The design of Cellular Manufacturing Systems (CMS) has attained the significant attention of academicians and practitioners over the last three decades. Minimizing intercellular movements while maximizing utilization of machines are the main objectives of interest in designing CMS and are considered in present research. In this paper, the drawbacks of former neural networks-based approaches to cell formation are discussed. The standard version of cell formation problem is formulated and a 'Transiently Chaotic Neural Network' (TCNN) with supplementary procedures is introduced as a powerful rival. A simplified network is constructed. After developing the related equations the approach is tested using the proposed algorithm with 18 problems selected from literature. The results are compared with various other approaches including ART1, Extended-ART1, Ortho-Synapse Hopfield Neural Network (OSHN), etc. The main advantages of our proposed method are: (1) the ability to avoid the local optima trap, (2) the ability to solve problems of different sizes with the same set of values for parameters, and (3) the less computation time. The results also indicate considerable improvement in grouping efficiency through the proposed approach. 相似文献
The study analyses the fuelwood characteristics of 26 trees including shrub species from the dry deciduous forest in Aravally region, Rajasthan, Western India was carried out to explore trees with potential for fuelwood production. Fuelwood value index (FVI) based on the properties of calorific value, wood density and ash. Calorific value was ranged between 18.54 ± 0.04 and 27.44 ± 0.09 KJ g−1 in Jatropha curcus and Wrightia tinctoria respectively. Wood density varied from 0.538 ± 0.01 to 0.966 ± 0.07 g/cm3 in J. curcus and Acacia nilotica. Same way ash and moisture content was highest in J. curcus (3.38 ± 0.19%) and Sterculia urens (70.28 ± 7.52%) and lowest in Miliusa tomentosa (0.85 ± 0.06%) and Azadirachta indica (30.7 ± 10.02%) respectively. On the basis, of the 26 species analyzed, M. tomentosa has the highest FVI, followed by Lannea coromandelica, Acacia leucophloea, Madhuca indica, A. nilotica, W. tinctoria, Butea monosperma, Zizyphus nummularia, S. urens, Boswellia serrata, A. indica, Grewia tenax, Syzygium cuminii, Tectona grandis and Dalbergia sissoo were shown to have promising fuelwood production. 相似文献
The direct α‐Csp2 H functionalization and thiomethylation of α‐oxoketene dithioacetals (DTAs) has been accomplished with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the presence of iodine and a copper(I) salt for the first time. A prerequisite is the in situ iodination of the α‐Csp2 atom of dithioacetals that could offer other reaction channels. The operationally simple one‐pot protocol includes region‐defined consecutive iodination and sulfenylation of the challenging α‐Csp2 H bond of dithioacetals employing cheap and readily available reagents. DMSO here plays a dual role as thiomethyl source and solvent.
Au-modified CdS nanorods (100–200 nm × 5–10 nm) are synthesized via two different techniques, namely photodeposition and doping. The prepared samples are characterized by x-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the hexagonal phase of bare and Au-CdS samples, whereas, 5 wt% Au3+ doping into CdS resulted in a slight distortion in the crystal structure toward higher degree side. TEM images revealed the fine distribution of Au nanodeposits of size in the range of 2.5–4.5 nm on to the CdS surface in the photodeposited sample. The optical spectrum shows a significant red-shift in absorption onset (485 nm → 515 nm) and band-edge emission (505 nm → 512 nm) of CdS nanorods with the replacement of certain Cd2+ ions with Au3+. The influence of Au photodeposition and doping in CdS nanorods was comparatively tested by photooxidation of RhB (50 ppm) dye aqueous solution under direct sunlight irradiation (35–40 mWcm?2). Our results point out that 5 wt% Au3+ doping into CdS nanorods remarkably improved its activity and stability due to homogeneous dispersion of charge throughout the crystal, quick Fermi level equilibration, and an improvement in ionic bond formation. 相似文献
The solvent transport properties of the prepared composites were analysed using solvents of varying cohesive energy density and the effect of both modified as well as unmodified filler on the sorption and diffusion behaviour of NR vulcanisates has been investigated. It is found that the equilibrium uptake decreases with increase in filler content, as anticipated owing to the restrictions offered by the filler for solvents to diffuse into the polymer matrix. The mechanism of transport in natural rubber composites was carefully tracked and it was found to exhibit an anomalous mode of solvent transport where the polymer relaxation is in par with the rate of diffusion. Theoretical modelling of the swelling parameters was done and the results were found to be in agreement with existing models. The excellent swelling resistance coupled with the simultaneous improvement in mechanical properties would definitely pave way for the utilisation of these composites as barrier membranes. 相似文献