Thermodynamics of heterogeneous systems with chemical interaction

The principles of analysis of phase transitions and shifts in equilibrium in systems with chemical reactions using elements of linear algebra and conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium and stability are presented.     

Reactive distillation involving multiple chemical reactions: Principles of statics analysis

The problems of statics analysis are formulated for reactive distillation processes involving multiple chemical reactions. Constraints imposed on the reactive distillation models usable in the statics analysis are established. Rules are formulated for constructing trial trajectories for reactive distillation with multiple chemical reactions and for feasibility analysis of predicted steady states. A reactive distillation statics analysis algorithm is developed.     

Minimum-reflux regime of simple distillation columns

A general algorithm for calculating minimum reflux ratios in simple distillation columns used for the separation of ideal and nonideal (including azeotropic) homogeneous multicomponent mixtures is proposed. The algorithm deals with various splits: direct, indirect, intermediate, and with one distributed component. The algorithm is mathematically rigorous, developed on the basis of the geometrical theory of distillation, and makes it possible to consider the special features of nonideal mixtures (tangent pinch, necessity of using nonadiabatic columns).     

Specific features of temperature scalar field and tie-line vector field diagrams for three-component two-phase systems

The folds in the scalar field of equilibrium temperatures are analyzed for three-component two-phase systems. The folds and α = 1 lines are qualitatively mapped for various classes of systems. The regularities observed along the folds are confirmed by mathematical modeling.     

Behavior of Scalar Steady-State Temperature Fields in Multicomponent Mixtures

The van der Waals–Storonkin equation is analyzed. The temperature fields in the liquid and vapor phases are demonstrated to be topologically similar. The laws governing the mutual arrangement of -lines and the lines of conditional temperature extrema are deduced and verified by a computational experiment.     

Konovalov’s first law validity for multicomponent azeotropic mixtures

Complete conditions for the validity of Konovalov’s first law in multicomponent azeotropic systems are found.     

Heterogeneous systems of extractive rectification with one high-boiling component

The behavior of fold lines in the scalar fields of equilibrium temperatures and univolatility lines for the extractive rectification of azeotropic two-phase binary systems by one high-boiling agent is analyzed.     

Selecting extracting agents for separation of biazeotropic binary mixtures by extractive distillation

Basic diagram structures for extractive distillation systems are considered. The mutual arrangement of α = 1 lines and pseudoideal lines is analyzed for the case in which the mixture to be separated is biazeotropic. The diagram structures allowing the separation of the mixture in the presence of a particular extracting agent are determined.