Mapping past,current and future energy research trend in Pakistan: a scientometric assessment

This work describes the contribution of researchers in the field of the energy from Pakistan in the period 1990–2016. A scientometric approach was applied to analyze the scientific publications in the field using the Scopus Elsevier database. Different aspects of the publications were analyzed, such as publication type, major research areas, journals, citations, authorship pattern, affiliations as well as the keyword occurrence frequency. The present research trends are analyzed and future research directions are outlined. The impact factor, h-index and number of citations were used to investigate the strength of active institutes, authors, and journals in the field of the energy in Pakistan. From 1990 to 2016, 991 articles have been published by 2139 authors from 213 research institutes. The total number of citations and impact factor are 10,287 and 2301 respectively, corresponding to 10 citations per paper and an impact factor of 2.32 per publication. The research articles originate primarily from COMSATS, NUST, PIEAS, and PINSTECH. Pakistan has published 60% of publication with the collaboration of the foreign institutes, mainly from the United States, the United Kingdom, China and Malaysia. The core research activities in the field are mainly focused on resource assessment, energy policy, energy efficiency, feasibility study, energy economics, and performance assessment. The most productive journal, author, institution, are renewable & sustainable energy review, Shahbaz M., and COMSATS, respectively.     

An assessment into the characteristics of award winning papers at CHI

Scientometrics - The overall readability of CHI publications is not known. In addition, little is understood about what lexical or demographic characteristics are unique to award winning papers at...     

Investigation on Stability and Optical Properties of Titanium Dioxide and Aluminum Oxide Water-Based Nanofluids

Water is regarded as a poor absorber of solar energy. This affects the efficiency of solar thermal systems. The addition of nanoparticles to heat transfer fluids used in solar thermal systems can enhance their optical properties. These new-generation heat transfer fluids are known as nanofluids. The present study investigates the stability and optical properties of three nanofluids, including aluminum oxide (13 nm and <50 nm) and titanium dioxide (21 nm) nanofluids. The stability of the nanofluids was observed through a photo-capturing method and zeta potential measurements. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer was used to measure the absorbance and transmittance of the prepared nanofluids. The effect of factors such as type of particle, type of surfactant, and pH of the solution on the optical properties of the nanofluids was also investigated. We found that the titanium dioxide nanofluid had better optical properties but lower stability compared to aluminum oxide nanofluids.     

Fabrication and simulation studies on D-shaped optical fiber sensor via surface plasmon resonance

This paper describes simulation and experimental methods for designing a D-shaped surface plasmon resonance (SPR) fibre sensor. The sensor consists of two set-up approaches. Finite element method is used in simulation on the fibre sensor device. Two experimental methods for detecting relative intensity are used by varying the wavelength of the optical signal sources and the thickness of gold layer coated on the D-shaped fibre. In the first method, the sensor device works by detecting the relative intensity of two optical signal sources having different wavelengths. In the second set-up, the relative intensity between two D-shaped fibres coated with different thicknesses of gold is measured when a single signal source is launched at the input. The difference in intensities of the signal outputs is used to estimate the refractive index at the sensing region. A prototype SPR D-shaped fibre sensor has been fabricated and the experimental results show good agreement with simulation.     

A combination of tapered fibre and polarization controller in generating highly stable and tunable dual-wavelength C-band laser

This paper demonstrates the use of a tapered fibre in generating a highly stable and tunable dual-wavelength fibre laser. By unique arrangement of polarization controller, adjustable spacing range between 0.94 and 3.32 nm and side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) up to 50 dB were recorded. The results were achieved at laser pump power of 94.7 mW. The inter-modal interference is achieved through the use of a non-adiabatic tapered fibre, made by a systematic flame brushing technique. The tapered fibre suppresses the mode competition in the 3-m erbium-doped fibre (EDF) gain medium. Over 60 min, the laser exhibited very high stability with acceptable peak power and SMSR. The proposed EDF laser operates from 1556.71 to 1562.13 nm range.     

Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Engine Oil: Atangana–Baleanu Fractional Model

The present article aims to examine the heat and mass distribution in a free convection flow of electrically conducted, generalized Jeffrey nanofluid in a heated rotatory system. The flow analysis is considered in the presence of thermal radiation and the transverse magnetic field of strength B₀. The medium is porous accepting generalized Darcy’s law. The motion of the fluid is due to the cosine oscillations of the plate. Nanofluid has been formed by the uniform dispersing of the Silver nanoparticles in regular engine oil. The problem has been modeled in the form of classical partial differential equations and then generalized by replacing time derivative with Atangana–Baleanu (AB) time-fractional derivative. Upon taking the Laplace transform technique (LTT) and using physical boundary conditions, exact expressions have been obtained for momentum, energy, and concentration distributions. The impact of a number of parameters on fluid flow is shown graphically. The numerical tables have been computed for variation in the rate of heat and mass transfer with respect to rooted parameters. Finally, the classical solution is recovered by taking the fractional parameter approaching unity. It is worth noting that by adding silver nanoparticles in regular engine oil, its heat transfer rate increased by 14.59%, which will improve the life and workability of the engine.     

Suggestion Mining from Opinionated Text of Big Social Media Data

Social media data are rapidly increasing and constitute a source of user opinions and tips on a wide range of products and services. The increasing availability of such big data on biased reviews and blogs creates challenges for customers and businesses in reviewing all content in their decision-making process. To overcome this challenge, extracting suggestions from opinionated text is a possible solution. In this study, the characteristics of suggestions are analyzed and a suggestion mining extraction process is presented for classifying suggestive sentences from online customers’ reviews. A classification using a word-embedding approach is used via the XGBoost classifier. The two datasets used in this experiment relate to online hotel reviews and Microsoft Windows App Studio discussion reviews. F1, precision, recall, and accuracy scores are calculated. The results demonstrated that the XGBoost classifier outperforms—with an accuracy of more than 80%. Moreover, the results revealed that suggestion keywords and phrases are the predominant features for suggestion extraction. Thus, this study contributes to knowledge and practice by comparing feature extraction classifiers and identifying XGBoost as a better suggestion mining process for identifying online reviews.     

Evaluating the Impact of Software Security Tactics: A Design Perspective

Design architecture is the edifice that strengthens the functionalities as well as the security of web applications. In order to facilitate architectural security from the web application’s design phase itself, practitioners are now adopting the novel mechanism of security tactics. With the intent to conduct a research from the perspective of security tactics, the present study employs a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach named fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-technique for order preference by similarity ideal solution (AHP-TOPSIS) method for selecting and assessing multi-criteria decisions. The adopted methodology is a blend of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy AHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS). To establish the efficacy of this methodology, the results are obtained after the evaluation have been tested on fifteen different web application projects (Online Quiz competition, Entrance Test, and others) of the Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India. The tabulated outcomes demonstrate that the methodology of the Multi-Level Fuzzy Hybrid system is highly effective in providing accurate estimation for strengthening the security of web applications. The proposed study will help experts and developers in developing and managing security from any web application design phase for better accuracy and higher security.