全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2589篇 |
免费 | 212篇 |
国内免费 | 14篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 49篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
化学工业 | 655篇 |
金属工艺 | 65篇 |
机械仪表 | 39篇 |
建筑科学 | 146篇 |
矿业工程 | 6篇 |
能源动力 | 132篇 |
轻工业 | 102篇 |
水利工程 | 12篇 |
石油天然气 | 6篇 |
无线电 | 258篇 |
一般工业技术 | 579篇 |
冶金工业 | 126篇 |
原子能技术 | 8篇 |
自动化技术 | 615篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 60篇 |
2022年 | 93篇 |
2021年 | 159篇 |
2020年 | 107篇 |
2019年 | 107篇 |
2018年 | 111篇 |
2017年 | 122篇 |
2016年 | 133篇 |
2015年 | 101篇 |
2014年 | 159篇 |
2013年 | 189篇 |
2012年 | 216篇 |
2011年 | 222篇 |
2010年 | 136篇 |
2009年 | 141篇 |
2008年 | 121篇 |
2007年 | 99篇 |
2006年 | 81篇 |
2005年 | 43篇 |
2004年 | 47篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 33篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 37篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2815条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Transitions between plant species assemblages are often continuous with the form of the transition dependent on the ‘slope’ of environmental gradients and on the style of self-organization in vegetation. Image segmentation can present misleading or even erroneous results if applied to continuous spatial changes in vegetation. Even methods that allow for multiple-class memberships of pixels presuppose the existence of ideal types of species assemblages that constitute mixtures—an assumption that does not fit the case of continua where any section of a gradient is as ‘pure’ as any other section like in modulations of grassland species composition.Thus, we attempted to spatially model floristic gradients in Bavarian meadows by extrapolating axes of an unconstrained ordination of species data. The models were based on high-resolution hyperspectral airborne imagery. We further modelled the distribution of plant functional response types (Ellenberg indicator values) and the cover values of selected species. The models were made with partial least squares (PLS) regression analyses. The realistic utility of the regression models was evaluated by full leave-one-out cross-validation.The modelled floristic gradients showed a considerable agreement with ground-based observations of floristic gradients (R2=0.71 and 0.66 for the first two axes of ordination). Apart from mapping the most important continuous floristic differences, we mapped gradients in the appearance of plant functional response groups as represented by averaged Ellenberg indicator values for soil pH (R2=0.76), water supply (R2=0.66) and nutrient supply (R2=0.75), while models for the cover of single species were weak.Compared to many other vegetation attributes, plant species composition is difficult to detect with remote sensing techniques. This is partly caused by a lack of compatibility between methods of vegetation ecology and remote sensing. We believe that the present study has the potential to increase compatibility as neither spectral nor vegetation information gets lost by a classifying step. 相似文献
82.
Selecting a Cost-Effective Test Case Prioritization Technique 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sebastian Elbaum Gregg Rothermel Satya Kanduri Alexey G. Malishevsky 《Software Quality Journal》2004,12(3):185-210
Regression testing is an expensive testing process used to validate modified software and detect whether new faults have been introduced into previously tested code. To reduce the cost of regression testing, software testers may prioritize their test cases so that those which are more important, by some measure, are run earlier in the regression testing process. One goal of prioritization is to increase a test suite's rate of fault detection. Previous empirical studies have shown that several prioritization techniques can significantly improve rate of fault detection, but these studies have also shown that the effectiveness of these techniques varies considerably across various attributes of the program, test suites, and modifications being considered. This variation makes it difficult for a practitioner to choose an appropriate prioritization technique for a given testing scenario. To address this problem, we analyze the fault detection rates that result from applying several different prioritization techniques to several programs and modified versions. The results of our analyses provide insights into which types of prioritization techniques are and are not appropriate under specific testing scenarios, and the conditions under which they are or are not appropriate. Our analysis approach can also be used by other researchers or practitioners to determine the prioritization techniques appropriate to other workloads. 相似文献
83.
Mocker A Bugiel S Auer S Baust G Colette A Drake K Fiege K Grün E Heckmann F Helfert S Hillier J Kempf S Matt G Mellert T Munsat T Otto K Postberg F Röser HP Shu A Sternovsky Z Srama R 《The Review of scientific instruments》2011,82(9):095111
Investigating the dynamical and physical properties of cosmic dust can reveal a great deal of information about both the dust and its many sources. Over recent years, several spacecraft (e.g., Cassini, Stardust, Galileo, and Ulysses) have successfully characterised interstellar, interplanetary, and circumplanetary dust using a variety of techniques, including in situ analyses and sample return. Charge, mass, and velocity measurements of the dust are performed either directly (induced charge signals) or indirectly (mass and velocity from impact ionisation signals or crater morphology) and constrain the dynamical parameters of the dust grains. Dust compositional information may be obtained via either time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the impact plasma or direct sample return. The accurate and reliable interpretation of collected spacecraft data requires a comprehensive programme of terrestrial instrument calibration. This process involves accelerating suitable solar system analogue dust particles to hypervelocity speeds in the laboratory, an activity performed at the Max Planck Institut fu?r Kernphysik in Heidelberg, Germany. Here, a 2 MV Van de Graaff accelerator electrostatically accelerates charged micron and submicron-sized dust particles to speeds up to 80 km s(-1). Recent advances in dust production and processing have allowed solar system analogue dust particles (silicates and other minerals) to be coated with a thin conductive shell, enabling them to be charged and accelerated. Refinements and upgrades to the beam line instrumentation and electronics now allow for the reliable selection of particles at velocities of 1-80 km s(-1) and with diameters of between 0.05 μm and 5 μm. This ability to select particles for subsequent impact studies based on their charges, masses, or velocities is provided by a particle selection unit (PSU). The PSU contains a field programmable gate array, capable of monitoring in real time the particles' speeds and charges, and is controlled remotely by a custom, platform independent, software package. The new control instrumentation and electronics, together with the wide range of accelerable particle types, allow the controlled investigation of hypervelocity impact phenomena across a hitherto unobtainable range of impact parameters. 相似文献
84.
85.
86.
A method for solvent screening and searching for additives in the field of physical absorption processes is presented. A model based on the concept of virtual components and on the concept of a simplified abstract flow sheet is created. An estimation procedure for thermodynamically consistent property sets for the virtual component is developed. The model is implemented into MATLAB®. Its application is demonstrated in two studies including a study for a solvent additive. Potential candidates can be characterized and ranges for properties of the solvent or additive are found by means of the model. Conclusions obtained from the model support the screening process by a reduction of the number of further investigated components. 相似文献
87.
In continuous steel or concrete structures with surface-mounted fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plates as flexural reinforcement, self-equilibrating moments can influence the loads at first yield and at failure, the latter due to potential buckling of the FRP plate or to end-peel both on account of offsets between points of contraflexure and the nearby FRP curtailments. In this paper, expressions are derived for the total (including self-equilibrating) moments along 2-span continuous structures with differential settlement. The expressions show how moments depend on support-to-member stiffness ratios and on distributions of section stiffness for service and ultimate limit states. Thus, the analysis is generic, applicable to FRP-reinforced steel and concrete structures. This analysis is verified via test data (including observation of end-peel in FRP compression curtailment zones offset from nearby contraflexure) and is used to construct 3D plots that facilitate identification of stiffness ratios which lead to significant self-equilibrating moments and contraflexure offset effects. Use of the plots to assess influences of differential settlement on laboratory test specimens is discussed. The analysis is shown to lead to an unprecedented result, namely that a unique point of load application exists for which changes to the stiffness layout have no impact on the moment distribution. 相似文献
88.
Purpose: The aim of this work was to estimate the multifractal spectra of 3D surface roughness for unworn hydrogel contact lenses (CL), obtained with atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. Materials and methods: Contact lenses made from vifilcon A (Focus® Monthly Toric Visitint® model, CIBA Vision Corp.) were investigated. CL surface roughness was studied by AFM in tapping‐mode™, in an aqueous environment, on square areas ranging from 1 to 4 μm2. A detailed methodology for CL surface multifractal characterization, which may be applied for AFM data, was presented. Results: The CL surface roughness revealed multifractal geometry at various magnifications. The generalized dimension Dq and the singularity spectrum f(α) provided quantitative values that characterize the local scale properties of CL surface geometry at nanometer scale. Conclusions: Multifractal analysis provides different yet complementary information to that offered by traditional surface statistical parameters. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:1066–1080, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
89.
90.