more likely to have a history of responding to stressors and negative affect with increased alcohol consumption.