Design and Synthesis of CdWO4:Sb3+ Phosphor Based on sp Energy Level Regularities of Sb3+ Ion

Sb³⁺‐activated CdWO₄ phosphors were designed according to sp energy levels regularities of Sb³⁺ ion in some inorganic compounds. The sp energy levels regularities of Sb³⁺ in dozens of compounds were established with the aid of the dielectric theory of the chemical bond for complex crystals: E_A = 6.2187?1.7584h_e, E_B = 7.019?1.957h_e, E_C = 7.259?1.964h_e. Environmental factor h_e of Cd site was calculated to be 1.6583 with the refined crystal structure and refractive index of CdWO₄:Sb³⁺. Sb³⁺‐doped CdWO₄ was synthesized through a precipitation method and its structure was refined with the General Structure Analysis System. The transition energy of A band of Sb³⁺ in CdWO₄ can be predicted to be 3.312 eV (374 nm), according to the relationship equation between E_A and environmental factor h_e. By monitoring the 521 nm emission band, the excitation spectrum gives a weak excitation band peaking at 355 nm, which was assigned to the ¹S₀–³P₁ transition of Sb³⁺ according to our prediction. Thus, Sb³⁺‐doped CdWO₄ phosphor was designed and synthesized successfully based on sp energy levels regularities of Sb³⁺ ion. This work is a great help to understand the spectroscopy of Sb³⁺ ion and will be useful for the design and development of Sb³⁺‐doped phosphors for applications.     

Design and screening of ionic liquids for C2H2/C2H4 separation by COSMO‐RS and experiments

Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as promising solvents for separating C₂H₂ and C₂H₄, but screening an industrially attractive IL with high capacity from numerous available ILs remains challenging. In this work, a rapid screening method based on COSMO‐RS was developed. We also present an efficient strategy to improve the C₂H₂ capacity in ILs together with adequate C₂H₂/C₂H₄ selectivity with the aid of COSMO‐RS. The essence of this strategy is to increase molecular free volume of ILs and simultaneously enhance hydrogen‐bond basicity of anions by introducing flexible and highly asymmetric structures, which is validated by a new class of tetraalkylphosphonium ILs featuring long‐chain carboxylate anions. At 298.1 K and 1 bar, the solubility of C₂H₂ in ILs reaches 0.476 mol/mol IL, very high for a physical absorption, with a selectivity of up to 21.4. The separation performance of tetraalkylphosphonium ILs to the mixture of C₂H₂/C₂H₄ was also evaluated. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2016–2027, 2015     

Critical stress of high‐density polyethylene during stress and photo‐oxidative aging

The long‐term photo‐oxidative aging behavior of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) under different tensile stress was studied using a stress‐aging apparatus. The aging behavior was investigated through the methods of the surface morphology observation, gel content measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and creep behavior. It was found that stress has influence on the development of cracks and stress induces cracking through creep deformation. With increasing stress, the cracking time decreases in a reversed S‐shape curve way, and there is a critical stress near 7 MPa where the cracking time has a maximum decreasing rate. Meanwhile, the creep deformation increases rapidly when the stress exceeds the critical stress. The critical stress of HDPE is about 20–25% of breaking strength, and HDPE with low comonomer content has good dimensional stability when the stress is less than the critical stress, while HDPE with high comonomer content has a good performance when the stress exceeds the critical stress. This study may be useful for the rational selection of HDPE for the sheath material of bridge cable. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:2277–2284, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Preparation and properties of functionalized graphene/waterborne polyurethane composites with highly hydrophobic

The long‐chain functionalized graphene nanoplatelets (FGN) were functionalized by isophorone diisocyanate and then octadecylamine, the graphene functionalized/waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composites were prepared by solution mixture. The results showed that the FGN achieved good dispersion with exfoliated and intercalated nanostructure and strong interfacial adhesion with WPU, which made the nano–composites have a significant enhancement of thermal stability and mechanical properties at low FGN loadings. With 1.5% of FGN added, the tensile strength of the composites reached the maximum of 17 MPa, which improved by 41.6%, the water absorption of the composites is only 6.7%. With the incorporation of 2 wt % FGN, and the static contact angle of the composites reached to about 120°, showing the high hydrophobicity. At the same time, the volume resistivity of the composites was changed from 2.34 × 10¹² Ω·cm to 3.77 × 10⁹ Ω·cm. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42005.     

整体炉衬镍铁回转窑锚固件的设计与应用

锚固件在不定形耐火材料中起到增强牢固性的作用,所以其使用性能的好坏直接影响着不定形耐火材料的使用效果. 整体炉衬镍铁回转窑使用的锚固件为U型、Y型、V型、双R型或锚固砖. 使用合适的锚固件后炉衬的整体性好,窑体寿命长,产能高,成本低.     

芬顿试剂降解羧甲基纤维素钠的定量分析

为制备低黏度的羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC),采用芬顿(Fenton)试剂对CMC进行降解,并对降解后的产物进行定量分析。在整个反应体系中,考查了反应时间、溶液浓度、温度、p H值以及V(H2O2)/V(Fe2+)的比值对CMC降解效果的影响。试验结果表明:Fenton试剂对CMC的降解效果非常显著。由正交试验得出最佳的降解工艺条件,即在3 g/L的CMC溶液2 L、反应温度50℃、p H值为3.5、V(H2O2)∶V(Fe2+)=3∶1(0.9 m L∶0.3 m L)、反应时间为30 min时,CMC降解率达到96.05%。对降解后产物的各项性能进行定量分析,结果均符合食品添加剂的各项理化指标。     

N-甲基吗啉钨酸盐催化环氧化环辛烯反应研究

合成一种新型N-甲基吗啉钨酸盐[Mor1,n]Na W2O11(n=2,5,8),并考察了在以30%H2O2为氧化剂,乙腈为反应溶剂,[Mor1,2]Na W2O11为催化剂的催化环氧化环辛烯的反应体系中反应溶剂的量、催化剂的量、氧化剂的量和反应温度的变化对产率的影响,最终确定了最佳反应条件:反应温度70℃,环辛烯1 mmol,催化剂量30μmol,H2O2(30%)量2 mmol,乙腈0.5 m L,反应6 h,产率96%。     

有限元法在Φ3 m×10 m滚筒筛开发中的运用

在Φ3 m×10 m滚筒筛设计阶段,利用有限元法校核计算了筛筒的应力和变形。计算结果表明:(1)设计方案可靠、安全;(2)筛板对筛筒的强度、刚度有很大的加强作用。利用此结论,对溧阳项目运行一年后滚筒筛筛筒开裂进行了原因分析,并有针对性的提出整改建议。     

浅析《现代仪器分析》课程教学存在的问题及对策

《现代仪器分析》课程是我院生物技术和生物科学专业的必修课,也是一门专业技术核心课。本文基于对我院《现代仪器分析》课程教学中存在的问题:课程安排、实验设置、教材问题、师资队伍这四方面进行剖析,提出制定合理的教学计划和改变教学方法的着手,来提高教学质量。