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51.
José L. Rodríguez Rosanna M. Minardi Erica P. Schulz Olga Pieroni Pablo C. Schulz 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2012,15(2):147-155
The composition of the mixed micelles formed by benzethonium chloride and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in water were
experimentally determined by a combination of surfactant ion-selective electrodes and UV–Vis spectroscopy measurements. Results
were compared with the computed compositions from three theories on mixed micelles available in the literature (Regular Solution,
Motomura’ and Georgiev’s). The basis of the Junquera and Aicart method and the determination of the micelle aggregation number
(N) by pyrene fluorescence quenching, i.e., the constancy of N and the mixed micelle composition when the total concentration is changed, were not supported by our experimental results. Experimental micelle compositions were statistically equal to those computed
by Regular Solution Theory. The mixed micelle composition and the quantity of non-micellized surfactant molecules change with
concentration above the critical micelle concentration, and therefore do not support the assumptions used in the Junquera
and Aicart procedure and in the determination of N by pyrene fluorescence quenching. The reason why the latter procedure gives N values similar to those obtained from other techniques is discussed. 相似文献
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In distillation and absorption processes, entrainment above trays or packings reduces stage and column efficiency. A modified version of the optical multimode online probe enables a seminal insight and, thus, quantification of entrained droplets on various axial and radial positions. A purging mechanism inhibits precipitation of droplets on the front lenses, while telecentric optics and illumination provide distance‐independent and precise imaging of entrained droplets between two valve trays. Experiments were performed in a DN 450 cold flow (air‐water) test rig. The results were compared with noninvasive phase Doppler anemometry data. 相似文献
54.
Stephanie Ehlers Dr. Daiane Szczerbowski Dr. Tim Harig Dr. Matthew Stell Dr. Susan Hötling Dr. Kathy Darragh Prof. Dr. Chris D. Jiggins Prof. Dr. Stefan Schulz 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2021,22(23):3300-3313
The butterfly Heliconius erato occurs in various mimetic morphs. The male clasper scent gland releases an anti-aphrodisiac pheromone and additionally contains a complex mixture of up to 350 components, varying between individuals. In 114 samples of five different mimicry groups and their hybrids 750 different compounds were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Many unknown components occurred, which were identified using their mass spectra, gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy (GC/IR)-analyses, derivatization, and synthesis. Key compounds proved to be various esters of 3-oxohexan-1-ol and (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol with (S)-2,3-dihydrofarnesoic acid, accompanied by a large variety of other esters with longer terpene acids, fatty acids, and various alcohols. In addition, linear terpenes with up to seven uniformly connected isoprene units occur, e. g. farnesylfarnesol. A large number of the compounds have not been reported before from nature. Discriminant analyses of principal components of the gland contents showed that the iridescent mimicry group differs strongly from the other, mostly also separated, mimicry groups. Comparison with data from other species indicated that Heliconius recruits different biosynthetic pathways in a species-specific manner for semiochemical formation. 相似文献
55.
p‐type TCOs for use in transparent electronics In this article, a new type of semiconducting material is introduced. Transparent conducting thin films are already established in our everydaylife. But the type of these so‐called ?TCOs”? is dominated by electron transport, that means they are n‐type. To get transparent p‐n‐junctions and therefore transparent electronics, the missing part is a transparent p‐type material. Researchers all over the world have found different approach to produce this new generation of materials. At the Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films (IST) in Braunschweig it is now possible to produce these kind of thin films as well. 相似文献
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J. Lanschützer O. Schulz M. Thalhammer 《BHM Berg- und Hüttenm?nnische Monatshefte》2005,150(5):187-189
In November 2000 the Belgian stainless steel producer UGINE & ALZ Belgium nv, a company of the Arcelor Group, awarded VAI a contract for the upgrading and expansion of their steelmaking plant. The overall project included the revamping and supply of new equipment and systems for the steelmaking, continuous casting and environmental protection facilities. An essential part of this ambitious modernization program was the upgrading and expansion of the existing single-strand slab caster, with an output of 600 000 t/a, to a combined single- or twin-strand slab caster with a nominal production capacity of 1.2 million tons — the world’s largest stainless steel slab caster. All upgrading and installation activities had to be carried out within an extremely tight caster shut-down period of 21 days only in order to minimize production losses. This paper discusses the innovative project management solutions implemented in combination with extensive preassembly activities and workshop testing to assure the successful outcome of this project. 相似文献
59.
Journal of Chemical Ecology - MACE is an open access collection of electron impact (EI) mass spectra for coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) that serves as an add-on database,... 相似文献
60.
Jesus Palomino Oviedo Robert Metz John Schulz Ralf‐Peter Tressel Frank Pudel 《化学,工程师,技术》2014,86(8):1249-1259
Protein samples of rapeseed were prepared with different compositions as protein isolate, protein concentrate and acetylated protein concentrate. They showed functional properties which are consolidated in the coating. The manufactured protein samples were tested in a pilot‐scale paperboard coating plant. The results indicated that the use of rapeseed proteins in the coating preparation is technically feasible and that the color and roughness of the coated paperboard show no negative effect on the quality. Industry printing experiments with this coated paperboard achieved the standard quality. 相似文献