基于流固耦合的闸板防喷器建模及有限元分析

为了更加准确地分析流体对闸板剪切力的影响规律,需要对闸板防喷器剪切钻杆进行流固耦合分析。以钻杆窜动和扭转2种动态工况为例,利用SolidWorks建立闸板防喷器三维模型,并对防喷器内部流体域进行有限元建模,输出到ANSYS Fluent进行有限元分析。结果表明:在闸板剪切钻杆过程中,流体达到稳态后,在钻杆窜动工况下,流体力随钻杆受载荷力增大而减小; 在钻杆扭转工况下,流体力随钻杆扭转角度而变化,在扭转90°时流体力最大。研究结果可为防喷器剪切闸板的剪切能力分析及结构设计提供参考。     

Multipath optical thermometry realized in CaSc2O4: Yb3+/Er3+ with high sensitivity and superior resolution

Design and fabrication of contactless optical thermometer with rapid and accurate performance has become a research hotspot in recent years. Herein, CaSc₂O₄: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ is employed as the intermediary for temperature sensing under the excitation of 980 nm, which is proven to afford an ultra-sensitive and high-resolution optical thermometry in multiple ways based on the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) technology. The optimal thermal sensing behaviors are realized by the FIR of Er³⁺:²H_11/2 → ⁴I_15/2 to ⁴S_3/2 → ⁴I_15/2 transition, which has a relative sensitivity of 1184/T² and a minimal resolution of 0.03 K along with a maximal absolute error of 0.96 K. Besides that, the FIR between the thermally coupled Stark sublevels of Er³⁺:⁴F_9/2 manifold (FIR_R) as well as that of Er³⁺: ⁴I_13/2 manifold (FIR_N) can also provide excellent optical thermometry. The relative sensitivity of FIR_R-based and FIR_N-based optical thermometers are calculated to be 402/T² and 366/T², respectively, with a same minimal resolution of 0.09 K, which possess the potential to be used for biomedicine due to the inherent advantage of their operating wavelengths located in the biological window. The results demonstrate that CaSc₂O₄: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺ is a promising candidate for temperature sensing with multipath, high sensitivity, and superior resolution.     

Sintering behaviors and properties of porous ceramics derived from artificially cultured diatom frustules

Bimodal porous ceramics with high strength have been fabricated by conventional powder metallurgy utilizing artificially cultured diatom frustules (DFs). The effect of sintering temperature on thermal behaviors, phase transition, and pore structures features of DFs-based porous ceramics is investigated between 800 and 1200°C. The phase evolution of DFs powders is investigated with thermal analysis (DIL and DSC-TG). Phase transition behaviors analyzed with XRD, Raman, and FT-IR spectra confirm the transformation of quartz into cristobalite phases occurs under 1050°C. Sintering under 950°C could bind DFs powders tightly into high strength porous ceramics while maintain the multilayer pore structures simultaneously, having porosity of 56.4%, compressive strength of 15.0 MPa and surface area of 50.9 m²/g, respectively. Slit-shaped microstructures and mesopores (2-50 nm) are observed in DFs-based porous ceramics sintered under 1050°C. Collapse and blockage of pore structures as well as partial fusion of DFs particles happened at the temperature of 1100°C, indicating the presence of diminished multilayers and particle agglomeration.     

Spatial distribution of silica fillers in phase-separated rubber blends investigated by three-dimensional elemental mapping

The distribution of nano-sized silica in binary rubber blends is characterized by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). 3D distribution of silica is visualized by STEM-EDX tomography with the tilt-series of silicon elemental maps, while the phase-separated morphologies of polyisoprene rubber (IR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) are visualized by STEM-tomography in high-angle-annular-dark field (HAADF) mode. The combination of STEM-EDX and STEM-HAADF tomography enables us to determine the distribution of silica between the two rubber phases quantitatively even with high contents of silica up to 70 phr (weight parts per hundred rubber). It is found that silica is preferentially distributed in the SBR phase, but it is also distributed in the IR phase when the IR fraction in the total rubber components is higher than 40 wt%. The preferential distribution of silica in the SBR phase improves the dispersion of the IR domains. This is the first use of this technique for a multicomponent polymer system, showing the advantage to characterize the complicated multicomponent polymer composite morphologies.     

碳纳米纤维增强聚甲醛复合材料制备及性能

通过纳米碳纤维(CNFs)在聚甲醛(POM)基体中的均匀分散以及取向,制备了具有优异力学性能和热性能的POM/CNFs复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、拉伸性能测试、热重分析、动态热机械分析测试表征了POM/CNFs复合材料的结构和力学、热学性能。结果表明,CNFs与POM分子链形成氢键相互作用,促进了CNFs在POM基体内分散,同时使POM/CNFs复合材料的结晶度显著提高。随着CNFs含量增加,POM/CNFs复合材料的拉伸强度、储能模量和损耗模量均得到提高。当添加0.5%的CNFs时,拉伸强度、储能模量及损耗模量分别提高了20.5%,127%和58%。进一步研究了高温拉伸对POM/CNFs复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,CNFs沿拉伸方向定向排列,同时复合材料拉伸后结晶度提高,拉伸强度显著增加。     

VIENNA整流器的重复控制实现

VIENNA整流器应用非常广泛,有着很高的研究价值,如何抑制其电流谐波是控制设计的难点之一.在诸多控制方法中,比例谐振以及重复控制是较为突出的方法,而重复控制在抑制谐波方面,较比例谐振控制在控制器的结构上有着更为简单、便于实现的优势.针对VIENNA整流器比例积分(PI)重复控制的设计进行了分析.从理论上分析了其较单PI控制的优劣,从便于工程实现角度出发,介绍了重复控制应用于VIENNA整流器完整的设计步骤,并且通过实际应用验证了该方案的有效性.     

基于2M光接口的线路保护通信通道设计与应用

传统的光纤复用保护通道需将保护装置发出的光信号通过光电转换设备变成电信号后再复用进SDH传输,对端也需将收到的电信号转换成光信号后送到保护装置.这种方式增加了中间转换环节,致使信号传输效率低、时延较大、故障隐患较多.针对上述问题,设计了一种基于2M光接口的光纤复用保护通道,省去中间转换环节.应用结果表明,通道方式结构简单,传输稳定,安装调试环节减少,能够满足保护通道要求.     

Moire Patterns of θ''''Precipitates in Al-Cu Alloy

A θ＇precipitate in an Al-Cu alloy was imaged.Its Moire patterns shown by TEM were discussed.     

RuO2含量对Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／RuO2＋PbO2阳极性台皂的影响

采用热分解法制备了以钛为基体、SnO2＋Sb2O3为中间层、RuO2＋PbO2为活性层的Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／RuO2＋PbO2电极。应用极化曲线法和循环伏安法测定不同RuO2含量下电极在25℃，0．5mol／LH2SO4溶液中的电催化活性。实验结果表明，随着RuO2含量的增加，相同电极电位下的电流密度增大；相同的扫描速率下，RuO2含量增加，电极的伏安电荷值增加，即电极的电催化活性随着RuO2含量的增加而增加。在1．0mol／LH2SO4溶液中，60℃、电流密度为2．0A／cm^2条件下，电极寿命快速检测结果表明，Ti／SnO2＋Sb2O3／RuO2＋PbO2电极的寿命随RuO2含量的增加而下降；但与不加有SnO2＋Sb2O3中间层的Ti／RuO2＋PbO2电极相比，电极寿命则显著增加。RuO2的含量还对电极的表面形貌有明显的影响。     

Dislocation Structures in a BulkPb－doped Bi－SrCa－Cu－O High Temperature Superconductor

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