Synthesis,characterization, and properties of acrylate‐modified tung‐oil waterborne insulation varnish

An acrylate‐modified tung‐oil waterborne insulation varnish was synthesized from tung oil, maleic anhydride, and acrylates via a Diels–Alder reaction and free‐radical polymerization, and the varnish could be solidified at a relatively low temperature with blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate as a curing agent. The resulting films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The insulation properties (electrical insulation strength, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity) of the varnish films were tested, and the resistances of films to salted water were evaluated. With an increase in the maleic anhydride content, the thermal stability of the film was improved, whereas the electrical insulation strength, volume resistivity, and surface resistivity decreased. The electrical insulation strength of the film after it was immersed in the NaCl solution was lower than that in dry state, and it decreased as the immersed time was prolonged. In particular, the electrical insulation strength loss of the film increased significantly at maleic anhydride contents beyond 25 wt %. Furthermore, the hardness of the film increased with increasing methyl methacrylate/N‐butyl acrylate ratio, whereas the flexibility and adhesion of film decreased to a certain degree at the same time. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41608.     

Characteristics of hemicelluloses obtained from sweet sorghum based on successive extractions

Hemicelluloses were successively extracted from sweet sorghum by hot water, dioxane, DMSO, and different concentrations of NaOH between 0.5% and 6.0%. The yields of the seven fractions together accounted for 88.6% of the original hemicelluloses. The obtained hemicellulosic subfractions were comprehensively investigated by both destructive methods such as alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation and acid hydrolysis and nondestructive techniques such as gel permeation chromatography, Fourier‐transform infrared, ¹³C‐nuclear magnetic resonance, and 2D‐heteronuclear singular quantum correlation. Sugar composition studies showed that the water‐soluble polysaccharides consisted mainly of glucose, while xylose, arabinose, and glucuronic acid were the major sugars in other hemicellulosic fractions. It was found that the hemicelluloses from sweet sorghum were l‐ arabino‐(4‐O‐methyl‐d‐ glucurono)‐xylans. Comparison with the hemicellulosic fractions dissolved by the alkali treatment, the hemicellulosic fraction extracted by DMSO had lower molecular weight. In addition, it was also found that the hemicelluloses prepared by dioxane and DMSO were more branched since that they had higher nonxylose/xylose ratios than those extracted by the alkali treatment, which were more linear and contained higher amounts xylose. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42790.     

高软化点沥青制备水基钻井液处理剂的研究

以高软化点沥青为原料,采用液相磺化反应工艺,考察了磺化分散剂种类、磺化剂用量、磺化剂浓度及原料性质对磺化产物性质的影响。结果发现:随着磺化剂用量的增加,磺化产物的水溶性增加,油溶性降低;随着磺化剂浓度增加,磺化产物的水溶性增加,油溶性降低;随着原料沥青软化点升高,磺化产物的水溶性降低,油溶性增大;四氯化碳对高软化点沥青溶解性好,适合作为高软化点沥青磺化时的分散剂。在优化工艺条件下,制备的高软化点沥青钻井液处理剂能够大幅降低基浆的高温高压滤失量。     

直升机主减机匣轴承座阻尼结构减振分析

针对某直升机主减机匣的振动噪声问题,对主减传动系统模型进行动力学仿真分析,求解了弧齿锥齿轮副高速传动时产生的动态啮合冲击力;以主减机匣为研究对象,基于阻尼减振机理,分析了轴承座添加泡沫铝阻尼材料对机匣振动的影响.求解机匣振动响应,研究轴承座不同厚度的泡沫铝材料对机匣固有频率、模态阻尼比的影响;分析了阻尼层不同安装位置对轴承座阻尼结构减振效果的影响.结果表明,主减速器啮合频率处机匣的振动加速度值减小14.89％;在轴承座处添加阻尼材料可以增大机匣模态阻尼比,有效地抑制机匣的振动.     

中国古代造园目的之分析

从本体论的视角而言,中西方园林是两种性质完全不同的空间.二者服务于不同的目的,乃至于发展出不同的技术方法和表现形式.因此,造园目的是理解园林形式、园林创作的艺术与技术手段以及园林审美的基础,也是通达园林本质的起点.该文基于中国传统园林的发展脉络,辅以适当的文献资料,分析中国传统造园目的的变迁.并以此为线索,揭示中国传统园林的空间本质和园林空间演变的文化逻辑.最后,对中国传统园林的当代价值提出讨论.     

基于TL494 升压型DC-DC 稳压电源的设计

根据开关电源在各种电子产品中的发展趋势,介绍一种12 V转24 V的升压型DC-DC稳压电源。该电源采用TL494作为控制器件,根据其工作原理,合理选择了电源中的开关管、滤波电容、储能电感和续流二极管的参数设计,利用脉冲宽度调制技术进行电路控制,并通过控制开关管的导通时间,保持输出电压的稳定。仿真测试结果表明:该电路输出电压满载时变换效率大于70%,具有较高的安全性和可靠性。     

Microbial fuel cell-based sensor for Enterobacter sp. KBH6958 activity monitoring during hydrogen production: the effects of pH and glucose concentration

Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an electricity-generating device utilising electrochemically active microorganisms as biocatalysts. Using MFC as a biosensor to...     

高纯度溴代三嗪的制备方法研究

本文研究了由苯酚与三聚氯氰反应合成2,4,6-三苯氧基-1,3,5-三嗪,然后溴化合成溴代三嗪的反应条件,得到合成2,4,6-三苯氧基-1,3,5-三嗪合适的工艺条件:用氯苯作溶剂,无水三氯化铝做催化剂,苯酚与三聚氯氰在回流温度下保温反应3h。     

Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of γ‐Amino‐Substituted Propargylic Esters to Pyrrolines and its Application in the Formal Synthesis of (±)‐Aphanorphine

An effective synthesis of structurally diverse pyrroline derivatives has been accomplished by a gold(I)‐catalyzed tandem 1,3‐acyloxy rearrangement/intramolecular azacylization reaction of γ‐amino‐substituted propargylic esters in good to excellent chemical yields (52–98%). The reaction proceeds under extremely mild conditions and has also demonstrated its potential in a concise formal synthesis of (±)‐aphanorphine with a catalyst loading as low as 0.5 mol% to provide the key intermediate 5‐(4‐methoxybenzyl)‐1‐tosyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrrol‐3‐yl pivalate on a gram scale.

     

电力线载波通信中的自适应阻抗匹配系统模型

提出了一种自适应阻抗匹配系统.该系统给出了新的阻抗测量算法,并通过选择补偿电感值和变压器变比的方式使电力线阻抗维持在恒定的值上.实验表明,阻抗测量算法准确性很高,匹配方法可行,从而解决了因电力线载波通信中电力线阻抗实时变化带来的各种问题.