Minimizing Average Schedule Length under Memory Constraints by Optimal Partitioning and Prefetching

Over the last 20 years, the performance gap between CPU and memory has been steadily increasing. As a result, a variety of techniques has been devised to hide that performance gap, from intermediate fast memories (caches) to various prefetching and memory management techniques for manipulating the data present in these caches. In this paper we propose a new memory management technique that takes advantage of access pattern information that is available at compile time by prefetching certain data elements before explicitly being requested by the CPU, as well as maintaining certain data in the local memory over a number of iterations. In order to better take advantage of the locality of reference present in loop structures, our technique also uses a new approach to memory by partitioning it and reducing execution to each partition, so that information is reused at much smaller time intervals than if execution followed the usual pattern. These combined approaches—using a new set of memory instructions as well as partitioning the memory—lead to improvements in total execution time of approximately 25% over existing methods.     

Trust prediction and trust-based source routing in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are spontaneously deployed over a geographically limited area without well-established infrastructure. The networks work well only if the mobile nodes are trusty and behave cooperatively. Due to the openness in network topology and absence of a centralized administration in management, MANETs are very vulnerable to various attacks from malicious nodes. In order to reduce the hazards from such nodes and enhance the security of network, this paper presents a dynamic trust prediction model to evaluate the trustworthiness of nodes, which is based on the nodes’ historical behaviors, as well as the future behaviors via extended fuzzy logic rules prediction. We have also integrated the proposed trust predication model into the Source Routing Mechanism. Our novel on-demand trust-based unicast routing protocol for MANETs, termed as Trust-based Source Routing protocol (TSR), provides a flexible and feasible approach to choose the shortest route that meets the security requirement of data packets transmission. Extensive experiments have been conducted to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in malicious node identification and attack resistance. The results show that TSR improves packet delivery ratio and reduces average end-to-end latency.     

大芯径光纤基模功率传输特性与折射率分布形式关系的研究

研究和分析了光纤芯区径向折射率分布对大芯径光纤基模的功率传输特性(主要包括最大功率密度和等效模面积这两个参数)的影响。采用一种可适用于多种光纤实际折射率分布的独特数学表达式,研究了折射率分布形状变化时大芯径光纤基模在横截面内功率密度分布与等效模面积的变化,并将结果与阶跃型折射率光纤进行对比。计算结果表明,在传输功率相同、光纤基模与高阶模等效折射率差大于10-4的前提下,折射率在芯区中心有一定凹陷的分布可以有效降低横截面内基模功率密度的最大值,增大基模的等效模面积。这一研究为设计和制作可以传输更大功率的大芯径的无源和有源单模光纤提供了理论基础。     

光纤光栅在金属锈蚀传感中的应用

介绍了一种基于光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)应变敏感特性的金属锈蚀传感器。该器件由光纤光栅、有预应力的钢弹簧和一些机械部件组合而成。组合后的弹簧处于压缩状态。在弹簧弹力的作用下,光纤光栅的峰值波长增长了3.2 nm。对该器件进行了加速腐蚀实验:将其放入盐酸环境中,逐日监测光纤光栅峰值波长的变化,发现峰值波长逐渐缩短,说明弹簧的弹性系数随着弹簧的锈蚀而逐渐减小。到弹簧锈蚀断裂,整个锈蚀过程持续了1315 h,平均锈蚀速率约5μm/d。实验表明了该传感器在实际应用中的可能性。同时讨论了光纤光栅的温度效应及其他影响其实用性的因素。     

指纹识别预处理方法

文章结合指纹的方向特性,提出了一套可行的指纹识别预处理算法,并对前景/背景提 取部分的算法进行了改进。通过算法仿真验证,其处理结果比较理想。     

基于双模态融合特征的模糊语音识别研究

针对模糊语音发音机理相近、听觉上容易混淆和容易被智能机器误识的问题,该文设计了一个双模态模糊语音数据库,并提取不同特征用于分类研究.数据库包括语音信号和发音器官运动信号两种模态,共计语音数据6300条,运动信号数据1 268条.提取声学特征与运动学特征,在特征层进行双模态的融合,通过核主成分分析降维来得到双模态融合特征...     

Highly Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: Surface Modification of Cobalt‐Phosphate‐Loaded Co3O4/Fe2O3 p–n Heterojunction Nanorod Arrays

Hematite (α‐Fe₂O₃) as a photoanode material for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting suffers from the two problems of poor charge separation and slow water oxidation kinetics. The construction of p–n junction nanostructures by coupling of highly stable Co₃O₄ in aqueous alkaline environment to Fe₂O₃ nanorod arrays with delicate energy band positions may be a challenging strategy for efficient PEC water oxidation. It is demonstrated that the designed p‐Co₃O₄/n‐Fe₂O₃ junction exhibits superior photocurrent density, fast water oxidation kinetics, and remarkable charge injection and bulk separation efficiency (η_inj and η_sep), attributing to the high catalytic behavior of Co₃O₄ for the oxygen evolution reaction as well as the induced interfacial electric field that facilitates separation and transportation of charge carriers. In addition, a cocatalyst of cobalt phosphate (Co‐Pi) is introduced, which brings the PEC performance to a high level. The resultant Co‐Pi/Co₃O₄/Ti:Fe₂O₃ photoanode shows a photocurrent density of 2.7 mA cm^?2 at 1.23 V_RHE (V vs reversible hydrogen electrode), 125% higher than that of the Ti:Fe₂O₃ photoanode. The optimized η_inj and η_sep of 91.6 and 23.0% at 1.23 V_RHE are achieved on Co‐Pi/Co₃O₄/Ti:Fe₂O₃, respectively, corresponding to the 70 and 43% improvements compared with those of Ti:Fe₂O₃. Furthermore, Co‐Pi/Co₃O₄/Ti:Fe₂O₃ shows a low onset potential of 0.64 V_RHE and long‐time PEC stability.     

双线性插值图像放大并行算法的设计与实现

图像处理中对于图像放大常使用双线性插值算法,其运行的快慢直接关系到实时图像处理的速度．文中在多核计算机上设计了双线性插值并行程序,实现了图像放大的快速处理．充分利用多核技术提升多核处理器的资源利用率,缩短执行时间,发挥多核系统的优异性能．实验结果可看出,文中算法对于大规模图像放大呈现出良好的加速处理能力,表明了双线性插值多核并行算法在实时放大图像的应用中是有效及可行的．     

X射线管结构与焦斑关系研究

X射线管是X射线机的心脏,是产生X射线的源泉<参考文献原文>。其焦斑大小及分布对整机图像清晰度起着决定性的作用。通过对X射线管结构特点、焦斑产生机理、电极结构与焦斑相关性实验的测试数据及理论分析等多方面的论述,探讨了X射线管结构尺寸对焦斑的影响。通过系列实验及理论分析表明:X射线管阴极结构对焦斑有巨大的影响。借助计算机模拟仿真计算,合理设计阴极结构,能够获取大小适中、分布均匀的焦斑,从而达到改善X射线机图像清晰度的目的。     

Transparent,Anisotropic Biofilm with Aligned Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers

Cellulose nanofibrils are attractive as building blocks for advanced photonic, optoelectronic, microfluidic, and bio‐based devices ranging from transistors and solar cells to fluidic and biocompatible injectable devices. For the first time, an ultrastrong and ultratough cellulose film, which is composed of densely packed bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibrils with hierarchical fibril alignments, is successfully demonstrated. The molecular level alignment stems from the intrinsic parallel orientation of crystalline cellulose molecules produced by Acetobacter xylinum. These aligned long‐chain cellulose molecules form subfibrils with a diameter of 2–4 nm, which are further aligned to form nanofibril bundles. The BC film yields a record‐high tensile strength (≈1.0 GPa) and toughness (≈25 MJ m^?3). Being ultrastrong and ultratough, yet the BC film is also highly flexible and can be folded into desirable shapes. The BC film exhibits a controllable manner of alignment and is highly transparent with modulated optical properties, paving the way to enabling new functionalities in mechanical, electrical, fluidic, photonics, and biocompatible applications.