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81.
M. A. Ali M. A. Gafur M. S. Rahman G. M. Ahmed 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1985,62(3):520-523
The kernels of 10 different mango varieties were extracted. The physico-chemical characteristics and lipid class composition
of fats were studied. The fat content of mango kernels grown under the soil and climatic conditions of Bangladesh varied from
7.1% to 10%, depending on the variety. The total lipid extracts were fractionated into lipid classes by a combination of column
and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The hydrocarbon and sterol esters varied from 0.3% to 0.7%, triglycerides from 55.6%
to 91.5%, partial glycerides from 2.3% to 4% and free sterol from 0.3% to 0.6%. Free fatty acids amounted to 3.0–37% as oleic;
glycolipids were 0.6–1.2% and phospholipids 0.11–0.8%. The fatty acid composition of triglyceride (TG) fractions was analyzed
by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Palmitic acid varied from 7.9 molar % to 10.0 molar %, stearic from 38.2% to 40.2%, oleic
from 41.1% to 43.8%, linoleic from 6.0% to 7.6%, linolenic from 0.6% to 1.0% and arachidic acid from 1.7% to 2.6%. TLC revealed
the presence of lyso-phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidic
acid in the phospholipid fraction. 相似文献
82.
Thermoplastic interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) are mixtures of two physically crosslinked polymers. Thermoplastic IPNs were prepared by blending an SBS triblock elastomer with a 1,2-polybutadiene that was ionically-terminated at both ends. The morphologies of these IPNs were studied using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. It was concluded that the ionomer was incompatible with the SBS elastomer, since the Tgs of both the 1,2-polybutadiene from the ionomer and the essentially 1,4-polybutadiene from the SBS component were observable at temperatures that were close to those of the individual components. The addition of the polybutadiene material had, however, an influence on the relaxation processes of the polystyrene blocks. The polystyrene glass transition in the pure SBS copolymer is broadened by the interfacial region between polystyrene and polybutadiene. The low temperature shoulder was much more pronounced when the ion-terminated polybutadiene was present, indicating it has a preference to be located in these interfacial regions. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
83.
Yuichiro?Furukawa Kazuyuki?InubushiEmail author Mochamad?Ali A.?M.?Itang Haruo?Tsuruta 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》2005,71(1):81-91
Monthly measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes in peat soils were carried out and compared with groundwater level over a year at four sites (drained forest, upland cassava,upland and lowland paddy fields) located in Jambi province, Indonesia. Fluxes from swamp forest soils were also measured once per year as the native state of this investigated area. Land-use change from drained forest to lowland paddy field significantly decreased the CO2 (from 266 to 30 mg C m–2 h–1) and N2O fluxes (from 25.4 to 3.8 g N m–2 h–1), but increased the CH4 flux (from 0.1 to 4.2 mg C m–2 h–1) in the soils. Change from drained forest to cassava field significantly increased N2O flux (from 25.4 to 62.2 g N m–2 h–1), but had no significant influence on CO2 (from 266 to 200 mg C m–2 h–1) and CH4 fluxes (from 0.1 to 0.3 mg C m–2 h–1) in the soils. Averaged CO2 fluxes in the swamp forests (94 mg C m–2 h–1) were estimated to be one-third of that in the drained forest. Groundwater levels of drained forest and upland crop fields had been lowered by drainage ditches while swamp forest and lowland paddy field were flooded, although groundwater levels were also affected by precipitation. Groundwater levels were negatively related to CO2 flux but positively related to CH4 flux at all investigation sites. The peak of the N2O flux was observed at –20 cm of groundwater level. Lowering the groundwater level by 10 cm from the soil surface resulted in a 50 increase in CO2 emission (from 109.1 to 162.4 mg C m–2 h–1) and a 25% decrease in CH4 emission (from 0.440 to 0.325 mg C m–2 h–1) in this study. These results suggest that lowering of groundwater level by the drainage ditches in the peat lands contributes to global warming and devastation of fields. Swamp forest was probably the best land-use management in peat lands to suppress the carbon loss and greenhouse gas emission. Lowland paddy field was a better agricultural system in the peat lands in terms of C sequestration and greenhouse gas emission. Carbon loss from lowland paddy field was one-eighth of that of the other upland crop systems, although the Global Warming Potential was almost the same level as that of the other upland crop systems because of CH4 emission through rice plants. 相似文献
84.
Mohamed Zerrougui Mohamed Darouach Latifa Boutat-Baddas Harouna Souley Ali 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2014,12(3):590-598
In this paper, we consider the H ∞ filters design for singular bilinear systems. The approach is based on the parameterized solution of a set of constrained Sylvester equations. The exponential convergence and l 2 gain attenuation problems are solved by using the bounded real lemma, which leads to linear matrix inequalities (LMI) formulation. Finally, a detailed design procedure is given for the estimation of the states of a flexible joint robot, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. 相似文献
85.
Tavakoli Rouhollah Mohseni Seyyed Mohammad 《Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization》2014,49(4):621-642
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization - A new algorithm for the solution of multimaterial topology optimization problems is introduced in the present study. The presented method is based on... 相似文献
86.
Juan Chirinos Jose Arévalo Tamara Rajmankina Angel Morillo Darmenia Ibarra Ali Bahsas Alvaro Parada 《Polymer Bulletin》2004,51(5-6):381-387
Summary The complex
5-(C5H5)2Ti
(1-OC(O)C6H5)2
was synthesized and activated with MA0 for ethylene
polymerization. The resultant polymer is UHMW-PE with a
viscosimetric molecular weight of Mv = 6.8 x
106 to 0.7 x
106 g/mol dependent on the
temperature of the reaction. The effects of the Al/Ti molar
ratio and temperature of the reaction on the catalytic activity
and polymer properties were studied. 相似文献
87.
Polyfunctional monomers (PFMs), namely, trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), trimethylol propane triacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and diethylene glycol diacrylate were blended with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and exposed to different doses of EB irradiation. Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet and UV–vis spectroscopy of the unirradiated, irradiated, unloaded, and PFMs‐loaded LDPE films were studied under various irradiation doses up to 300 kGy. The degree of crosslinking and oxidative degradation, as measured by the spectroscopic parameters, were dependent on both the irradiation dose and the type of loaded PFMs. For all of the loaded monomers, the extent of crosslinking increased at different rates as a function of irradiation dose. TMPTMA monomer was the most efficient in enhancing the crosslinking of LDPE films compared to the other loaded monomers. However, the unloaded LDPE film showed the least extent of crosslinking. In addition, the EB‐radiation‐induced changes, such as trans‐vinylene formation, a decrease in vinyl and vinylidene unsaturation; and carbonyl double‐bond formation and change in crystallinity were correlated. The importance of these results on the prediction of the role of polyfunctional monomers in the production of crosslinked polymers is discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2025–2035, 2003 相似文献
88.
Ali Boztu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,94(4):1586-1589
In this study, I aimed to change the thermomechanical characteristics of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), which is widely used in commercial areas. Copolymers containing maleic anhydride (MA) units are commonly used to obtain compatible polymer blends. In our study, PVC blends were also prepared with the terpolymers with and without anhydride units. I assumed that the impact of the terpolymer on the thermomechanical characteristics of the PVC material could be more effectively controlled. For this purpose, two sets of six different blends of PVC with or without MA were synthesized, among which one was pure PVC, but the other five blends contained 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% terpolymer. In conclusion, I observed that the terpolymer with the MA unit more regularly changed the thermomechanical characteristics of PVC. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1586–1589, 2004 相似文献
89.
Raina Aman Qazi Mohammad Saleem Khan Luqman Ali Shah Rizwan Ullah Ayesha Kausar Rozina Khattak 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2020,59(9):928-951
ABSTRACTFabrication of electronic materials from nanocomposite of biopolyesters reinforced with carbon nanotubes can be regarded as the effective alternative for conventional nanocomposites consisting of non-biodegradable polymers. Commercial availability of biopolyester-based nanocomposites is limited because of their high cost compared to other polymers, but the factor of their compostable nature is worthless for environmental protection. Such nanocomposites have potential applications in biodegradable sensors, EMI materials, etc. In this review, the current progress of biopolyester/CNTs nanocomposites in the field of biodegradable electronics is reviewed and also the impact of CNTs dispersion on electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of eco composites is stipulated. 相似文献
90.
Hatice Kaplan Can A. Lale Doan Zakir M. O. Rzaev Ayegül Hasegeli Uner Ali Güner 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,100(5):3425-3432
The ternary copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA), vinyl acetate (VA), and acrylic acid (AA) [P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA)], which is considered to be an acceptor–donor–acceptor system, was carried out in 1,4‐dioxane with benzoyl peroxide as an initiator at 70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Constants of complex formation for the monomer systems in the study were determined by UV–visible (hydrogen‐bonding complex) and 1H‐NMR (charge transfer complex) methods, respectively. The results show that polymerization of the P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) system proceeds by an alternating terpolymerization mechanism. It is shown that the synthesized copolymers have typical polyelectrolyte behavior, ability for reversible hydrolysis–anhydrization reactions, and semicrystalline structures. In these cases, including radical polymerization, and formation of semicrystalline structures, the hydrogen‐bonding effect plays a significant role. The in vitro cytotoxicities of the synthesized terpolymer and alternating copolymer were evaluated using Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cell line). The antitumor activities of prepared anion‐active copolymers were studied using methyl–thiazol–tetrazolium colorimetric assay and 50% of the cytotoxic dose of each copolymer and terpolymer were calculated. Hydrolyzed P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) and P(MA‐alt‐AA) copolymers have sufficiently high antitumor activity, which depends on the amount of hydrogen‐bonding carboxylic groups and their regular distribution in the side chain of functional macromolecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3425–3432, 2006 相似文献