Method for extracting tritium from tritium-containing vacuum-oil wastes

The reactions resulting in the tritium contamination of mineral oils in pumps during transfer of tritium-containing gas mixtures are examined. The basic chemical forms of tritium dissolved in oils are established. The adsorption of tritium-containing impurities of spent oils and the chemical isotopic exchange of adsorbed impurities with concentrated sulfuric acid are studied. A method for handling tritium-containing waste oils that permits decreasing the radiation hazard due to storage of these oils and recycling tritium gas is proposed on the basis of these investigations.__________Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 98, No. 2, pp. 134–143, February, 2005.     

Development of a catalytic heating system for external combustion engines

A catalytic heater design was proposed for an external combustion engine. This design is based on the partial oxidation or autothermal conversion of hydrocarbon fuel to syngas and its further oxidation with heat generation in a radial catalytic reactor integrated with a tubular heat exchanger. The theoretical analysis of operational regimes for a catalytic heater with a thermal power of 25–50 kW was performed with regard to the distribution of gas and the mathematical modeling of processes in a catalyst bed integrated with a heat exchanger, and some estimates were given for the performance of an external combustion engine. The conditions providing a uniform distribution of gas along the length of a radial reactor with suction of a reaction mixture into the catalyst bed were determined. A design of catalytic heating system elements was developed, and some layout solutions that provide a rational mutual arrangement of system components were created.     

Some Features of Operation of Sectioned Adsorbers

It is theoretically substantiated and experimentally demonstrated that sectioning of a stationary bed of adsorbent with walls parallel to flow of the treated feedstock increases the efficiency of the adsorbent. Mathematical modeling of sectioned adsorbers with a mobile bed of adsorbent demonstrated the possibility of increasing the quality of the sampled narrow fractions and decreasing the power consumption for regeneration of the adsorbent.     

Computational analysis of the effectiveness of the working elements of the safety and control system in a vpbér-600 core by means of engineering and precision programs

Special Office of Machine Design Institute of Fast Reactors, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 79, No. 3, pp. 171–174, September, 1995.