Biologically Sensitive FETs: Holistic Design Considerations from Simulation,Modeling and Fabrication Perspectives

Silicon - The conceptualization of biomolecule sensing accomplished by field effect transistor (FET) devices have been attracting substantial contemplation for over twenty years owing to the...     

Joint power allocation and channel assignment for device-to-device communication using the Hungarian model and enhanced hybrid Red Fox-Harris Hawks Optimization

Multihop device-to-device (D2D) communication is a promising advancement since it allows wireless users in close proximity to communicate directly with one another without using base stations (BSs). With two nearby users, this technology intends to keep up with the accelerating development of mobile devices and the rising demands of local traffic loads. High-data-rate short-range transmission is made possible by this paradigm, which also lowers network backhaul expenses while improving end-user experience, spectral efficiency (SE) and network coverage. In order to maximize the cell's overall sum rates, this article examines the problem of selecting the optimal M-D2D linkages and cellular users (CUs) to form spectrum-sharing partners while taking quality of service (QoS) and energy efficiency (EE) needs into consideration. This study examines the use of a channel assignment system and a power allocation technique to manage interference in D2D communication scenarios involving many hops (more than one hop). The suggested channel assignment approach is based on the Hungarian method, but the power allocation system is based on the time-efficient enhanced Harris hawks optimization (HHO) and red fox (RF) algorithms. A genetic algorithm (GA)-based methodology and various baseline approaches are used to compare the effectiveness of the suggested system. Because it combines exploitation and exploration using a memory-based local search methodology and a perturbation mechanism, the suggested approach outperforms the GA in simulations. The results clearly demonstrate that the suggested method increases EE by up to 13% by producing the appropriate channel and power assignment for CUs and M-D2D users.     

Unraveling the physicochemical and toxicological properties of food product isolated E341/E171

Nanostructured materials have been extensively exploited in the food sector for nutrient delivery, sensing, packaging, and food additives. It has exhibited size, shape, chemical nature, and surface area-dependent physicochemical and biological properties. Currently, nanoscale ingredients are identified in approved food additives. Still, food-grade nanostructured material's impact on biological systems is unexplored well. Thus, in this study, we have identified and analyzed the physicochemical properties of nanoscale ingredients in commercial food product isolate E341 and E171 combinations. Also, we have evaluated the E341/E171 combination cytotoxic potential on human mesenchymal stem cells. The food isolated E341/E171 exhibits spherical nature with a 60–200 nm diameter. The E341 and E171 combination exposure increased the cell viability loss to ~36% at a high dose in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The E341/E171 treatment-induced cellular and nuclear damage at a moderate dose. The mitochondrial membrane potential loss and ROS generation were observed in E341/E171 treated cells. The E341/E171 alters the gene expression pattern in hMSCs dose-dependently. The GSR and POR gene expression is upregulated significantly in E341/E171 treatment. Our study results revealed that E341/E171 induced toxicity in hMSCs at high concentrations. Thus, E341/E171 potential impact on the biological system should be reexamined for food industrial implications.