The magnetic domain and properties of amorphous ribbons

The magnetic behavior of Fe78B13Si9amorphous ribbons has been investigated by means of observations of the magnetic domains and measurements of the magnetization curves and core losses. The Fe78B13Si9samples, which were 10 mm wide and approximately 25 μm thick, were annealed under 10^-3torr, from 200°C to 425°C, in a dc magnetic field of 1600 A/m directed along the ribbon length. The magnetic domains formed simple 180° patterns parallel to the ribbon length, and the ribbons showed the best quality magnetic properties after magnetic field annealing at 350°C. After annealing below this temperature, the domain patterns and magnetic properties of the samples were similar to those of the as-cast ribbons. In contrast, after a magnetic field annealing above 400°C, the domain patterns distorted, and the magnetic properties deteriorated. The resultant air-pockets and holes on the surfaces of the amorphous ribbons trapped the magnetic domains and caused distorted domain patterns. In the stress pattern observed on the convex side of a bent amorphous ribbon, the domain width narrowed as the bending radius was increased.     

A 5291‐ppi organic light‐emitting diode display using field‐effect transistors including a c‐axis aligned crystalline oxide semiconductor

C‐axis‐aligned crystalline‐oxide semiconductor field‐effect transistor (CAAC‐OS FET) can be scaled down to a width and a length of 60 nm. We fabricated an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) display with more than 5000 ppi, which is required in virtual reality (VR) display applications, using CAAC‐OS FETs as the backplane.     

Structures and catalytic properties of magnesium molybdate in the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkanes

Magnesium molybdates have been prepared from an aqueous solution of magnesium nitrate and ammonium paramolybdate under various pH conditions and used for the selective oxidation of propane and isobutane with gaseous oxygen under atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 360–520°C. The structure analyses by XRD and FT-IR showed the formation of three phases, -MgMoO₄, -MgMoO₄ and Mg₂Mo₃O₁₁, in the catalysts calcined below 550°C. The catalyst prepared at pH=5.7 showed the highest activity for the oxidative dehydrogenation of the alkanes as well as the strongest acidity. By XPS measurements, an excess amount of Mo compared to Mg was observed over the active catalysts. It is likely that the excess molybdenum species is present as molybdate and creates acidic sites over the catalyst surface.     

Convergence Analysis for Symmetric Arbitration Games FOA and DOA

Up to now, results on the existence of Nash equilibrium have required either continuity of payoff functions or compactness of strategy sets. However, in the arbitration games FOA and DOA, neither condition is satisfied. This paper first gives a new existence result for a general game. The result is then applied to the symmetric arbitration games FOA and DOA. The conclusions of this paper generalize the main result of Zeng, Nakamura and Ibaraki (1996), that DOA leads to a convergence of offers but FOA does not.     

The crystallization of Gd2 3 -Al2O3 glasses

Glasses of Gd₂O₃ · x Al₂O₃ compositions where x represents 5/3, 4 and 6, were prepared using a rapid quenching apparatus and a laser beam. The crystallization process of the glasses was studied by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy. The crystallizations of Gd₂O₃ · 5/3Al₂O₃, Gd₂O₃ · 4Al₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃ · 6Al₂O₃ are complex and exhibit one, two and three exothermic peaks in DTA measurement with increasing Al₂O₃ concentration, respectively. The crystallization process of Gd₂O₃ · 5/3Al₂O₃ glass involved the direct formation of the gadolinium aluminium garnet, 3Gd₂O₃ · 5l_{2 3} (GdAG), which is not obtained by the ordinary solid phase reaction. After crystallization of Gd₂O₃ · 4Al₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃ · l_{2 3} glass, both phases become a mixture of Gd₂O₃ · Al₂O₃ (perovskite type) and -Al₂O₃.     

Characterisation of HyperCoals from coals of various ranks

Ashless coals (HyperCoal) produced by thermal extraction of coals of different ranks with 1-methylnaphthalene at temperatures from 300 to 420 °C for 60 min were characterised. HyperCoal has many light components that are easily volatised and decomposed, and it has high thermal reactivity. All the HyperCoals showed high thermoplasticity during heating; in particular, HyperCoals obtained from low-rank Pasir and Mulia coals showed high thermoplasticity beginning at temperatures near 150 °C. On increasing the extraction temperature for Pasir sub-bituminous coal, the weight loss during heating decreased and the resolidification temperature shifted to higher temperatures. These results suggest that the Pasir-HyperCoal obtained at higher temperatures contains more, relatively heavy components. Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements showed that the ratio of aromatic carbon increased with increasing extraction temperature, indicating that some modification reactions occurred.     

A study on the preparation of supported metal oxide catalysts using JRC-reference catalysts. I. Preparation of a molybdena–alumina catalyst. Part 3. Drying process

In the present part of the group study on the preparation of 13 wt% MoO₃/Al₂O₃, the effects of drying processes were investigated on the physicochemical and catalytic properties. Two series of catalysts were prepared by a conventional impregnation technique and by an equilibrium adsorption method using a common extrudate support. XPS and EPMA results demonstrated that the distribution of Mo oxide species in extrudates was strongly affected by drying processes. A rapid drying, in particular at a reduced pressure, was found to induce a strong segregation of Mo oxides on the outer surface of the extrudates, forming a sharp egg shell type distribution of Mo. On the other hand, drying under static conditions produced a moderate egg shell type distribution, suggesting that a slow drying rate is favorable for a homogeneous distribution of Mo. The equilibrium adsorption technique was found to provide considerably flat Mo profiles inside the extrudates except for the utmost surfaces where Mo concentrations increased steeply.     

Increased Risk of Aortic Dissection with Perlecan Deficiency

Perlecan (HSPG2), a basement membrane-type heparan sulfate proteoglycan, has been implicated in the development of aortic tissue. However, its role in the development and maintenance of the aortic wall remains unknown. Perlecan-deficient mice (Hspg2^−/−-Tg: Perl KO) have been found to show a high frequency (15–35%) of aortic dissection (AD). Herein, an analysis of the aortic wall of Perl KO mice revealed that perlecan deficiency caused thinner and partially torn elastic lamina. Compared to the control aortic tissue, perlecan-deficient aortic tissue showed a significant decrease in desmosine content and an increase in soluble tropoelastin levels, implying the presence of immature elastic fibers in Perl KO mice. Furthermore, the reduced expression of the smooth muscle cell contractile proteins actin and myosin in perlecan-deficient aortic tissue may explain the risk of AD. This study showed that a deficiency in perlecan, which is localized along the elastic lamina and at the interface between elastin and fibrillin-1, increased the risk of AD, largely due to the immaturity of extracellular matrix in the aortic tissue. Overall, we proposed a new model of AD that considers the deficiency of extracellular molecule perlecan as a risk factor.     

Damped oscillation of liquid column in vertical U-tube for Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids

Damped oscillation of Newtonian liquid in a vertical U-tube is one of the well known phenomena and the solutionof this liquid motion for the laminar flow regime in the circular pipe was solved,however,generally speaking,even if the period of the oscillational motion by this solution is nearly coincided with that of the experimental re-sult,the estimation of the damped oscillational process with lapse of time by the solved equation is not in agree-ment with that of the experimental result.Therefore basing upon the experimental results of the velocity distribu-tions of the oscillational motion in the circular U-tube for the Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids,the velocitydistribution of the Bingham plastic flow is assumed.The solutions of the damped oscillation and also of the ver-tical falling and rising velocities of the free surface in the vertical U-tube of the diameters D=10mm,20mm and40mm are compared with water and water-glycerine solution for the Newtonian liquids and the acrylicco-polymer solutions for the non-Newtonian liquid.The comparisons of these solved equations by the new flowmodel are shown in good agreement with the experimental results.The above stated results are described indetail.