Bridging scientist and practitioner perspectives in clinical psychology.

Literature suggests that a complex and often hostile relationship exists between the science and practice of clinical psychology. Contributors to this conflict of viewpoints are reconsidered within the proposition that there are different roads to discovery and that there may be good reasons to keep the science and practice of clinical psychology somewhat separate. Results of a national survey of 325 psychologists are reviewed that support the view that psychological practitioners value research and consider their practices to be augmented by scientific findings. However, they are in need of vehicles of communication that will help them translate scientific findings into practice. Results suggest that practitioners do more to understand scientific findings than scientists do to understand the problems that face clinical practitioners. Ways to facilitate communication between and among these groups are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Managing Impressions Online: Self-Presentation Processes in the Online Dating Environment

This study investigates self-presentation strategies among online dating participants, exploring how participants manage their online presentation of self in order to accomplish the goal of finding a romantic partner. Thirty-four individuals active on a large online dating site participated in telephone interviews about their online dating experiences and perceptions. Qualitative data analysis suggests that participants attended to small cues online, mediated the tension between impression management pressures and the desire to present an authentic sense of self through tactics such as creating a profile that reflected their "ideal self," and attempted to establish the veracity of their identity claims. This study provides empirical support for Social Information Processing theory in a naturalistic context while offering insight into the complicated way in which "honesty" is enacted online.     

Strategy for olive mill wastewater treatment and reuse with a sewage plant in an arid region.

This study was conducted to evaluate the treatability of OMW (olive mill wastewater) with sewage and sewage sludge, which could supplement nutrients and microbes required for OMW treatment and reduce its possible toxicity. The amount of OMW added to an aeration tank was based on the loading difference between the designed and actual COD loads, while the amount added to anaerobic digestion for energy recovery was determined by CH4 production. The COD removal efficiencies were 70-85% for both systems. Compost of OMW with dried sewage sludge also showed a similar temperature profile without OMW addition. This strongly suggested that OMW can be treated at a sewage plant without pretreatment and the treated effluent can be reused in irrigation for an arid region.     

Numerical simulation of aerosol collection in filters with staggered parallel rectangular fibres

 In this paper, filters with rectangular fibres arranged in a staggered and parallel array and placed transverse to the flow are studied numerically. A two- dimensional flow field is obtained by solving Navier–Stokes equations with the control volume method. Periodic boundary conditions are introduced in the calculation. In order to achieve higher accuracy, a second-order upwind scheme is adopted and a fine mesh is arranged near the fibre and the symmetrical plane of the flow field where large gradients in velocity are expected. Particle trajectories are calculated by solving the corresponding Lagrangian equation of motion to obtain the collection efficiency of a single rectangular fibre, in which positions of the approaching particles on the inlet plane of the flow field are randomly distributed according to the Monte-Carlo principle. The simulation considers all the important mechanisms of particle capture including interception, inertial impaction and Brownian motion. Effects of fibre aspect ratio, filter packing density, particulate size and Reynolds number on the collection efficiency are numerically determined. The volumetric packing density ranges from 0.4 to 4% and the particle diameter is from 0.01 μm to 2 μm. Reynolds number based on the height of computational domain varies from 20 to 100 and the aspect ratio is from 0.1 to 10. Simulations with and without Brownian motion are carried out for different Reynolds numbers, packing densities and aspect ratios and the results show that Brownian effects are significant for particles smaller than 1 μm. Received 25 May 2001     

A new boundary integral equation for notch problem of plane elasticity

A new boundary integral equation for the notch problem of plane elasticity is formulated in this paper. In the formulation, the distributed dislocation density is taken to be the unknown function and the resultant force function to be the right-hand term in the resulting integral equation. As a result the integral equation derived contains a logarithmic kernel. The equation is compact in form and convenient for computation. The accuracy of the method is demonstrated through a number of numerical examples.     

An electromigration failure model for interconnects under pulsedand bidirectional current stressing

An electromigration failure model which can be used to project the electromigration lifetime under pulsed DC and AC current stressing has been reported. The experimental results indicate that different metallization systems (Al-2%Si, Al4%Cu/TiW, and Cu) show similar failure behaviors, which can be explained and predicted by this model. The pulsed DC lifetime is found to be longer than DC lifetime, and the AC lifetime is found to be very much longer. This recognition can provide significant relief to circuit designs involving metals carrying pulsed DC and AC currents, and allow a more aggressive design to improve circuit density and speed     

Dyadic perfectionism as a predictor of relationship continuity and distress among college students.

This study examined the nature and impact of dyadic perfectionism over a 3-month interval within a sample of 116 college students who were currently involved in an intimate heterosexual relationship. Dyadic perfectionism scores were stable and correlated as expected with scores on concurrent measures of adult attachment orientations and relationship satisfaction. Logistic regression analyses revealed that, controlling for initial commitment status and adult attachment orientations, Time 1 dyadic perfectionism scores significantly and uniquely predicted relationship continuity 3 months later. Lastly, controlling for social desirability, relationship commitment status, and Time 1 adult attachment orientation scores, Time 1 dyadic perfectionism scores also uniquely predicted Time 2 relationship distress. Findings provide additional evidence that dyadic perfectionism is a risk factor for relationship dysfunction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Apply geometric duality to energy-efficient non-local phenomenon awareness using sensor networks

A powerful concept to cope with resource limitations and information redundancy in wireless sensor networks is the use of collaboration groups to distill information within the network and suppress unnecessary activities. When the phenomena to be monitored have large geographical extents, it is not obvious how to define these collaboration groups. This article presents the application of geometric duality to form such groups for sensor selection and non-local phenomena tracking. Using a dual-space transformation, which maps a non-local phenomenon (e.g., the edge of a half-plane shadow) to a single point in the dual space and maps locations of distributed sensor nodes to a set of lines that partitions the dual space, one can turn off the majority of the sensors to achieve resource preservation without losing detection and tracking accuracy. Since the group so defined may consist of nodes that are far away in physical space, we propose a hierarchical architecture that uses a small number of computationally powerful nodes and a massive number of power constrained motes. By taking advantage of the continuity of physical phenomena and the duality principle, we can greatly reduce the power consumption in non-local phenomena tracking and extend the lifetime of the network.     

Assessment of behavioral problems in dementia: The Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist.

The Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (RMBPC), a 24-item, caregiver-report measure of observable behavioral problems in dementia patients, provides 1 total score and 3 subscale scores for S problems (memory-related, depression, and disruptive behaviors) and parallel scores for caregiver reaction. Data were obtained from 201 geriatric Ss and their caregivers. Factor analysis confirmed 3 1st-order factors, consistent with subscales just named, and 1 general factor of behavioral disturbance. Overall scale reliability was good, with alphas of .84 for S behavior and .90 for caregiver reaction. Subscale alphas ranged from .67 to .89. Validity was confirmed through comparison of RMBPC scores with well-established indexes of depression, cognitive impairment, and caregiver burden. The RMBPC is recommended as a reliable and valid tool for the clinical and empirical assessment of behavior problems in dementia Ss. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)