Possibilities of production of nanopowders with high power ELV electron accelerator

Electron-beam evaporation of various natural and industrial materials in the atmosphere of different gases at atmospheric pressure can be used for the synthesis of nanosize powders. These powders are characterized by high purity and may exhibit unusual properties. In particular, nanopowders of silicon dioxide and oxide (SiO₂, SiO), magnesia (MgO), alumina (Al₂O₃), titania (TiO₂), gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃), various metals (tantalum, molybdenum, nickel, aluminium, copper, silver), semiconductor (Si), nitrides (AlN, TiN), and some other substances had been produced. The process of nanopowder synthesis is highly effective; in particular, the yield of oxides can exceed ten kilograms per hour.     

Experimental Study of Laminar Convective Condensation of Pure Vapor Inside an Inclined Circular Tube

Convective condensation of pure ethanol vapor inside a smooth tube of inner diameter 4.8 mm and of length 200 mm is studied. The experiments have been carried out at temperature 58°C corresponding to the pressure of 440 mbar, the vapor mass velocity varying from 0.24 to 2.04 kg/(m² s). The dependency of the Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) is investigated experimentally both subject to the temperature difference between the saturated vapor and the wall and subject to the condenser inclination. The results show that the HTC reduces with growth of the temperature difference. The dependency of the HTC on inclination has a maximum in the range 15°–35° due to the complex gravity drainage mechanism of the condensed liquid. The results could be useful for development of compact effective cooling systems for space and ground application.     

Levels of presenting ontologies,languages, mathematical models,and ontology web-server project in Web 2.0

This paper presents an ontology web-server project in Web 2.0 that allows the collaborative development of ontologies. The levels of presenting ontologies and mathematical models underlying these presentations are discussed. The CASL language (Common Algebraic Specification Language) is reviewed.     

Nanostructured coatings produced by a novel ultrasonic-assisted method: Coating characterisation and formation mechanism

In this study, we introduce a novel method of mechanical plating to produce nanopowder coatings on a number of metal substrates by using TiN nanopowder as a representative example. This method, proposed earlier by the authors, allows a coating to be applied at room temperatures and atmospheric pressure in a relatively short time. These coatings were characterised for microhardness, roughness, and scratch adhesion. Their micro- and nanostructures were investigated by SEM and TEM. On the basis of the results of these analyses, possible mechanisms of coating formation were tentatively proposed and discussed. To further elucidate the coating formation mechanisms and to estimate the process capability, a mathematical model was developed and verified against the experimental results.     

Yellow–green organic light-emitting diode based on tris(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate) scandium

Efficient yellow–green electroluminescence emission at λ_max = 530 nm with CIE coordinates x = 0.3913, y = 0.4947 was obtained with organic light-emitting devices based on tris(2-methyl-8-quinolinolate) scandium (1). The device with the configuration of indium tin oxide/N,N′-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine/1/Yb exhibits current efficiency of 3.1 cd/A and power efficiency of 1.8 lm/W at a luminance of 100 cd/m². The DFT calculations demonstrate that structural changes of the scandium complex 1 influence the electroluminescence spectrum, the better agreement with experimental data being achieved when monodentate ligands are taken into consideration.     

West Siberian palsa peatlands: distribution,typology, cyclic development,present day climate-driven changes,seasonal hydrology and impact on CO2 cycle

Palsa peatlands occupy extensive areas in Western Siberia which is one of the most paludified flat lowlands of the world. Climatic changes in Western Siberia are more dramatic compared with other northern regions, and changes in palsa landscapes are more notable due to the severe continental climate here. The distribution, peculiarities and climate-indication capacities of West Siberian palsas are poorly known outside Russia. Thus, Western Siberia is one of the most interesting vast natural polygons for studying climate-driven changes in the landscapes. This paper aims to fill the gap in knowledge on West Siberian palsas and their capacity as a climate regulator. We present issues in distribution, typology and cyclic development of palsa peatlands and their actual climate-driven changes. We also analyse the role of palsas in the atmospheric cycle of CO₂, and the hydrology of the palsa regions.     

Combustion in Ni–Al System with Cu Additive (Powder or Rod). Experiment and Mathematical Model

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals - Experimental studies have been carried out with theoretical calculations of wave synthesis in the Ni–Al–Cu system using a mathematical model....