Patient Physiological Parameters (PPPs) seem to be the most extensively accessed and utilized Personal Health Information (PHI) in hospitals, and their utilization by the various medical entities for treatment and diagnosis creates a real threat to patient privacy. This study aims to investigate whether PPPs access in a hospital environment violates patient privacy. If so, to what extent can we manage patient privacy while accessing PPPs in this environment? We investigated this question by analyzing questionnaire-based data from two Asian countries: Group A (China) and Group B (Pakistan). For data collection, we targeted those medical entities which were directly dealing with PPPs in their routine tasks. Results suggest that patient type directly influences the collection of PPPs: Group A (one-time?=?1.9, follow-up?=?1.06) and Group B (one-time?=?2.0 and follow-up?=?1.9). Both groups agreed that patients have the right to control their own PPPs. In both, doctors are the most trusted entity: for Group A, the Pearson Chi-Square with one degree of freedom is 1.414, p?=?0.234, whereas for Group B, the Pearson Chi-Square with three degrees of freedom is 4.511, p?=?0.11. Most of the Group A entities (92%) are familiar with unauthorized access of PPPs, while in Group B the level was only 35%. In Group B, only 35% of entities stated the purpose, specification and use limitations of PPPs. Doctors in both groups showed a high utilization of PPPs read authorization rights. This empirical evidence about PPPs usage in both countries will benefit health technology and improve policy on patient privacy. 相似文献
Recently, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) has witnessed significant attention from both academia and industries in research and development, due to the growing number of applications for wide range of purposes including commercial, scientific, environmental and military. Some of the major applications include pollution monitoring, tactical surveillance, tsunami warnings and offshore exploration. Efficient communication among sensors in UWSNs is a challenging task due to the harsh environments and peculiar characteristics of UWSNs. Therefore, design of routing protocol for efficient communication among sensors and sink is one of the fundamental research themes in UWSNs. In this context, this paper proposes a location-free Reliable and Energy efficient Pressure-Based Routing (RE-PBR) protocol for UWSNs. RE-PBR considers three parameters including link quality, depth and residual energy for balancing energy consumption and reliable data delivery. Specifically, link quality is estimated using triangle metric method. A light weight information acquisition algorithm is developed for efficient knowledge discovery of the network. Multi-metric data forwarding algorithm is designed based on route cost calculation which utilizes residual energy and link quality. Simulations are carried out in NS-2 with Aqua-Sim package to evaluate the performance of RE-PBR. The performance of the proposed protocol is compared with the stat-of-the-art techniques: DBR and EEDBR. The comprehensive performance evaluation attests the benefit of RE-PBR as compared to the state-of-the-art techniques in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. 相似文献
In this paper, using a first principles calculation, a two-dimensional structure of silicon-antimony named penta-Sb\(_{2}\)Si is predicted. The structural, kinetic, and thermal stabilities of the predicted monolayer are confirmed by the cohesive energy calculation, phonon dispersion analysis, and first principles molecular dynamic simulation, respectively. The electronic properties investigation shows that the pentagonal Sb\(_{2}\)Si monolayer is a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of about 1.53 eV (2.1 eV) from GGA-PBE (PBE0 hybrid functional) calculations which can be effectively engineered by employing external biaxial compressive and tensile strain. Furthermore, the optical characteristics calculation indicates that the predicted monolayer has considerable optical absorption and reflectivity in the ultraviolet region. The results suggest that a Sb\(_{2}\)Si monolayer has very good potential applications in new nano-optoelectronic devices. 相似文献
A current operational amplifier (COA) with very high current drive capability is presented in this paper. The principle of
operation of this unique structure is discussed, its most important formulas are derived and its outstanding performance is
verified by HSPICE simulation in TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS, BSIM3, and Level49 technology. Owing to the elaborately arranged components,
the proposed circuit demonstrates very high frequency bandwidth, extremely high CMRR, high output impedance, and true rail
to rail output voltage swing range while operating at very low power supply of ±0.5 V. The interesting results such as current
drive capability of ±1 mA, high output impedance of 5 GΩ, wide gain bandwidth of 220 MHz, extremely high output voltage swing
of ±0.45 V, which interestingly provides the highest yet reported output voltage compliance for current mode building blocks
implemented by regular CMOS technology, low static power consumption of 159 μW, and very high CMRR of 155 dB is achieved utilizing
standard CMOS technology. Full process, voltage, and temperature variation analysis of the circuit is also investigated in
order to approve the well robustness of the structure. The transient stepwise and sinusoidal response analysis is also done
to verify the proposed COA stability. 相似文献
Telecommunication Systems - In this paper, a physical-layer network coding (PNC) method is offered for a two-way relay network with spatial modulation (SM) for source node and relay node. For this... 相似文献
We herein propose a heuristic redundancy selection algorithm that combines resubmission, replication, and checkpointing redundancies to reduce the resiliency overhead in fault‐tolerant workflow scheduling. The appropriate combination of these redundancies for workflow tasks is obtained in two consecutive phases. First, to compute the replication vector (number of task replicas), we apportion the set of provisioned resources among concurrently executing tasks according to their needs. Subsequently, we obtain the optimal checkpointing interval for each task as a function of the number of replicas and characteristics of tasks and computational environment. We formulate the problem of obtaining the optimal checkpointing interval for replicated tasks in situations where checkpoint files can be exchanged among computational resources. The results of our simulation experiments, on both randomly generated workflow graphs and real‐world applications, demonstrated that both the proposed replication vector computation algorithm and the proposed checkpointing scheme reduced the resiliency overhead. 相似文献
Current localization techniques in outdoors cannot work well in indoors. Wi-Fi fingerprinting technique is an emerging localization technique for indoor environments. However in this technique, the dynamic nature of WiFi signals affects the accuracy of the measurements. In this paper, we use affinity propagation clustering method to decrease the computation complexity in location estimation. Then, we use the least variance of Received Signal Strength (RSS) measured among Access Points (APs) in each cluster. Also we assign lower weights to altering APs for each point in a cluster, to represent the level of similarity to Test Point (TP) by considering the dynamic nature of signals in indoor environments. A method for updating the radio map and improving the results is then proposed to decrease the cost of constructing the radio map. Simulation results show that the proposed method has 22.5% improvement in average in localization results, considering one altering AP in the layout, compared to the case when only RSS subset sampling is considered for localization because of altering APs.
Wireless Personal Communications - Smart Home is one of the most established applications of the Internet of Things. Almost every equipment we use in our daily life—appliances, electric... 相似文献
Journal of Signal Processing Systems - This paper presents an algorithm-adaptable, scalable, and platform-portable generator for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) baseband processing... 相似文献