全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3993篇 |
免费 | 89篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 122篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
化学工业 | 453篇 |
金属工艺 | 74篇 |
机械仪表 | 68篇 |
建筑科学 | 121篇 |
矿业工程 | 8篇 |
能源动力 | 46篇 |
轻工业 | 415篇 |
水利工程 | 21篇 |
石油天然气 | 7篇 |
无线电 | 265篇 |
一般工业技术 | 458篇 |
冶金工业 | 1462篇 |
原子能技术 | 36篇 |
自动化技术 | 529篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 45篇 |
2020年 | 32篇 |
2019年 | 50篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 40篇 |
2014年 | 68篇 |
2013年 | 184篇 |
2012年 | 116篇 |
2011年 | 143篇 |
2010年 | 127篇 |
2009年 | 102篇 |
2008年 | 140篇 |
2007年 | 139篇 |
2006年 | 118篇 |
2005年 | 94篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 93篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 58篇 |
2000年 | 71篇 |
1999年 | 104篇 |
1998年 | 361篇 |
1997年 | 219篇 |
1996年 | 146篇 |
1995年 | 98篇 |
1994年 | 93篇 |
1993年 | 102篇 |
1992年 | 49篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 41篇 |
1989年 | 50篇 |
1988年 | 36篇 |
1987年 | 40篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 54篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 41篇 |
1982年 | 46篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 42篇 |
1979年 | 30篇 |
1978年 | 31篇 |
1977年 | 38篇 |
1976年 | 65篇 |
1975年 | 32篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1972年 | 24篇 |
1971年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有4087条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
41.
Alpass Fiona; Flett Ross; Humphries Steve; Massey Claire; Morriss Stuart; Long Nigel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,11(3):270
Previous studies have identified a number of different farm stressors and have reported gender and age differences in levels of stress. This study aimed to determine stress experienced by New Zealand dairy farmers, particularly in relation to adoption of new technology and its relationship to age and gender. Measures of farm stress and adoption of technology were completed by 985 dairy farmers. The highest levels of stress were reported for time pressures, machinery breakdown, weather, and government policies. Stress related to new technologies occurred rarely. Women reported more stress and higher levels of stress for understanding new technologies. There was also an increase in severity of stress with age related to new technologies. Overall, stress levels were moderate and may reflect favorable economic conditions. The findings suggest a need to tailor stress interventions to meet specific needs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
42.
43.
ART-EMAP: A neural network architecture for object recognition byevidence accumulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A new neural network architecture is introduced for the recognition of pattern classes after supervised and unsupervised learning. Applications include spatio-temporal image understanding and prediction and 3D object recognition from a series of ambiguous 2D views. The architecture, called ART-EMAP, achieves a synthesis of adaptive resonance theory (ART) and spatial and temporal evidence integration for dynamic predictive mapping (EMAP). ART-EMAP extends the capabilities of fuzzy ARTMAP in four incremental stages. Stage 1 introduces distributed pattern representation at a view category field. Stage 2 adds a decision criterion to the mapping between view and object categories, delaying identification of ambiguous objects when faced with a low confidence prediction. Stage 3 augments the system with a field where evidence accumulates in medium-term memory. Stage 4 adds an unsupervised learning process to fine-tune performance after the limited initial period of supervised network training. Each ART-EMAP stage is illustrated with a benchmark simulation example, using both noisy and noise-free data. 相似文献
44.
ABSTRACT Several investigators have developed hierarchically structured maximal covering location problems, especially for hierarchies with two levels such as clinics and hospitals: Moore and ReVelle developed and applied a hierarchical covering model to a medical service delivery problem in Houduras; and Church and Falon developed two alternate model forms of hierarchical covering that were applied to a medical services planning, problem in Colombia. In this paper, we proposed a hybrid formulation that encompasses all three of these previous models and which allows for the trade-off of up of four different objectives. This new model formulation is also an improvement in that it has a significantly more efficient and compact structure, even while encompassing a more complete location problem, of which the three previous works are special cases. Example solutions are given for two different data sels involving regions in Colombia and Uganda. In addition, two further model formulations of a closely related nature are presented without computational results. 相似文献
45.
Chronic bone infection, as attends periodontitis, is often complicated by severe osteolysis. While LPS is believed to be central to the pathogenesis of the osteolytic lesion, the mechanisms by which this bacteria-derived molecule promotes bone resorption are unknown. We find that LPS induces bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) to express c-src, a protooncogene product that we demonstrate is a specific marker of commitment to the osteoclast phenotype. We next turned to possible soluble mediators of LPS-induced c-src. Of a number of osteoclastogenic cytokines tested, only TNF-alpha mirrors the c-src-enhancing effect of LPS. Suggesting that LPS augmentation of c-src is TNF-mediated, endotoxin sequentially induces BMM expression of TNF, followed by c-src. TNF and c-src expression, by cultured BMMs derived from LPS-injected mice, reflects duration of exposure to circulating endotoxin, intimating that endotoxin's effect in vivo is also mediated by TNF. Consistent with these findings, thalidomide (which antagonizes TNF action) attenuates c-src induction by LPS. An anti-TNF antibody blocks LPS enhancement of c-src mRNA, validating the cytokine's modulating role in vitro. Using BMMs of TNF receptor-deleted mice, we demonstrate that TNF induction of c-src is transmitted through the cytokine's p55, but not p75, receptor. Most importantly, LPS administered to wild-type mice prompts osteoclast precursor differentiation, manifest by profound osteoclastogenesis in marrow cultured ex vivo, and by a profusion of marrow-residing cells expressing the osteoclast marker tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, in vivo. In contrast, LPS does not substantially enhance osteoclast proliferation in mice lacking the p55TNF receptor, confirming that LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis is mediated by TNF in vivo via this receptor. Thus, therapy targeting TNF and/or its p55 receptor presents itself as a means of preventing the osteolysis of chronic bacterial infection. 相似文献
46.
Using airborne laser scanning to monitor tree migration in the boreal-alpine transition zone 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The boreal tree line is expected to advance upwards into the mountains and northwards into the tundra due to global warming. The major objective of this study was to find out if it is possible to use high-resolution airborne laser scanner data to detect very small trees — the pioneers that are pushing the tree line up into the mountains and out onto the tundra. The study was conducted in a sub-alpine/alpine environment in southeast Norway. A total of 342 small trees of Norway spruce, Scots pine, and downy birch with tree heights ranging from 0.11 to 5.20 m were precisely georeferenced and measured in field. Laser data were collected with a pulse density of 7.7 m− 2. Three different terrain models were used to process the airborne laser point cloud in order to assess the effects of different pre-processing parameters on small tree detection. Greater than 91% of all trees > 1 m tall registered positive laser height values regardless of terrain model. For smaller trees (< 1 m), positive height values were found in 5-73% of the cases, depending on the terrain model considered. For this group of trees, the highest rate of trees with positive height values was found for spruce. The more smoothed the terrain model was, the larger the portion of the trees that had positive laser height values. The accuracy of tree height derived from the laser data indicated a systematic underestimation of true tree height by 0.40 to 1.01 m. The standard deviation for the differences between laser-derived and field-measured tree heights was 0.11-0.73 m. Commission errors, i.e., the detection of terrain objects — rocks, hummocks — as trees, increased significantly as terrain smoothing increased. Thus, if no classification of objects into classes like small trees and terrain objects is possible, many non-tree objects with a positive height value cannot be separated from those actually being trees. In a monitoring context, i.e., repeated measurements over time, we argue that most other objects like terrain structures, rocks, and hummocks will remain stable over time while the trees will change as they grow and new trees are established. Thus, this study indicates that, given a high laser pulse density and a certain density of newly established trees, it would be possible to detect a sufficient portion of newly established trees over a 10 years period to claim that tree migration is taking place. 相似文献
47.
Examines the use of magnetic fields to functionally stimulate peripheral nerves. All electric fields are induced via a changing magnetic field whose flux is entirely confined within a closed magnetic circuit. Induced electric fields are simulated using a nonlinear boundary element solver. The induced fields are solved using duality theory. The accuracy of these predictions is verified by saline bath experiments. Next, the theory is applied to the stimulation of nerves using small, partially occluded ferrite and laminated vanadium permendur cores. Experiments demonstrate the successful stimulation of peripheral nerves in the African bullfrog with 11 mA, 153 mV excitations. These results offer a new vista of possibilities in the area of functional nerve stimulation. Unlike functional electric stimulation (FES), FMS does not involve any half cell reactions, and thus would not have the commensurate FES restrictions regarding balanced biphasic stimulation, strength duration balances, and oxidation issues, always exercising care that the electrodes remain in the reversible operating regime 相似文献
48.
P Morell CV Barrett JL Mason AD Toews JD Hostettler GW Knapp GK Matsushima 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,12(4-5):220-227
When C57BL/6J mice, 8 weeks of age, received 0.2% Cuprizone in their diet, extensive demyelination in corpus callosum was detectable after 3 weeks, and there was massive demyelination by 4 weeks. As expected, the accumulation of phagocytically active microglia/macrophages correlated closely with demyelination. When Cuprizone was removed from the diet, remyelination was soon initiated; after 6 weeks of recovery, myelin levels were near-normal and phagocytic cells were no longer prominent. Steady-state levels of mRNA for myelin-associated glycoprotein, myelin basic protein, and ceramide galactosyltransferase were already profoundly depressed after 1 week of Cuprizone exposure and were only 10-20% of control values after 2 weeks. Unexpectedly, upregulation of mRNA for these myelin genes did not correlate with initiation of remyelination but rather with accumulation of microglia/macrophages. After 6 weeks of exposure to Cuprizone, mRNA levels were at control levels or higher-in the face of massive demyelination. This suggests that in addition to effecting myelin removal, microglia/macrophages may simultaneously push surviving oligodendroglia or their progenitors toward myelination. 相似文献
49.
O van der Heijden HC Chiu TC Park H Takahashi VA LiVolsi JI Risinger JC Barrett A Berchuck AC Evans K Behbakht AW Menzin PC Liu I Benjamin MA Morgan SA King SC Rubin J Boyd 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,23(4):243-247
The degree and nature of patient involvement in consultations with health professionals influences problem and needs recognition and management, and public accountability. This paper suggests a framework for understanding the scope for patient involvement in such consultations. Patients are defined as co-producers of formal health services, whose potential for involvement in consultations depends on their personal rights, responsibilities and preferences. Patients' rights in consultations are poorly defined and, in the National Health Service (NHS), not legally enforceable. The responsibilities of patients are also undefined. I suggest that these are not to deny, of their own volition, the rights of others, which in consultations necessitate mutuality of involvement through information-exchange and shared decision-making. Preferences should be met insofar as they do not militate against responsibilities and rights. 相似文献
50.
P Barrett G Davidson DG Hazlerigg MA Morris AW Ross PJ Morgan 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,139(1):163-171