全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1108篇 |
免费 | 40篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 33篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
化学工业 | 239篇 |
金属工艺 | 27篇 |
机械仪表 | 27篇 |
建筑科学 | 24篇 |
能源动力 | 32篇 |
轻工业 | 58篇 |
无线电 | 89篇 |
一般工业技术 | 206篇 |
冶金工业 | 318篇 |
原子能技术 | 26篇 |
自动化技术 | 68篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 7篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 26篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 33篇 |
2009年 | 40篇 |
2008年 | 38篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 24篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 23篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 37篇 |
1998年 | 133篇 |
1997年 | 75篇 |
1996年 | 41篇 |
1995年 | 36篇 |
1994年 | 31篇 |
1993年 | 36篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有1150条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
61.
T Masubuchi S Koyama E Sato A Takamizawa K Kubo M Sekiguchi S Nagai T Izumi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,153(6):1903-1912
Inflammatory cells accumulate within the lungs of cigarette smokers. Current concepts suggest that these cells can induce protease-antiprotease and/or oxidant-antioxidant imbalance(s), which may damage the normal lung alveolar and interstitial structures. Because type II pneumocytes line the alveolar space, and because the inflammatory cells migrate and reside at the alveolus, we postulated that the type II pneumocytes might release chemotactic activity for neutrophils and monocytes in response to smoke extract. To test this hypothesis, A549 cells were cultured and the supernatant fluids were evaluated for the neutrophil and monocyte chemotactic activity (NCA and MCA) by a blind-well chamber technique. A549 cells released NCA and MCA in response to smoke extract in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Checkerboard analysis showed that the activity was chemotactic. Partial characterization of NCA and MCA revealed that the activity was partly heat labile, trypsin sensitive, and ethyl acetate extractable. Lipoxygenase inhibitors and cycloheximide inhibited the release of NCA and MCA. Molecular sieve column chromatography showed multiple peaks for both NCA and MCA. NCA was inhibited by anti-human-interleukin (IL)-8 antibody, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) antibody, or leukotriene (LT)B4 receptor antagonist. Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 antibody or LTB4 receptor antagonist inhibited MCA. Immunoreactive IL-8, G-CSF, MCP-1, and LTB4 significantly increased in the supernatant fluids in response to smoke extract. These data suggest that the type II pneumocytes may release NCA and MCA and modulate the inflammatory cell recruitment into the lung. 相似文献
62.
H Bai R Morishita I Kida T Yamakawa W Zhang M Aoki H Matsushita A Noda R Nagai Y Kaneda J Higaki T Ogihara Y Sawa H Matsuda 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,5(6):761-769
OBJECTIVE: To define the distribution and determinants of cardiovascular disease events among participants undergoing long-term antihypertensive therapy, and to stratify them into risk groups on the basis of pretreatment clinical profiles. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of participants in a worksite-based antihypertensive treatment program in New York city (1973-1994). PATIENTS: We studied 8690 systematically treated patients who had at least 6 months of follow-up (average of 5.7 years) and, at entry, had had a systolic blood pressure of > or = 160 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure of > or = 95 mmHg (after 1992 > or = 140/90 mmHg), or had been being administered antihypertensive medication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood pressure and incidence of morbid and mortal cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Blood pressure control (to 140 +/- 3/87 +/- 7 mmHg) was achieved by the first year and maintained through 18 years of therapy. In nearly 50,000 person-years of follow-up, there were 468 cardiovascular disease events [myocardial infarction including revascularization (282), strokes (93), congestive heart failure (30) and other cardiovascular deaths (63)]. Deaths from cardiovascular disease events accounted for 68% of all deaths. Myocardial infarction was most common throughout, but congestive heart failure incidence surpassed stroke incidence after 10 years. A scheme for risk stratification was constructed after analysis of the independent association of baseline factors and incident cardiovascular events. Upon the basis of ease of ascertainment and their demonstrated associations with occurrence of cardiovascular disease during treatment, we selected five pretreatment factors (history of heart attack, stroke, diabetes, age > or = 55 years and pulse pressure > or = 60 mmHg) to stratify patients into four groups. Those with no risk factor had a low risk (n=2999), those with one had a moderate risk (3042), those with two had a high risk (2237), and those with three or more had a very high risk (412). Overall, the unadjusted rates of incidence of cardiovascular disease events per 1000 person-years for patients in very high and low risk groups differed by factors of six and 14 for men and women, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that long-term control of blood pressure can be achieved in a general population. Nevertheless, cardiovascular disease events still accounted for most morbidity and mortality among these 'recovered' hypertensive patients. At entry, on the basis of readily identifiable characteristics, it was possible to stratify patients according to likelihood of subsequent events occurring despite control of blood pressure. This scheme could provide the basis for targeting more aggressive therapy where the potential for further cardioprotection is greatest. 相似文献
63.
S Tomono S Kawazu T Utsugi T Ohno N Katto Y Ohyama T Uchiyama R Nagai 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,35(3):25-28
Caught between the successes of modern psychopharmacology, the requests of suffering patients for quick relief, and the shortsightedness of many third-party payers, psychodynamic psychotherapy might seem to be on the ropes. It is, however, thriving and providing crucial help to many individuals for whom medication and brief counseling are insufficient. Meanwhile, many more who could benefit from psychotherapy do not have an opportunity to do so. Although psychodynamic psychotherapy originated and developed within a medical framework, it has minimal visibility on the current medical scene, and many physicians have been provided with little meaningful information about it. This article is intended to give physicians a general idea of what psychodynamic psychotherapy is and how it works. 相似文献
64.
Xixian Chen Suzuki M. Miki N. Nagai N. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》1995,41(5):1409-1417
To reduce the system initialization time in high-speed full-duplex data transmission over two-wire lines, we propose an efficient full-duplex fast training algorithm which can simultaneously estimate the impulse responses of echo paths and channels at both ends. Two mutually orthogonal periodic sequences are designed and used to co-estimate the near echo, the far echo with bulk delay, and the channel response. The new algorithm can reduce the tap-setting time to half of that required by the traditional half-duplex fast training schemes. The effects of channel noise and symbol rate offset between two ends are examined in terms of both mean-square error (MSE) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Both the theoretical analysis and computer simulation show that there are three degrading factors due to symbol rate offset. The SNR is inversely proportional to the sum of the estimated coefficients, the half period of the training sequences, and the square of symbol rate offset. If the far-signal-to-channel-noise ratio is 30 dB, then the degradation is significant when the symbol rate offset is more than 10 -4. If it is 40 dB, then the degradation is significant when the symbol rate offset is above 3×10-5 相似文献
65.
Y Nagai T Azuma M Funauchi M Fujita M Umi M Hirano T Matsubara S Ueno 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,157(1):52-59
This study examined the effect of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) administration on thermoregulation in the newborn. Twin lambs were either delivered near-term by caesarean section or born vaginally at term. Colonic temperature, O2 consumption, CO2 production, breathing and heart rates, plus plasma thyroid hormone and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations and thermogenic activity (i.e. GDP binding) of brown adipose tissue (BAT) were measured. In caesarean section delivered lambs colonic temperature decreased rapidly after birth, a response that was greater in the group designated for TRH treatment, in which colonic temperature fell to below 36.0 degrees C at 80 min of life, prior to TRH administration. At this age colonic temperature had been restored to a mean of 38.70 degrees C in controls. TRH had no influence on the composition or thermogenic activity of BAT. The incidence of shivering was not influenced by TRH, but treated lambs maintained a higher rate of O2 consumption and ventilation compared with controls after colonic temperature had been restored to 38.56 degrees C. TRH appeared to promote fat oxidation as O2 consumption remained unchanged and CO2 production declined by a greater rate in treated lambs, resulting in a lower respiratory quotient compared to controls. Heart rate and plasma concentrations of NEFA increased following TRH administration although this did not result in values greater than controls. Normothermic lambs born vaginally had BAT with a greater thermogenic activity, higher plasma thyroid hormone and NEFA concentrations compared with caesarean section delivered lambs, but a thermogenic response was not observed to TRH despite a rise in thyroid hormone concentrations. In conclusion, TRH can improve thermoregulation, an effect that could be linked to an increase in fat oxidation. 相似文献
66.
Lung from male and female rats fasted for 4 days were used. Phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine and its molecular species were
analyzed in lungs from these rats and effects of fasting upon the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine in lungs from both sexes
were determined using radioactive choline. The molecular species of phosphatidylcholine in both male and female rats did not
differ with fasting except the monoenoic species. Incorporation of choline into phosphatidylcholine in both male and female
rats significantly increased after fasting, but distribution of radioactivity in phosphatidylcholine yielded similar values
in each group. These results suggest that the decrease of saturated phosphatidylcholine content after fasting may be not due
to specific change in saturated phosphatidylcholine. 相似文献
67.
Fumitaka Horii Ryozo Kitamaru Shiro Maeda A. Saika Takehiko Terao 《Polymer Bulletin》1985,13(2):179-184
Summary High-resolution solid-state 13C NMR spectra and 13C relaxation times T1 and T1 have been measured at 40–100° C for uniaxially oriented polyethylene films with the drawing direction parallel to the magnetic field; this sample has a unique morphological structure that the noncrystalline chains are nearly disordered irrespective of the high degree of drawing. A sharp resonance line(line A) appears at the position corresponding to the principal value 33 of the chemical shift tensor for the CH2 carbons with the trans-trans conformation. Another sharp linedine B) is observed at almost the same chemical shift as for the CH2 carbons of polyethylene in solution. Although these observations are similar to those for a cold-drawn polyethylene sample reported previously, line B is much enhanced in intensity and the linewidth is narrower in the present sample, reflecting the disorientation of the noncrystalline component. It is found from T1 measurements that line A contains two components with different molecular mobility, both being assigned to the crystalline components. On the other hand, the line B is composed of a single component assignable to the noncrystalline component with liquid-like molecular mobility. 相似文献
68.
Hiroshi Nagai Yoshiki Takebayashi Hiroyasu Mitani 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》1981,12(3):435-442
The isothermal oxidation resistance in air at 1273, 1323, and 1373 K of Fe-20Cr alloys with 1 wt pct dispersoid of Y203, La2O3, A12O3, TiO2, SiO2, Cr2O3 and without dispersoid prepared by a conventional sintering and rolling procedures was examined. It was found that SiO2 dispersoid reduced, while A12O3 dispersoid slightly increased the oxidation resistance. The dispersoids of TiO2 and Cr2O3 showed no beneficial effect on the oxidation resistance except for the oxidation after 10 h at 1373 K. The oxidation behavior
after 10 h at 1373 K was rather complex including accelerated oxidation. The beneficial effect of La2O3 and Y2O3 dispersoids was excellent at all temperatures. The oxidation rates during the early stage of oxidation for the alloys with
dispersoid were apparently dependent on the type of the dispersoid. There was no evidence that dispersoid accumulated at the
scale-alloy interface. Comparison of results obtained for the oxidation of the alloys prepared by a powder metallurgical procedure
with results for the alloys by arc-melting procedure indicated that the grain size of the alloy is an important factor for
reduction of oxidation rate but does not seem to be critical, because the grain size of the alloys with dispersoid was not
dependent on the type of the dispersoid. Ion Microanalyses of the Cr2O3 scale formed after 1 h oxidation at 1373 K showed an interesting feature in that all the dispersed elements were incorporated
in the scale and the iron content of the scale was lower on the alloys which exhibited better oxidation resistance. 相似文献
69.
The tropospheric particle extinction-to-backscatter ratio, the depolarization ratio, and the water-vapor mixing ratio were measured by use of a Raman lidar and a polarization lidar during the Asian dust seasons in 2001 and 2002 in Tsukuba, Japan. The apparent (not corrected for multiple-scattering effects) extinction-to-backscatter ratios (Sp) showed a dependence on the relative humidity with respect to ice (RHice) obtained from the lidar-derived water-vapor mixing ratio and radiosonde-derived temperature; they were mostly higher than 30 sr in dry air (RHice < 50%), whereas they were mostly lower than 30 sr in ice-supersaturated air (RHice > or = 100%), where the apparent extinction coefficients were larger than 0.036 km(-1). Both regions showed mean particle depolarization ratios of 20%-22%. Comparisons with theoretical calculations and the previous experiments suggest that the observed dependence of Sp on RHice is attributed to the difference in the predominant particles: nonspherical aerosols (mainly the Asian dust) in dry air and cloud particles in ice-supersaturated air. 相似文献
70.
A Phytol‐Enriched Diet Activates PPAR‐α in the Liver and Brown Adipose Tissue to Ameliorate Obesity‐Induced Metabolic Abnormalities 下载免费PDF全文