科帕卡格拉纳建筑 奥地利维亚纳

正科帕卡格拉纳位于新多瑙河12.5公里处,毗邻Reichsbrücke大桥。出于同旧有设计保持协调性考虑,力求能让大楼融入当地环境,迎合自身功能性需要,GERNER GERNER PLUS团队充分考虑现有周边环境,对大楼重新规划设计。新的设计突显建筑的特殊性和重要性,面向河流的立面是科帕卡格拉纳大楼最重要的部分,所以设计的重点也放在了这里。现有的城市中轴线是一个参照物,为了视觉上和氛围上形成一体化城市的感     

Characterisation of flavour compounds in Biska – a herbal spirit produced with mistletoe

Mistletoe (Viscum album) is mostly used in its herbal form owing to its content of diverse biologically active substances. In Croatia's Adriatic region, it is used for production of Biska, a strong alcoholic beverage produced by maceration of mistletoe in spirit or brandy, with or without the addition of honey. In this work, Biska was characterised by analysis of aroma compounds and physicochemical parameters and is the first study of the aroma profile of a strong alcoholic beverage produced with mistletoe. The aroma of 14 samples of Biska – five commercial and nine homemade – was analysed using GC/MS with solid‐phase microextraction. A total of 166 aroma compounds were detected. Major components were ethyl esters (medium and long chain fatty acids), fatty alcohols, isopropyl myristate, aldehyde decanal and some terpenes. The distribution of aroma compounds was evaluated by principal component analysis. Some significant differences in physicochemical properties were observed including ethanol concentration (28–44% v/v) and pH (4.4–6.5). Although the colour of Biska was light brown with greenish reflections, there were differences in chromatic parameters. The commercial samples were darker and were less transparent than homemade Biska, perhaps reflecting more extensive maceration/extraction or the addition of caramel. © 2018 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

Color harmonies in packaging

The goal of this research was to determine whether or not there was a difference between consumer preferences for color harmonies for products where external labels and visible product existed simultaneously. Using established color theory, transparent packages containing visible products with colored labels were evaluated. Eye tracking metrics and overall preference testing were used to assess these products. Eye tracking data yielded quantitative data that was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance. A post experiment survey was given to participants to collect demographics and additional data was completed through chi‐squared tests for association. No significant difference was found between color harmonies and preference, nor was there significance for the eye tracking metrics. These results of no significance are ideal for designers because it gives them the freedom to use their judgment when designing packaging labels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 50–59, 2017     

Study of cryostructuration of polymer systems. XVI. Freeze–thaw‐induced effects in the low concentration systems amylopectin–water

Studies of the freeze–thaw behavior of low‐concentrated (0.01–0.25 g/dL) water solutions and dilute pastes (0.5–1.0 g/dL) of maize starch amylopectin showed that cryogenic treatment of these systems resulted in the formation of precipitated matter, whose yield and thermal characteristics (melting temperature and enthalpy) depended on the initial polymer concentration and conditions of freezing, frozen storage, and thawing. Research of the kinetic features of these cryoprecipitation events revealed at least two stages for this process: (i) a rapid stage, when the precipitation of virtually all of the dissolved polysaccharide occurred while the system was freezing, and (ii) a slower stage, the rate of which was mainly dependent on the thawing regimes or duration of the sample storage frozen at subzero temperatures. Cryoprecipitation phenomena were observed to be most extensive at temperatures 1–2° below the melting point of the frozen system. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 1740–1748, 2000     

Upcycling by grafting onto semi-crystalline polymers using supercritical CO2

The creation of graft copolymers by selectively grafting a second polymer to the amorphous fraction of a semi-crystalline polymer in supercritical CO₂ is demonstrated herein. The graft copolymer is synthesized by free radical polymerization of a vinyl monomer within the semi-crystalline polymer below its melt temperature. Such conditions afford selective grafting on the amorphous regions (block “B”) while leaving the crystalline domains (block “A”) unmodified. Accordingly, unique A-B, A-B-A, A-B-A-B-A, and so forth. block structures are formed. In this work, styrene is polymerized within polyamide 6, polyethylene terephthalate, and isotactic polypropylene. Purification of these material is performed to remove the un-grafted homopolymer, allowing for determination of the graft yield, the portion of polymer which covalently bonds to the semi-crystalline matrix. Grafting yields achieved in polyamide 6, polyethylene terephthalate, and isotactic polypropylene were 98%, 59%, and 15%, respectively. Property enhancements were observed upon further characterization of polystyrene-polyamide 6 copolymers, including high glass transition temperatures, the ability to be remelted, and tunable grafting molecular weight. Additionally, hydrophobicity is controlled by varying polystyrene composition. The remarkable range of accessed properties demonstrates this as a potential route to upcycling plastics.     

Molecular Mechanisms of Fetal Tendon Regeneration Versus Adult Fibrous Repair

Tendinopathies are painful, disabling conditions that afflict 25% of the adult human population. Filling an unmet need for realistic large-animal models, we here present an ovine model of tendon injury for the comparative study of adult scarring repair and fetal regeneration. Complete regeneration of the fetal tendon within 28 days is demonstrated, while adult tendon defects remained macroscopically and histologically evident five months post-injury. In addition to a comprehensive histological assessment, proteome analyses of secretomes were performed. Confirming histological data, a specific and pronounced inflammation accompanied by activation of neutrophils in adult tendon defects was observed, corroborated by the significant up-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors, neutrophil attracting chemokines, the release of potentially tissue-damaging antimicrobial and extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes, and a response to oxidative stress. In contrast, secreted proteins of injured fetal tendons included proteins initiating the resolution of inflammation or promoting functional extracellular matrix production. These results demonstrate the power and relevance of our novel ovine fetal tendon regeneration model, which thus promises to accelerate research in the field. First insights from the model already support our molecular understanding of successful fetal tendon healing processes and may guide improved therapeutic strategies.     

A dialogic understanding of the relationship between CSCL and teaching thinking skills

How to teach flexible thinking and learning skills, particularly creativity and the skill of “learning to learn,” is a key concern for CSCL in the context of the emerging Networked Society. The currently dominant paradigms for supporting pedagogical design within CSCL, including socio-cultural theory, are limited in the support that they can offer to the project of teaching general thinking skills. This paper uses critical literature review, conceptual analysis, and evidence from case studies to argue for the value of a dialogic interpretative framework that links the goal of teaching thinking with the method of CSCL. The evidence reviewed suggests that dialogue is itself the primary thinking skill from which all others are derived. It is argued from this that dialogic theory offers a possible solution to the problem of how to conceptualize general thinking skills for CSCL: this is that teaching dialogue as an end in itself promotes the learning of general thinking skills. Implications of the proposed framework for pedagogical design are brought out through case studies illustrating the use of CSCL to broaden and deepen dialogic spaces of reflection.     

Movement Awareness for Ubiquitous Game Control

This paper describes a sensing system for recognising and characterising human movements and its application to ubiquitous gaming. In particular this paper considers the control of computer games through players interacting with the physical environment around them in a natural and appropriate manner. This pushes the interface into the environment, and pulls ubiquitous computing into the game. This is achieved using a sentient computing system. Such a system senses the location, motions, actions and even physiological responses of users. This sensory data can be used to interface and control a game. A good example is 3D first-person games and we demonstrate a system in which actions in the game are mapped to similar actions in the real world. Correspondence to: R. Headon, Laboratory for Communications Engineering, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK. Email: rph25@cam.ac.uk     

Approaching a formal framework for graphics software standards

A graphics software standard has to specify precisely what the software is expected to do. For this purpose, the paper exhibits a formal framework for the specification of software modules which may be structured hierarchically and which may be based on abstract data types. An important aspect concerns the special mathematical semantics of the data types: The semantics of a type is its class of all finitely generated models. This semantics enables a uniform definition of a standard which, nevertheless, may cover a large variety of implementations on very different graphics hardware devices. The kernel of this approach is some axiomatic characterization of the notion of finitely generated images. Another important aspect is that, from such a formal software specification, an implementation may be derived. At least in principle, the careful documentation of such a program derivation could serve as a basis for a verification-oriented certification of graphics standard implementations.