Prognostic factors of primary liver cancer

To investigate the prognostic factors of primary liver cancer (PLC) and improve the long-term results, 1,248 cases of PLC were analysed. Univariate analysis demonstrated that discovery approach, staging of PLC, original gamma-GPT, resection, radical resection, original AFP, tumor size, tumor number, and tumor capsule have very significant effects on prognosis of PLC (all P < 0.001); cirrhosis, HBsAg, local resection, and tumor embolus in portal vein were also significant difference (all P < 0.05); age, sex, original AFP, hepatitis, and differentiation of PLC cells were no significant difference (all P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that original gamma-GPT, radical resection, tumor size, and tumor number were the most significant prognostic factors (all P < 0.001). Some aspects improving long-term survival were discussed.     

精铸件结构优化设计实践

以6种典型的精密铸件为例，利用“6个千方百计”原则对产品结构进行优化设计，同时辅助有限元分析对优化结果进行再验证。通过减少大平面、避免深长孔、采用加强筋等优化措施，有效地避免了夹砂、鼓包、跑火、缩孔、裂纹等铸造缺陷，实现了少无切削和减轻铸件质量。     

Three-node, 40 Gbit/s OTDM network experiment using electro-opticswitches

The authors demonstrate, for the first time, a three node optically time division multiplexed network with a maximum capacity of 40 Gbit/s. Electro-optical switches were used for both `drop and insert' and demultiplexing, and electronic clock recovery provided synchronisation throughout the network     

High-Pressure (up to 140 MPa) Dynamic Viscosity of the Methane and Toluene System: Measurements and Comparative Study of Some Representative Models

The dynamic viscosity of toluene and methane mixtures containing 25.03, 37.19, 49.95, 64.11, and 95.00 mol% methane has been measured using a falling-body viscometer. The measurements (280 data points) have been performed in the temperature range 293.15 to 373.15 K and at pressures up to 140 MPa. The data have been discussed in the framework of recent representative models (hard-sphere scheme, friction theory, and free-volume model) as well as with simple mixing laws and empirical models (particularly the LBC model and the self-referencing model) used in the literature. This comparative study shows that the average absolute deviation of the models is between 4.9 and 26.8%, and the maximum deviation is between 11.6 and 49.5%.     

Fluidised pellet bed bioreactor: a promising technology for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.

A pilot-scale fluidised pellet bed (FPB) bioreactor, which combines chemical coagulation, biological degradation, particle pelletisation and separation in one unit, was applied for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse. As a result of rational use of inorganic coagulant and organic polymer and moderate mechanical agitation, spherical particles were generated in the upflow column and a well-fluidised bed was formed. With a continuous supply of dissolved oxygen through a recycling loop, an aerobic condition was kept in the bottom section of the FPB column. Under such conditions the pellets in the FPB column showed the following characteristics: (1) compact structure and high density; (2) rich in microorganisms; and (3) high MLSS and MLVSS concentrations. Therefore, the FPB bioreactor achieved more than 90% removal of SS, COD, BOD and TP from raw domestic wastewater within a total hydraulic retention time (HRT) of only about 30 minutes. It also showed nitrification and denitrification ability and the TN removal could be about 50% as the recycling ratio was increased to 1:1. The treated water quality is generally competitive with the secondary effluent from a conventional activated sludge process. With these advantages the FPB bioreactor is recommendable as a compact system for onsite wastewater treatment and reuse.     

Heating energy use management in residential buildings by temperature control

This paper presents the results of analytical investigations to determine the potential heating energy savings that can be achieved in residential buildings by controlling the house temperature through either night setback or night setback plus day zone setback. A typical U.S. single family house is analyzed for different levels of thermal integrity of the building envelope (i.e., levels of insulation, window glazing, and infiltration). Reduced infiltration, insulated interior walls, and various window orientations are also considered. Results are given for four major U.S. climate zones—cool, temperate, hot-humid, and hot-arid. The analysis shows that both types of setbacks are most effective in loose houses, with the greatest absolute savings for the cool climates, and the greatest percent savings for the hot climates. However, the benefits from thermostat setbacks are smaller for tighter houses, and may actually be counterproductive owing to corollary effects such as increased peak loads and degradation of system efficiency.