全文获取类型
收费全文 | 701篇 |
免费 | 71篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
化学工业 | 296篇 |
金属工艺 | 8篇 |
机械仪表 | 34篇 |
建筑科学 | 14篇 |
矿业工程 | 3篇 |
能源动力 | 9篇 |
轻工业 | 233篇 |
水利工程 | 1篇 |
石油天然气 | 9篇 |
无线电 | 8篇 |
一般工业技术 | 70篇 |
冶金工业 | 17篇 |
自动化技术 | 66篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 12篇 |
2022年 | 76篇 |
2021年 | 71篇 |
2020年 | 35篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 28篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 25篇 |
2014年 | 46篇 |
2013年 | 38篇 |
2012年 | 42篇 |
2011年 | 54篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 29篇 |
2008年 | 21篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1941年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有772条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Renata Różyło Stanisław Rudy Andrzej Krzykowski Dariusz Dziki Urszula Gawlik‐Dziki Krzysztof Różyło Stanisław Skonecki 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2015,50(2):313-322
This study demonstrates new possibilities in using freeze‐dried buckwheat sourdoughs in the processing of gluten‐free bread (GFB). Fresh and freeze‐dried (at temperatures of 20, 40 and 60 °C) sourdoughs were added in the amounts of 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the total flour content. Significant and beneficial changes in the quality of bread under the influence of different quantities of fresh and freeze‐dried sourdoughs additive were observed. Freeze‐dried buckwheat sourdoughs at the level of 20 and 30% gave the best baking results for GFB. pH of bread significantly changed, which had a positive effect on increasing its suitability for the storage. Buckwheat sourdough dried at 40 °C is the most highly recommended for GFB processing. Higher temperatures (60 °C) caused the least change in bread volume; however, a bitter aftertaste from burning was slightly detectable. Freeze‐dried buckwheat sourdoughs can be used directly in processing, thus eliminating the long fermentation of sourdough. 相似文献
102.
103.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and MTAD solutions on the surface of gutta‐percha and Resilon cones by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Accessory cones were washed and dried. The cones were randomly divided into six groups: gutta‐percha immersed in NaOCl, CHX, and MTAD, and Resilon immersed in NaOCl, CHX, and MTAD. AFM images of the same area were made in different periods of time. JPK? Image Processing Software was used to evaluate the images. The parameters used to evaluate the changes were RMS and line profiles. No statistically significant change was observed in the RMS values. The line profiles detected changes only for gutta‐percha surfaces after immersion in NaOCl and MTAD solutions. In conclusion, 5.25% NaOCl and MTAD are associated with local changes in surface roughness of gutta‐percha cones. No change was observed when 2% CHX was used. The use of all tested solutions did not produce any changes on Resilon surface. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:791–795, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
104.
Follicular development and morphological changes in the vaginal epithelium during the estrous cycle of Galea spixii 下载免费PDF全文
Amilton Cesar dos Santos Diego Carvalho Viana Gleidson Benevides Oliveira Renata Santos Silva Moacir Franco Oliveira Antônio Chaves Assis‐Neto 《Microscopy research and technique》2017,80(2):167-176
The current study aimed to determine if characteristics observed in vaginal cytology during the estrous cycle of female SYT cavies corresponded with proliferation of the vaginal epithelium, characterized by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunolocalization, and with follicular development at different phases of the estrous cycle. After determining estrous cycle phases by vaginal cytology, females were euthanized at metestrus, diestrus, proestrus, and estrus. Histological study of the vaginal epithelium and ovary were then performed. Immunohistochemistry for PCNA in vaginal tissue at each cycle phase was also performed. Superficial cornified cells and early post‐ovulatory follicles were found at estrus. Few nuclei below the enucleate superficial cells were immunoreactive to PCNA. At metestrus, the vaginal epithelium underwent desquamation and lost the superficial cornified cells; basal and intermediate cells appeared, and the post‐ovulatory follicle formed an early corpus luteum. No PCNA immunoreactivity was observed. At diestrus, the corpus luteum was developed, and the vaginal epithelium contained basal and intermediate cells. There was PCNA immunoreactivity in the cellular nucleus in the germinative stratum of the epithelium. Because of the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, the vaginal epithelium suffered intense proliferation at proestrus. Vaginal cytology revealed large intermediate cells and nucleated and enucleated superficial cornified cells. In the ovary, mature follicles were present. More apparent immunoreactivity of PCNA in the germinative layer was found. In summary, we inferred that vaginal exfoliative findings matched the proliferation process of the vaginal epithelium. PCNA immunolocalization occurred as well as corresponding follicular development in the ovaries. 相似文献
105.
Polymer/clay composite hydrogels were prepared based on PVA hydrogels containing 3–10 wt.‐% MOM. Their microstructure and morphology were studied by FT‐IR, WAXS and SEM, whereas the interactions between MOM and PVA were evaluated by thermal analyses. The swelling ratios for the PVA/MOM hydrogels decrease with increasing MOM content. WAXS results indicate that MOM was intercalates, and DSC results show a strong interaction between PVA and MOM. This interaction results in a stable network, which is confirmed by the elastic modulus and the thermal decomposition behavior of the hydrogels. Therefore, MOM acts as a co‐crosslinker, improving the stability of the network.
106.
Cd accumulation in cultures of Scenedesmus vacuolatus, a freshwater alga, was investigated in water samples from freshwater systems (two hard- and one softwater system) and compared to accumulation from synthetic culture medium. The Cd accumulation in S. vacuolatus was compared to total, labile, and free Cd measured by various analytical methods. In the hardwater samples, Cd accumulation was similar to accumulation from the culture medium and approximately followed the free ion activity model. In the softwater system, Cd accumulation increased with increasing free and total Cd concentrations, but was lower than expected from the free Cd2+ concentrations compared to the other freshwaters and culture media. Cd accumulation in the various freshwaters was not simply related to labile and free Cd concentrations measured by several methods. From experiments using fulvic acid as a ligand in the culture medium, no influence on Cd accumulation other than by modifying the Cd speciation was detected. Modeling of the Cd uptake revealed that besides cation and proton competition, other factors such as dissolved organic carbon composition and the presence of colloids might reduce Cd accumulation in softwater systems. 相似文献
107.
Oracz K Bailly C Gniazdowska A Côme D Corbineau F Bogatek R 《Journal of chemical ecology》2007,33(2):251-264
The aim of this study was to investigate the phytotoxic effect of sunflower on physiological and biochemical processes during
germination of mustard seeds (Sinapis alba L. cv. Nakielska). To exclude the involvement of osmotic stress in seed reaction to phytotoxic compounds, we compared the
effect of 10% (w/v) water extract from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Ogrodowy) leaves and 28.4% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 solution characterized by an equal Ψ = −1 MPa. We evaluated (1) the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2); (2) activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase; (3) membrane permeability;
and (4) level of malondialdehyde (MDA). Both, sunflower compounds and PEG solutions inhibited mustard seed germination, but
only phytotoxins caused an increase in the cell membrane permeability, MDA level, H2O2 concentration, and alterations in activities of antioxidant enzymes. Our results demonstrate that despite the activation
of the antioxidant system by sunflower phytotoxins, reactive oxygen species accumulation caused cellular damage, which resulted
in the decrease of germinability and gradual loss of seed vigor. It seems that the negative effect of sunflower on germination
of mustard seeds is mostly because of its toxicity and not to its contribution to osmotic potential. 相似文献
108.
Renata de A. B. Assis Cíntia H. D. Sagawa Paulo A. Zaini Houston J. Saxe Phillip A. Wilmarth Brett S. Phinney Michelle Salemi Leandro M. Moreira Abhaya M. Dandekar 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(19)
Walnut blight is a significant above-ground disease of walnuts caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj). The secreted form of chorismate mutase (CM), a key enzyme of the shikimate pathway regulating plant immunity, is highly conserved between plant-associated beta and gamma proteobacteria including phytopathogens belonging to the Xanthomonadaceae family. To define its role in walnut blight disease, a dysfunctional mutant of chorismate mutase was created in a copper resistant strain Xaj417 (XajCM). Infections of immature walnut Juglans regia (Jr) fruit with XajCM were hypervirulent compared with infections with the wildtype Xaj417 strain. The in vitro growth rate, size and cellular morphology were similar between the wild-type and XajCM mutant strains, however the quantification of bacterial cells by dPCR within walnut hull tissues showed a 27% increase in XajCM seven days post-infection. To define the mechanism of hypervirulence, proteome analysis was conducted to compare walnut hull tissues inoculated with the wild type to those inoculated with the XajCM mutant strain. Proteome analysis revealed 3296 Jr proteins (five decreased and ten increased with FDR ≤ 0.05) and 676 Xaj417 proteins (235 increased in XajCM with FDR ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, the most abundant protein in Xaj was a polygalacturonase, while in Jr it was a polygalacturonase inhibitor. These results suggest that this secreted chorismate mutase may be an important virulence suppressor gene that regulates Xaj417 virulence response, allowing for improved bacterial survival in the plant tissues. 相似文献
109.
Renata Voltolini Velho Eliane Taube Jalid Sehouli Sylvia Mechsner 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(23)
Endometriosis (EM) is an estrogen-dependent disease characterized by the presence of epithelial, stromal, and smooth muscle cells outside the uterine cavity. It is a chronic and debilitating condition affecting ~10% of women. EM is characterized by infertility and pain, such as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, dysuria, and dyschezia. Although EM was first described in 1860, its aetiology and pathogenesis remain uncertain. Recent evidence demonstrates that the peripheral nervous system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of this disease. Sensory nerves, which surround and innervate endometriotic lesions, not only drive the chronic and debilitating pain associated with EM but also contribute to a growth phenotype by secreting neurotrophic factors and interacting with surrounding immune cells. Here we review the role that peripheral nerves play in driving and maintaining endometriotic lesions. A better understanding of the role of this system, as well as its interactions with immune cells, will unearth novel disease-relevant pathways and targets, providing new therapeutics and better-tailored treatment options. 相似文献
110.
Tatiane Vanessa da Silva SantosAuthor Vitae Renata Roland TeixeiraAuthor Vitae Diego Leoni FrancoAuthor Vitae 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2012,32(3):530-535
The aim of this study is the development of a novel bioelectrode based on the immobilization of a specific antibody for salivary amylase onto a graphite electrode modified with poly(3-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid. For this purpose, human salivary alpha-amylase was applied to an immunoaffinity-purified anti-alpha-amylase polyclonal antibody. The bioelectrode was incubated with salivary amylase or lysozyme (interfering salivary), and the interaction between the antibody and the enzymes was analyzed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results indicated the specificity of the bioelectrode to salivary alpha-amylase. Therefore, the combination of the graphite electrode with poly(3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) appears to be a promising strategy for antigen immobilization and other biological recognition elements, thus presenting the potential for the production of a label-free biochip. 相似文献