On the different forms of the azeotropic relationship

Gurikov’s equation extended to multicomponent systems is not an independent form of the azeotropic relationship, but only a derivative of Zharov’s form. A new form of the azeotropic relationship has been derived from Serafimov’s equation.     

Distillation trajectories for the first-class fractionation of zeotropic mixtures

Phase portraits of distillation trajectories for first-class fractionation are considered for three-component mixtures, including the case of the feed composition belonging to an α = 1 manifold.     

Adhesive Bond Properties of Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate Modified with Poly(methylmethacrylate)

The mechanical properties of the adhesively bonded joints with ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate and ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate modified with poly(methylmethacrylate) were determined. The modifier lowers tensile stiffness, increases deformability and relaxation of the adhesive bond and improves impact resistance. A morphological structure similar to an interpenetrating network system is suggested which arises from the rapid polymerization of the solvent. The results obtained may be helpful for the design of joints with cyanoacrylate bonding.     

Mathematical modeling and vector fields of dynamical systems in chemical technology of organic substances

Some aspects of mathematical modeling used in chemical technology have been considered. The most attention has been concentrated on the mathematical models in differential form, for which the investigation of common regularities of multidimensional vector fields of dynamical systems, based on which the driving force of the process is formed, represents a necessary step. The classification of vector fields used in particular in the case of consideration of chemical reactions and reactors, separation processes and combined reaction-mass transfer processes has been performed. The studies of vector fields, which are typical of the chemical technology process under discussion make it possible to meaningfully proceed to the numerical mathematical modeling of this process on a computer.     

Special distillation regime involving an infinite reflux ratio and an infinite number of separation stages

Distillation at an infinite reflux ratio in combination with an infinite number of trays has been investigated.     

Nonlocal Properties of the Phase-Separation Diagrams of Multiphase Systems

Relationships describing the nonlocal properties of phase-separation diagrams are derived for multiphase multicomponent systems. These relationships are based on the Euler equation, the correspondence principle, and the rule of contiguity of regions. A classification of phase-separation diagrams is suggested.     

Determination of concentration regions of existence of ternary azeotropes: Systems showing mixed deviations from ideal behavior

Regions of possible existence of ternary azeotropes are located in three-component systems whose binary liquid phases show mixed deviations from ideal behavior.     

Special cases of determination of the minimum reflux ratio for distillation of binary mixtures

Specific features of the representation of liquid-vapor equilibrium data for binary mixtures and the realization of a pinch regime in minimum reflux calculations are considered. The pinch regime at minimum reflux is possible provided that the second derivative of the vapor composition with respect to the liquid composition is positive between the composition of the final product and the feed composition.     

Analogues of K = 1 and α = 1 manifolds in multicomponent fractional distillation

Analogues of K = 1 and α = 1 lines for the dynamic systems of batch distillation and continuous fractional distillations at infinite and minimum reflux ratios are considered. Along with singular points, these analogues constitute the structure of phase portraits of the dynamic systems.