大口径管道带水抢修

包头地区1996年5月3日发生6.4级强烈地震,给包钢生产造成重大损失,地震发生后,包钢生产用动力系统发生多起事故.本文针对4#高炉工业回水管道(φ1220×10)震后发生断裂,如何在保证不停止生产的前提下,采取什么措施进行管道带水抢修进行了阐述,本文是经过现场抢修过程总结而来,对今后大口径管道带水抢修提供了宝贵的经验.     

Comparative severity of respiratory lesions of sialodacryoadenitis virus and Sendai virus infections in LEW and F344 rats

In several chronic diseases, lesions are more severe in LEW rats than in F344 rats. To determine whether or not acute viral diseases also are more severe in LEW rats than in F344 rats, we inoculated 6-7-week-old LEW and F344 rats with 10(7.2) cell culture infective units of sialodacryoadenitis virus or 10(4.7) infective units of Sendai virus. Twenty-four rats of each strain were given each virus. Lesions in nasal passages, tracheas, intrapulmonary airways, and pulmonary alveoli in 6 or 12 rats inoculated with each virus were assessed by scoring 5, 10, and 14 days after inoculation. Both viruses caused typical patchy necrotizing rhinitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis, with multifocal pneumonitis, in rats of both strains. Mean lesion indices for LEW rats given sialodacryoadenitis virus were significantly different from those for F344 rats for nasal passages on days 10 (0.999 vs. 0.680) and 14 (0.736 vs. 0.278), bronchi on day 5 (0.479 vs. 0.361), and alveoli on day 5 (0.677 vs. 0.275). Lesion indices for LEW rats given Sendai virus were significantly different from those for F344 rats for nasal passages on days 10 (1.000 vs. 0.611) and 14 (0.778 vs. 0.583); trachea on day 10 (0.625 vs. 0.028); bronchi on days 5 (0.476 vs. 0.331), 10 (0.123 vs. 0.013), and 14 (0.038 vs. 0); and alveoli on days 5 (0.413 vs. 0.114) and 10 (0.185 vs. 0.020). Thus, at the tested doses, both viruses caused more severe respiratory tract lesions in LEW rats than in F344 rats.     

Influence of lattice self-heating and hot-carrier transport ondevice performance

As device technologies improve, the traditional drift-diffusion transport model becomes inadequate to predict the performance of state-of-the-art semiconductor devices. The reasons are believed to be the larger field and field gradient inside advanced devices which cause lattice heating and hot carrier nonlocal transport phenomena. For more accurate prediction on device performance, a new device simulator capable of full thermodynamic simulation was developed. The carrier and carrier energy transport equations are directly derived from the Boltzmann transport equation, and the energy transfer among electrons, holes and crystal lattice takes into account most of the possible mechanisms. This simulator was used to simulate the DC behavior of a BJT and a half-micron NMOS. The simulation results show that for advanced devices, not only the drift-diffusion model becomes inadequate, but including only one of the two thermal effects results in error in simulated device characteristics     

数字混沌扩频序列的盲估计

混沌序列具有非线性、宽带类噪声、大的码族、任意长的周期且容易产生的特性,因此在扩频通信系统中很有实用价值。本文将文献[1]中对伪随机扩频序列盲估计的方法推广应用到混沌扩频通信中,并对其不足提出了改进方法。在只知道扩频码周期而无其它任何先验知识的条件下,利用特征值分析的方法可以对数字混沌直扩序列进行盲估计,仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

二维地震过障碍观测系统模式及其参数设计

在二维地震勘探中,为了避免因地表障碍物使地震反射剖面出现间断现象,需要改变观测系统设计,跨越障碍物(江河、城镇等),以保证反射同相轴能连续追踪对比。在以往地震勘探中,有时因过障碍观测系统设计不合理,不但增加勘探费用,而且影响采集质量。因此只有科学合理地设计过障碍观测系统模式和参数,才能保证地震测线顺利通过障碍物,得到较好的障碍物下方的地震资料并降低勘探成本。为此本文在调查和研究大量野外实际的过障碍观测系统的基础上,总结归纳成三大类过障碍观测系统模式,并分析其特点和应用范围。采用图解法,推导出主要模式的跨越宽度、最小炮检距及最大炮检距等参数公式。采用这套过障碍观测模式不仅可以得到和障碍区两侧等质量的地震资料,而且可以有效地降低勘探成本。     

添加CaF2-YF3的AlN陶瓷的热导率

用CaF2和YF3做添加剂，在1750℃制备了热导率高于170W/m.K的的AlN陶瓷，并用XRD和SEM研究了AlN陶瓷在烧结过程中的相组成，微结构以及晶格参数的变化，并讨论了其对热导率的影响，研究发现，当使用CaF2-YF3做添加剂时，微结构差异对AlN陶瓷热导率的影响很小，AlN陶瓷的热导率主要由AlN晶格氧缺陷浓度决定，由于CaF2-YF3能有效降低AlN颗粒表面的氧含量，从而有利于获得高的热导率。     

四川优质苧麻的结构和性能研究

本文采用扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射仪以及常规仪器分析的方法测试了四川优质麻－达县红皮小麻和大竹青白麻的形态结构，超分子结构和力学性能，并与棉纤维进行了对比．实验表明，精干麻表面光洁．有裂纹裂缝等结构不匀点，取向度高，结晶度高，断裂强度高，刚性和断裂比功大，而延伸小；纤维粗．在主要指标上，红皮小麻优于青白麻。     

中小企业创业资源的形成机制研究

创业资源是创业的基础,创业过程的规律性和市场配置资源的基础作用影响和决定中小企业创业资源的内在功能和形成方式。对中小企业资源的形成机制进行了分析探讨,并分析了它们之间的内在关系。