全文获取类型
收费全文 | 886篇 |
免费 | 39篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 20篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 230篇 |
金属工艺 | 11篇 |
机械仪表 | 16篇 |
建筑科学 | 25篇 |
能源动力 | 45篇 |
轻工业 | 67篇 |
水利工程 | 6篇 |
石油天然气 | 11篇 |
无线电 | 120篇 |
一般工业技术 | 162篇 |
冶金工业 | 80篇 |
原子能技术 | 3篇 |
自动化技术 | 138篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 21篇 |
2022年 | 50篇 |
2021年 | 52篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 44篇 |
2018年 | 62篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 45篇 |
2015年 | 36篇 |
2014年 | 42篇 |
2013年 | 59篇 |
2012年 | 38篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 32篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 32篇 |
2007年 | 20篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有935条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Zainal Abidin Mohd Yusof Iqbal Ahmed Muhammad Saad Khan S. Altaf Hussain Ahmad Hussain Ibrahim bin Abdul Mutalib Khaled S. Balkhair Muhammad H. Albeirutty 《化学工程与技术》2015,38(12):2170-2180
Thermal properties of fossil fuel are the key fundamental characteristics, which can distinguish any compound as a potential fuel. The performance of diesel fuel blend along with stability and solubility parameter designs are evaluated. The results from the experimental study indicate that the increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) amount enhances the cetane number of diesel fuel blend significantly. However, the calorific value decreases as compared to pure diesel fuel. All values performed well according to the ASTM D‐975 diesel testing method. The thermodynamics of the prepared fuel blends also revealed that substantial solubility and diesel/H2O2 blend stability are provided even at lower temperatures. Such blends can be used as a feasible replacement of pure diesel fuel. 相似文献
32.
Khawaja Ghulam Rasool Muhammad Altaf Khan Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood Muhammad Tufail Muhammad Mukhtar Makio Takeda 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(8):19326-19346
A state of the art proteomic methodology using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI TOF) has been employed to characterize peptides modulated in the date palm stem subsequent to infestation with red palm weevil (RPW). Our analyses revealed 32 differentially expressed peptides associated with RPW infestation in date palm stem. To identify RPW infestation associated peptides (I), artificially wounded plants (W) were used as additional control beside uninfested plants, a conventional control (C). A constant unique pattern of differential expression in infested (I), wounded (W) stem samples compared to control (C) was observed. The upregulated proteins showed relative fold intensity in order of I > W and downregulated spots trend as W > I, a quite interesting pattern. This study also reveals that artificially wounding of date palm stem affects almost the same proteins as infestation; however, relative intensity is quite lower than in infested samples both in up and downregulated spots. All 32 differentially expressed spots were subjected to MALDI-TOF analysis for their identification and we were able to match 21 proteins in the already existing databases. Relatively significant modulated expression pattern of a number of peptides in infested plants predicts the possibility of developing a quick and reliable molecular methodology for detecting plants infested with date palm. 相似文献
33.
A new polymeric ligand was synthesized through the reaction of 4‐(pyridinylimine)phenol and formaldehyde in a basic medium, and its corresponding polymer–nickel complexes were formed in a 1:1 molar ratio. The synthesized compounds were characterized using elemental and spectral analyses. The monomeric and polymeric Ni(II) complexes (C1 and C2, respectively) were evaluated as catalyst precursors for ethylene oligomerization, using methylaluminoxane as an activator at two different ethylene pressures. C2 was found to be a more effective pre‐catalyst than C1, with the co‐catalyst having a similar effect in both cases. C2 exhibited an activity of 1.282 × 106 g (mol Ni)?1 h?1 bar?1, with an Al:Ni ratio of 2000:1 at room temperature and 1 atm ethylene pressure. Meanwhile C1 exhibited an activity of 1.126 × 106 g (mol Ni)?1 h?1 bar?1 under similar experimental conditions. At 5 atm ethylene pressure, C1 favoured the formation of high‐density polyethylene, whereas C2 favoured the formation of branched low‐density polyethylene. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
34.
Bo Gong Joseph C. Spagnola Sara A. Arvidson Saad A. Khan Gregory N. Parsons 《Polymer》2012,53(21):4631-4636
Nanocomposite organic/inorganic materials with spatially-controlled composition can be formed using vapor-phase atomic layer deposition (ALD) on bi-component polymer fibers. The ALD process promotes selective precursor infusion into the inner core of a core/shell polymer fiber, yielding nanoparticles encapsulated within the core. Likewise, choosing alternate precursors or reaction conditions yield particles or films on the outer polymer shell. In-situ infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy show that infusion yields selective dispersion of aluminum oxide in different polymer regions, forming fine nanoparticle dispersions or films. Selective inclusion of metal oxide materials during atomic layer deposition on polymers can create unique organic/inorganic composite structures for many advanced uses. 相似文献
35.
Imdad Ali Salim Saifullah Babiker M. El-Haj Heyam Saad Ali Saira Yasmeen Muhammad Imran Jan Nisar Muhammad Raza Shah 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2020,23(5):973-980
Nonionic surfactants are highly stable and cost-effective and receiving acceptance for applications in many diverse fields including drug delivery, due to their distinctive properties. Here, we report on the synthesis and characterization of sulfanilamide-based nonionic surfactants for nanoscale vesicular drug loading applications. Nonionic surfactants were synthesized through alkylation of sulfanilamide with alkyl halides that possessed diverse degrees of lipophilicity. They were explored for their nanovesicular drug loading with Cefixime as a hydrophobic model drug. Drug-loaded nanovesicles were characterized for surface morphologies, size, size distribution, surface charge, and drug loading efficiency using atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and UV–visible spectrophotometry. All of the synthesized nonionic surfactants revealed their CMC values in 0.055–0.035 mM range depending upon the lipophilic chain length of surfactants. They caused a decreased hemoglobin release and low toxicity against cell culture. They self-assembled and loaded an increased amount of drug in the form of nanorange spherical shape niosomal vesicles. Results of the current study verify these synthesized nonionic surfactants are hemocompatible, nontoxic, and capable of self-assembling into nanorange niosomal vesicles. These niosomal vesicles can be suggested as safe and highly efficient nanocarriers for hydrophobic drug loading and delivery. 相似文献
36.
Abdullah Ameen Saad Hassan Wasi Khan Shahid Husain Pooja Dhiman Mahavir Singh 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2020,17(5):2430-2438
In this work, the physical properties of nanocrystalline samples of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1−xFexO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) perovskite manganites synthesized by the reverse micelle (RM) technique were explored in detail. The phase purity, crystal structure, and crystallite size of the samples were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All the samples had rhombohedral crystal structure and crystallite size increased with increase in Fe content in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. The scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) exhibited smooth surface morphology and nonuniform shape of the particles. The optical properties studied using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the absorbance and optical band gap with an increase in Fe content in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 compound. The temperature-dependent resistivity measurements revealed semiconducting nature of x = 0 and 0.1 samples up to the studied temperature range, while a metal-to-insulator transition was observed at higher Fe doping. Magnetic studies revealed weak ferromagnetism in all the samples and a reduction in the maximum magnetization with an increase in Fe content. A close correlation between electrical transport and magnetic properties was observed with the doping of Fe ion in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 at Mn site. These results advocate strong interactions associated with the double exchange mechanism among Fe3+ and Mn3+ ions. 相似文献
37.
Karim Chkirate Gamal Al Ati Khalid Karrouchi Saad Fettach Hind Chakchak Joel T. Mague Smaail Radi N. N. Adarsh My El Abbes Faouzi El Mokhtar Essassi Yann Garcia 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2023,24(20):e202300331
Three dinuclear coordination complexes generated from 1-n-butyl-2-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-yl)methyl)-1H-benzimidazole ( L ), have been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically and structurally by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Reaction with iron(II) chloride and then copper(II) nitrate led to a co-crystal containing 78 % of [Cu(NO3)(μ-Cl)( L’ )]2 ( C1 ) and 22 % of [Cu(NO3)(μ-NO3)( L’ )]2 ( C2 ), where L was oxidized to a new ligand L’ . A mechanism is provided. Reaction with copper chloride led to the dinuclear complex [Cu(Cl)(μ-Cl)( L) ]2 ( C3 ). The presence of N−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅O intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of C1 and C2 , and C−H⋅⋅⋅N and C−H⋅⋅⋅Cl hydrogen bonding in the crystal structure of C3 led to supramolecular structures that were confirmed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The ligands and their complexes were tested for free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The complex C1 / C2 shows remarkable antioxidant activities as compared to the ligand L and reference compounds. 相似文献
38.
A series of poly(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate)/poly(ε‐caprolactone)/1,6‐hexamethylene diisocyanate‐segmented poly(ester‐urethanes), having different compositions and different block lengths, were synthesized by one‐step solution polymerization. The molecular weight of poly(R‐3‐hydroxybutyrate)‐diol, PHB‐diol, hard segments was in the range of 2100–4400 and poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐diol, PCL‐diol, soft segments in the range of 1080–5800. The materials obtained were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, wide angle X‐ray diffraction and mechanical measurements. All poly(ester‐urethanes) investigated were semicrystalline with Tm varying within 126–148°C. DSC results showed that Tg are shifted to higher temperature with increasing content of PHB hard segments and decreasing molecular weight of PCL soft segments. This indicates partial compatibility of the two phases. In poly(ester‐urethanes) made from PCL soft segments of molecular weight (Mn ≥ 2200), a PCL crystalline phase, in addition to the PHB crystalline phase, was observed. As for the mechanical tensile properties of poly(ester‐urethane) cast films, it was found that the ultimate strength and the elongation at the breakpoint decrease with increasing PHB hard segment content. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 703–718, 2002 相似文献
39.
Douâae Ou-yahia Hassan Barkai Moulay Sadiki Saad Ibnsouda Koraichi 《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2018,32(2):185-196
In this study, we investigated the potential adhesion of marine bacteria isolated from seawater in the port of Chmaâla, Morocco, to sea-immersed 304 and 316 stainless steels using thermodynamic approach and the Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Furthermore, the physicochemical properties including hydrophobicity and electron donor / electron acceptor (Lewis acid-base) of bacterial isolates and both substrates were evaluated using the contact angle measurements. The molecular identification indicated that the isolated strains were Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus amyloliquefascience. Results also showed that both bacterial strains’s cells have a hydrophilic character with ΔGiwi values of 29.30 and 24.12 mJ m?2 respectively for Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus amyloliquefascience, and are strong electron donating (γ?) and weakly electron accepting (γ+). For substrates surfaces, we found that both sea-immersed stainless steels types were hydrophilic and present strong electron-donor character (γ? = 49 ± 0.2 mJ m?2 for 304 and γ? = 55.07 ± 0.02 mJ m?2 for 316) and weak electron-acceptor character (γ+ = 5.4 ± 0.1 mJ m?2 for 304 and γ+ = 8.3 ± 0.06 mJ m?2 for 316). The theoretical prediction showed that both tested strains, B. thuringiensis and B. amyloliquefascience, exhibited positive values of ΔGTotal vis-à-vis the two sea-immersed stainless steels types which indicates unfavorable adhesion while the ESEM electro-micrographs show that both strains were able to adhere to both strainless steels surfaces. 相似文献
40.
Systematic electrical and mechanical studies were carried out on natural rubber (NR) blended with different types of synthetic rubber such as styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), and ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer (EPDM) as nonpolar rubbers and nitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) and chloroprene rubber (CR) as polar rubbers. The NR/SBR, NR/BR, NR/EPDM, NR/NBR, and NR/CR blends were prepared with different ratios (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100). The permittivity (ε′) and dielectric loss (ε″) of these blends were measured over a wide range of frequencies (100 Hz–100 kHz) and at room temperature (∼ 27°C). The compatibility results obtained from the dielectric measurements were comparable with those obtained from the calculation of the heat of mixing. These results were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and showed that NR/SBR and NR/BR blends were compatible while NR/EPDM, NR/NBR, and NR/CR blends were incompatible. To overcome the problem of phase separation (incompatibility) between NR and EPDM, NBR, or CR, a third component such as SBR or poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was added as a compatibilizing agent to these blends. The experimental data of dielectric and mechanical measurements showed that the addition of either SBR or PVC could improve the compatibility of such blends to some extent. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 79: 60–71, 2001 相似文献