Low-temperature mechanical properties of superconducting radio frequency cavity materials

Low-temperature mechanical behaviors have been investigated for the constituent materials of superconducting radio frequency cavities. Test materials consist of small grain Nb, single crystal Nb, large grain Nb (bicrystal), Ti45Nb-Nb weld joint (e-beam welded), and Ti-316L bimetal joint (explosion welded). The strength of all test metals displayed strong temperature dependence and the Ti-316L bimetal showed the highest strength and lowest ductility among the test materials. The fracture toughness of the small grain Nb metals decreased with decreasing test temperature and reached the lower shelf values (30-40 MPa √m) at or above 173 K. The Ti45Nb base and Ti45Nb-Nb weld metals showed much higher fracture toughness than the small grain Nb. An extrapolation and comparison with existing data showed that the fracture toughness of the small grain Nb metals at 4 K was expected to be similar to those at 173 and 77 K. The results from optical photography at a low magnification and fractography by a scanning electron microscope were consistent with corresponding mechanical properties.     

Measurement of heat/mass transfer at second stage vane endwall according to step heights

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - Recently, domestic gas turbines are primarily operated under partial loads. Hence, thermal expansion of components decreases, leading to a...     

A study on squeal noise reduction considering the pad shape of the disc brake system for urban railway vehicles

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - In this paper, to help reduce the squeal noise produced during the braking of urban railway vehicles, the shape of the disc brake pad was investigated...     

Evaluation of Geometric Modeling for KOMPSAT‐1 EOC Imagery Using Ephemeris Data

Using stereo images with ephemeris data from the Korea Multi‐Purpose Satellite‐1 electro‐optical camera (KOMPSAT‐1 EOC), we performed geometric modeling for three‐dimensional (3‐D) positioning and evaluated its accuracy. In the geometric modeling procedures, we used ephemeris data included in the image header file to calculate the orbital parameters, sensor attitudes, and satellite position. An inconsistency between the time information of the ephemeris data and that of the center of the image frame was found, which caused a significant offset in satellite position. This time inconsistency was successfully adjusted. We modeled the actual satellite positions of the left and right images using only two ground control points and then achieved 3‐D positioning using the KOMPSAT‐1 EOC stereo images. The results show that the positioning accuracy was about 12‐17 m root mean square error (RMSE) when 6.6 m resolution EOC stereo images were used along with the ephemeris data and only two ground control points (GCPs). If more accurate ephemeris data are provided in the near future, then a more accurate 3‐D positioning will also be realized using only the EOC stereo images with ephemeris data and without the need for any GCPs.     

A 0.9 V 92 dB Double-Sampled Switched-RC Delta-Sigma Audio ADC

A 0.9 V third-order double-sampled delta-sigma audio ADC is presented. A new method using a combination of a switched-RC technique and a floating switched-capacitor double-sampling configuration enabled low-voltage operation without clock boosting or bootstrapping. A three-level quantizer with simple dynamic element matching was used to improve linearity. The prototype IC implemented in a 0.13 CMOS process achieves 92 dB DR, 91 dB SNR and 89 dB SNDR in a 24 kHz audio signal bandwidth, while consuming 1.5 mW from a 0.9 V supply. The prototype operates from 0.65 V to 1.5 V supply with minimal performance degradation.     

BioFET sensor for detection of albumin in urine

Characterisation of a BioFET for detection of albumin in a mixture of human urine is presented. To avoid electrolyte effect of the urine, it was measured in PBS (phosphate buffer saline) at a fixed pH after albumin binding. The drain current was modulated by the albumin bound to the anti-albumin immobilised on the gate surface of the BioFET. The current variation ratio was likely to be proportional to the concentration of the albumin in the range 50-250 mg/1. The results show the feasibility of the BioFET as a urinary albumin sensor.     

Applications of an Instantaneous Damage Detection Technique to Plates with Additional Complexities

A guided wave based reference-free non-destructive testing (NDT) technique, which does not require direct comparison with previously obtained baseline data for defect detection, has been recently developed and applied to simple plate-like structures by the authors’ research group. In this study, the reference-free NDT technique is further advanced so that this technique can also be applied to specimens with complex structural geometries such as holes, stiffeners, and varying thickness. A unique damage-sensitive feature for each structural configuration has been extracted, and a suite of damage detection algorithms, which is applicable to all the investigated structural geometries, has been proposed. Experiments as well as numerical simulations are performed to investigate the applicability of the proposed NDT technique to structures with complex geometries.     

成本有效的用于互连线条的稀释酸刻蚀后清洗

铝线条条和硅氧化物通孔刻蚀后,传统上都是使用包含胺,重金属结合剂,表面活性剂及其他成分进行清洗.这些混合剂是用来高效去除刻蚀后残留物的,而不会对硅氧化物介质造成过量的刻蚀,也不会破坏或进一步腐蚀铝.羟胺(许多此类溶解混合物的主要成分)所带来的供应、成本和残留物等问题,促使集成电路制造商寻求可替换的清洗化学试剂. 在集成电路制造的过程中,在只使用硅和硅氧化物的时期,使用浓缩和稀释的酸混合物用来清洗硅晶已有十多年的历史了.但是,当出现了铝或其他金属后,不能使用浓缩酸进行清洗,因为会对金属产生过量的破坏.近来,稀释酸混合物已成功用来高效去除铝线条和硅氧化物通孔刻蚀后的残留物,而不会对氧化物造成过量的刻蚀,也不会破坏或进一步腐蚀铝.稀释酸混合物的特征是含有两种或两种以上的硫磺酸,双氧和氢氟酸.这些化学试剂在当今的IC制造厂很容易得到,并可采用目前的清洗设备,如FSI ZETA 系统,方便地在线混合稀释.在线混合稀释化学试剂可以明显节约成本.一个批量喷雾系统可以同时处理多达100片的200mm晶圆或50片300mm晶圆,提高了产量从而节约了成本.性价比高的铝互连线条的稀释酸刻蚀后清洗已被成功验证并用于生产中.