Malnutrition is a significant factor in predicting cancer patients?? quality of life (QoL). We systematically reviewed the literature on the role of nutritional status in predicting QoL in cancer. We searched MEDLINE database using the terms ??nutritional status?? in combination with ??quality of life?? together with ??cancer??. Human studies published in English, having nutritional status as one of the predictor variables, and QoL as one of the outcome measures were included. Of the 26 included studies, 6 investigated head and neck cancer, 8 gastrointestinal, 1 lung, 1 gynecologic and 10 heterogeneous cancers. 24 studies concluded that better nutritional status was associated with better QoL, 1 study showed that better nutritional status was associated with better QoL only in high-risk patients, while 1 study concluded that there was no association between nutritional status and QoL. Nutritional status is a strong predictor of QoL in cancer patients. We recommend that more providers implement the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) guidelines for oncology patients, which includes nutritional screening, nutritional assessment and intervention as appropriate. Correcting malnutrition may improve QoL in cancer patients, an important outcome of interest to cancer patients, their caregivers, and families. 相似文献
Silicon - We designed a new model tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) based on Triple Heterojunction Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (THJ-TFET) is investigated and designed in this paper. This... 相似文献
The aim of the present work was to test the effects of large-dose supplementation of vitamin E (Vit E) and selenium (Se),
either singly or in combination, on fish oil (FO)-induced tissue lipid peroxidation and hyperlipidemia. The supplementation
of Se has been shown to lower blood cholesterol and increase tissue concentrations of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH); however,
the effects of Se supplementation, either alone or in combination with supplemental Vit E, on FO-induced oxidative stress
and hyperlipidemia have not been studied. Male Syrian hamsters received FO-based diets that contained 14.3 wt% fat and 0.46
wt% cholesterol supplemented with Vit E (129 IU d-α-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet) and/or Se (3.4 ppm as sodium selenate) or that contained basal requirements of both nutrients.
The cardiac tissue of hamsters fed supplemental Se showed increased concentrations of lipid hydroperoxides (LPO) but decreased
oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations. The higher concentrations of LPO in the hearts of Se-supplemented hamsters were
not lowered with concurrent Vit E supplementation. In the liver, Se supplementation was associated with higher Se-dependent
glutathione peroxidase activity and an increase in the GSH/GSSG ratio, whereas a lower hepatic non-Se-dependent glutathione
peroxidase activity was seen with Vit E supplementation. Supplemental intake of Se was associated with lower plasma concentrations
of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol plus very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. In view of the
pro-oxidative effects of Se supplementation on cardiac tissue, a cautionary approach needs to be taken regarding the plasma
lipid-lowering properties of supplemental Se. 相似文献
Performance data are presented for methane oxidation on alumina-supported Pd, Pt, and Rh catalysts under both fuel-rich and fuel-lean conditions. Catalyst activity was measured in a micro-scale isothermal reactor at temperatures between 300 and 800 °C. Non-isothermal (near adiabatic) temperature and reaction data were obtained in a full-length (non-differential) sub-scale reactor operating at high pressure (0.9 MPa) and constant inlet temperature, simulating actual reactor operation in catalytic combustion applications.
Under fuel-lean conditions, Pd catalyst was the most active, although deactivation occurred above 650 °C, with reactivation upon cooling. Rh catalyst also deactivated above 750 °C, but did not reactivate. Pt catalyst was active above 600 °C. Fuel-lean reaction products were CO2 and H2O for all three catalysts.
The same catalysts tested under fuel-rich conditions demonstrated much higher activity. In addition, a ‘lightoff’ temperature was found (between 450 and 600 °C), where a stepwise increase in reaction rate was observed. Following ‘lightoff’ partial oxidation products (CO, H2) appeared in the mixture, and their concentration increased with increasing temperature. All three catalysts exhibited this behavior.
High-pressure (0.9 MPa) sub-scale reactor and combustor data are shown, demonstrating the benefits of fuel-rich operation over the catalyst for ultra-low emissions combustion. 相似文献
In recent years, electrical techniques like microdielectrometry have increasingly been utilized for their ability to continuously monitor, in a nondestructive way, the advancement of the reaction of thermoset resins under cure. This paper discusses an extension of this technique for the “in‐situ” monitoring of the crystallization of thermoplastics applied during an injection molding process. Electric sensors were positioned at the walls of the mold cavity so that an analysis of the volume dielectric properties of material during the filling, the post‐filling, and the cooling steps could be carried out. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) was chosen for this study. A correlation between the evolution of the dielectric parameters and the succession of the steps in this process was undertaken. The dielectric response was sufficiently sensitive to identify the steps of the closing of the mold, filling, post‐filling, cooling, and ejection of the part. In addition, information concerning the crystallization phenomenon near the wall or in the middle of the sample was collected. The gradual filling of the cavity of the mold was also identified by dielectric measurements. The temperature dependence of dielectric properties of the sample was beneficial in evaluating the increase of the temperature of the mold with the succession of injection cycles. The influence of the packing pressure has been clearly identified and confirms the usefulness of the dielectric method as a probe for detecting the shrinkage of the part during the optimization phase of the machine parameters. The dielectric method detailed herein provides a new non‐invasive technique and could be applied to a closed‐loop control of the injection molding process. 相似文献
Magnetic particle mediated transport in combination with nanomaterial based drug carrier has a great potential for targeted cancer therapy. In this study, doxorubicin encapsulation into the apoferritin and its conjugation with magnetic particles was investigated by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF). The quantification of encapsulated doxorubicin was performed by fluorescence spectroscopy and compared to CE-LIF. Moreover, the significant enhancement of the doxorubicin signal was observed by addition of methanol into the sample solution. 相似文献
Polymers are currently widely used to replace a variety of natural materials with respect to their favourable physical and chemical properties, and due to their economic advantage. One of the most important branches of application of polymers is the production of different products for medical use. In this case, it is necessary to face a significant disadvantage of polymer products due to possible and very common colonization of the surface by various microorganisms that can pose a potential danger to the patient. One of the possible solutions is to prepare polymer with antibacterial/antimicrobial properties that is resistant to bacterial colonization. The aim of this study was to contribute to the development of antimicrobial polymeric material ideal for covering vascular implants with subsequent use in transplant surgery. Therefore, the complexes of polymeric substances (hyaluronic acid and chitosan) with silver nitrate or silver phosphate nanoparticles were created, and their effects on gram-positive bacterial culture of Staphylococcus aureus were monitored. Stages of formation of complexes of silver nitrate and silver phosphate nanoparticles with polymeric compounds were characterized using electrochemical and spectrophotometric methods. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of complexes was determined using the methods of determination of growth curves and zones of inhibition. The results of this study revealed that the complex of chitosan, with silver phosphate nanoparticles, was the most suitable in order to have an antibacterial effect on bacterial culture of Staphylococcus aureus. Formation of this complex was under way at low concentrations of chitosan. The results of electrochemical determination corresponded with the results of spectrophotometric methods and verified good interaction and formation of the complex. The complex has an outstanding antibacterial effect and this effect was of several orders higher compared to other investigated complexes. 相似文献