Dimensions of subjective adjustment.

"A representative sample of the resident population of adults in the United States was interviewed about their feelings of distress in different life areas: perceptions of the self; symptoms of distress; adjustment in marriage parenthood, and work." Factor analysis of these data revealed the presence of 5 separate dimensions through which distress may be expressed: anxiety, unhappiness, sense of social inadequacy, lack of identity, and physical ill health. Men and women were distinguished by distress being expressed through physical ill health for men, psychological symptoms for women. The study indicates that psychological adjustment is multi-rather than unidimensional. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The use of isolated vowels as auditory stimuli in eliciting the verbal transformation effect.

Determined the effectiveness of single isolated vowels as auditory stimuli in eliciting perceptual illusory changes in ss, a phenomenon referred to by R. M. Warren (see pa, vol. 36:3gh49w) as the "verbal transformation effect." 3 vowels, /i/, /ae/, and /u/, were individually presented to a group of 24 19-24 yr. Old normal listeners in a single experimental session. Each vowel was repeatedly presented by means of headphones for a period of 5 min. Results indicate that single isolated vowels are capable of eliciting verbal transformations in normal listeners. However, the transformations reported often differed from those obtained in previous studies which used more phonetically complex auditory stimuli. The nature of the verbal transformations, average number of alternate forms perceived and transitions employed, and average number of repetitions of the stimuli prior to the onset of the ss' 1st verbal transformations are discussed. Comparisons with findings of previous investigations are provided. (french summary) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Desaturation of saturated fatty acids by rat liver microsomes

A method was developed for the rapid determination of the initial velocity of the desaturation of saturated fatty acids. In the reaction, DPNH was a more efficient electron donor than TPNH. Fatdeficient rats have a 2.5-fold greater level of acyl desaturase per milligram of liver microsomal protein than did animals fed lab chow. Increasing the chain length of the acyl substrate from 10∶0 to 18∶0 increases the rate of monoene formation, but 19∶0 is desaturated at a rate lower than that for 15∶0. The energy of activation (Ea) for the overall desaturation reaction has been determined for 12∶0 through 19∶0. The Ea values for desaturation of 13∶0 and 16∶0 are markedly lowr than for the other acids. An interaction between the alkyl chain of the substrate and polyunsaturated acids of the microsomal membrane-bound phospholipids is postulated to explain the recurring 3-carbon pattern of the relative reaction rates of the various acyl substrates.     

A factor analysis of the Wesley Rigidity Inventory: Its relationship to age and nonverbal intelligence.

The present research involved an item analysis of the Wesley Rigidity Inventory (1953) to determine its unidimensionality and the effect of age and intelligence. Factor analysis revealed orthogonally-related factors: rigidity in intellectual thinking, liking for established routine which was highly loaded with the factor of age, and a factor of appreciation of methodical behavior and details. From Psyc Abstracts 36:02:2HF91C. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Development and validation of a multidimensional multivariate model for accounting for infractions in a correctional setting.

A Person by Situation by Response Mode by Reinforcer (sanction) model for accounting for infractions of rules by male inmates incarcerated in a federal correctional facility was developed and evaluated. In a series of 4 preliminary studies, a 720 (number of inmates) by 16 (number of institutional subsettings in which infractions occurred) by 63 (number of types of infractions defined by institutional authorities) by 30 (number of existing sanctions contingent on institutional infractions) model was empirically refined into a 3 by 2 by 4 by 2 model. The utility of the model was assessed using questionnaire and ex post facto methodology. Second- and 3rd-order interactions were inconsequential in accounting for behavioral variance. Findings that were replicated across studies (response mode main effect, Person by Sanction interaction) indicate that management policies should be designed such that incarceration in institutions is less conducive to verbal aggression and evasion and that institutional disciplinary procedures should be matched to inmate types. (55 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Book reviews

The Housing and Living Environment for Retired people in Australia. edited by Ross Thorne. Sydney: Hale & Iremonger. 1986. pp348 $A 29.95.

The Modern Urban Landscape. by Edward Relph. London: Croom Helm, 1987 pp279. £10.95.

Housing the Homeless. edited by Jon Erickson and Charles Wilhelm New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. 1986. pp459. $19.95.

Cities: Special Issue: Shelter and Homelessness. Vol 4 No 1, February 1987. London: Butterworth. pp104.     

Ultraviolet Protection Properties of Metal Salts Treated Cotton Fabrics

The aim of this study was to study the influence of metal salt treatment on UV protection property of cotton fabrics. CuCl₂, SbCl₃, TiO₂, Co₃O₄, SnO₂, Ni(NO₃)₂和AgNO₃ were used as metallic salts. Mentioned metallic salts were treated on cotton fabric, and the Ultraviolet Protection Factors (UPF) was examined. The morphology of fibers loaded with different metal salts was assessed by SEM. The treated cotton fabrics were then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the crystallinity and crystals size for all samples were studied. Metal salt loaded fabrics showed better UV protection properties compared to untreated cotton fabrics. The results confirmed that metal salts have potential applications for producing ultra violet protective cotton fabric.