采用BP神经网络记忆模糊规则的控制

本文提供了一种比模糊推理更为自然的方式使用人们的经验知识,通过一组神经元不同 程度的兴奋表达一个抽象的概念值,由此将抽象的经验规则转化成多层神经网络的输入一输 出样本.通过Back-Propagation学习算法使得网络记忆这些样本.控制器以"联想记忆"方 式使用这些经验.本文介绍了控制器的构造方法,给出了控制仿真结果,并讨论了这种控制器 的特点和发展前途.     

Single-longitudinal-mode fiber ring laser employing an equivalent phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating

A novel single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) fiber ring laser that incorporates an equivalent phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating acting as an ultra-narrow bandpass filter in the laser cavity is proposed. The equivalent phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating has an ultra-narrow transmission bandwidth which ensures an SLM lasing. Stable SLM operation without mode hopping is demonstrated.     

An experimental study of carrier heating on channel noise in deep-submicrometer NMOSFETs via body bias

In this paper, RF noise in 0.18-mum NMOSFETs concerning the contribution of carrier heating and hot carrier effect is characterized and analyzed in detail via a novel approach that modulates the channel carrier heating and number of hot carriers using body bias. We confirm qualitatively a negligible role of hot carrier effect on the channel noise in deep-submicrometer MOSFETs. For a device under reverse body bias (V_b), even though the increase in hot carrier population is clearly characterized by dc measurements, the device high-frequency noise is found to be irrelevant to the increase in the channel hot carriers. Experimental results show that the high-frequency noise is slightly reduced with the increase in |V_b|, and can be qualitatively explained by secondary effects such as the suppression of nonequilibrium channel noise and substrate induced noise. The reduction of NF_min and R_n with the increase in |V_b| may provide a possible methodology to finely adjust the device high-frequency noise performance for circuit design     

Preparation of flexible polyhedral particles via concentrated emulsion templating polymerization

This paper presents recent efforts on the preparation of flexible polyhedral particles via concentrated emulsion templating polymerization in which the hydrophilic monomer (acrylamide) and hydrophobic monomer (butyl acrylate) are polymerized simultaneously in the continuous and dispersed phase, respectively. Such templating polymerization has been enhanced in our systems owing to the introduction of acrylamide monomer and their higher polymerization rate in continuous phase as compared with butyl acrylate in dispersed phase. Diffusion between the different phases was also inhibited. Furthermore, the stability of the concentrated emulsion and the molecular weight of the produced poly(butyl acrylate) were found to be significantly affected by the amount of redox initiator. The morphology of the particles could be controlled by varying the volume fraction of the dispersed phase and the polyhedral particles were achieved at higher volume fraction. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

川西低渗气藏单井地应力计算方法综合研究

四川盆地新场气田是一个低孔低渗的裂缝性砂岩气田，储层物性差，自然产能低，需经压裂后才能投产，压裂后气井增加的产能与压裂的效果密切相关。提前认识储层当前地应力的特征，有助于压裂设计时确定裂缝产状、缝长、缝宽等参数，减少储层水力压裂改造的盲目性，降低中、低渗透油气田开发的风险。通过大量测井资料的计算，确定了新场气田储层地应力的大小和方向，并综合采用微地震测量、岩石声发射资料、古地磁等岩心测试资料和水力压裂等多种方法进行交互验证，各种方法求得的地应力特征十分相近，说明利用测井资料求取储集层地应力原理简单，计算结果符合实际的地应力特征，是一种低风险研究计算储层地应力特征的方法，可以用于指导低渗透油气田的井网部署和储层的单井压裂改造。     

Effects of grain sizes, shapes, and distribution on minimum sizes of representative volume elements of cubic polycrystals

In the literature the concept of representative volume element (RVE) was introduced to correlate the effective or macroscopic properties of materials with the properties of the microscopic constituents and microscopic structures of the materials. However, to date little quantitative knowledge is available about minimum RVE sizes of various engineering materials. In our recent paper [J. Mech. Phys. Solids 50 (2002) 881], a new definition of minimum RVE size was introduced based on the concept of nominal modulus. Numerical experiments using the finite element method (FEM) were then carried out for determining the minimum RVE sizes of more than 500 cubic polycrystals in the plane stress problem, under the assumption that all grains in a polycrystal have the same square shape––called the simple polycrystal model. The major finding is that the minimum RVE sizes for effective elastic moduli have a roughly linear dependence on crystal anisotropy degrees. The present paper takes into account the effect of grain sizes, shapes, and distribution on the minimum RVE sizes for real cubic polycrystals that are formed by crystallization processes. Similar roughly linear dependence is found again, with the slope about 19% lower than that in the simple polycrystal model. This finding is interesting and useful because numerical experiments on minimum RVE sizes for a large number of crystals are quite time-consuming and the simple polycrystal model reduces significantly the FEM pre- and post-processing works. This should be particularly true in numerically testing minimum RVE sizes for three-dimensional polycrystals and for nonelastic properties in future works. With a maximum relative error 5%, all the polycrystals tested have a minimum RVE size of 16 or less times the grain size.     

电信大客户业务组网现状分析

前言随着电信市场竞争越来越激烈,各种电信业务资费呈下降趋势,因此大客户原来主要采用低速专线来组织其内部通信网的方式也发生变化,逐渐采用高速的2M电路或者LAN专线、VPN等IP电路进行组网。目前大客户主要分布在金融、政府、行政、外企、交通等行业,其采用运营商电路来组织其内部通信网络以满足中心网点与各个分支网点、分支机构的语音、数     

Tile-boundary artifact reduction using odd tile size and the low-pass first convention.

It is well known that tile-boundary artifacts occur in wavelet-based lossy image coding. However, until now, their cause has not been understood well. In this paper, we show that boundary artifacts are an inescapable consequence of the usual methods used to choose tile size and the type of symmetric extension employed in a wavelet-based image decomposition system. This paper presents a novel method for reducing these tile-boundary artifacts. The method employs odd tile sizes (2N + 1 samples) rather than the conventional even tile sizes (2N samples). It is shown that, for the same bit rate, an image compressed using an odd tile length low-pass first (OTLPF) convention has significantly less boundary artifacts than an image compressed using even tile sizes. The OTLPF convention can also be incorporated into the JPEG 2000 image compression algorithm using extensions defined in Part 2 of this standard.     

超声波流量计计量系统性能的主要影响因素

随着我国天然气工业的发展，已有大量超声波流量计用于高压、大流量的天然气计量。尽管我国已于2001年颁布并实施了气体超声波流量计使用方面的国家标准GB/T18604-2001，但是随着超声波流量计越来越广泛的使用，国内外对超声波流量计计量性能的影响因素已有了进一步的研究；而且，目前我国超声波流量计在天然气计量中的应用效果也还需要进一步改善。因此，根据目前国、内外最新研究成果，对噪声、脏污、压力及温度测量对超声波流量计计量系统性能的主要影响因素以及控制对策进行了分析探讨，以期改变虽经实验室检定合格、但用于现场却不能达到预期计量性能效果的情况，使超声波流量计在现场能够得到更好的应用。