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81.
Sianchang Huang Likarn Wang 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》1996,14(5):661-664
The power penalty induced by imperfect phase recovery in PSK homodyne communication systems with balanced phase-locked loop receivers are exactly evaluated. Optimum phase deviations between the mark-state and the space-state bits are used in this study. This study for the first time shows the imperfect-phase-recovery-induced power penalty as a function of laser linewidth with optimum phase deviations considered. It can be estimated from the theoretical result that an optimal balanced PLL receiver requires the laser linewidth as Δν⩽1.15×10-6× (bit rate) in contrast to the previous reported one Δν⩽5.88×10-6× (bit rate). We also point out here that the previously reported laser linewidth requirement was wrongly estimated 相似文献
82.
83.
Previously, we showed that the N-terminal recognition domain (T1) of Kv1.3 was not required for assembly of functional channels [Tu et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 18904-18911]. Moreover, specific Kv1.3 peptide fragments including regions of the central core are able to inhibit expression of current produced from a channel lacking the T1 domain, Kv1.3(T1-). To elucidate the mechanism whereby Kv1.3 peptide fragments suppress Kv1.3(T1-) current, we have studied the ability of peptide fragments containing the transmembrane segments S1, S1-S2, or S1-S2-S3 to physically associate with the Kv1.3(T1-) polypeptide subunit in vitro in microsomal membranes. Using c-myc (9E10) epitope-labeled peptide fragments and anti-myc antibody as well as antisera to the Kv1.3 C-terminus, we now demonstrate specific association of these peptide fragments with Kv1.3(T1-). Association of peptide fragments with Kv1.3(T1-) was correlated with integration of both proteins into the membrane. Furthermore, the relative strength and kinetics of this association directly correlated with the ability of fragments to suppress Kv1.3(T1-) current. The rate-limiting step in the sequential synthesis, integration, and formation of a complex was the association of integrated polypeptides within the plane of the lipid bilayer. These results strongly suggest that the physical association of transmembrane segments provides the basis for suppression of K+ channel function by K+ channel peptide fragments in vivo. Moreover, the S1-S2-S3 peptide fragment potently suppressed full-length Kv1.3, thus implicating a role for the S1-S2-S3 region of Kv1.3 in the assembly of the Kv1.3 channel. We refer to these putative association sites as IMA (intramembrane association) sites. 相似文献
84.
85.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the value of 3-dimensional sonography in the diagnosis of congenital müllerian duct anomalies, which cause infertility, preterm labor, and first trimester abortion. METHODS: A prospective study was undertaken in which 40 patients with histories of repeated spontaneous abortions or infertility were first examined using conventional 2-dimensional sonography or hysterosalpingography. Three-dimensional transvaginal sonography was then performed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight women had müllerian duct abnormalities, and 12 women had normal uterine anatomy. Müllerian duct defects detected in this study were unicornuate uterus (3), bicornuate uterus (3), complete or partial septate uterus (12), arcuate uterus (9), and didelphic uterus (1). The diagnosis of müllerian duct anomalies in these patients was confirmed by laparoscopic and/or hysteroscopic examinations. Three-dimensional sonography demonstrated all congenital uterine abnormalities with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Separate uterus and bicornuate uterus could be correctly diagnosed using 3-dimensional sonography in 11 (92%) of 12 cases and 3 (100%) of 3 cases, respectively. These 2 abnormalities were commonly confused with each other using hysterosalpingography and conventional sonography. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional sonography with image reconstruction is less expensive and less invasive than hysterosalpingography for the assessment of uterine anatomy and diagnosis of müllerian duct abnormalities. The ability to visualize both the uterine cavity and the myometrium on a 3-dimensional scan facilitates the diagnosis of uterine anomalies and enables the differentiation of septate from bicornuate uteri for preoperative surgical planning. 相似文献
86.
讨论了指数自回归模型的辨识问题,证明了该模型最小二乘估计的目标函数的非凸性,并给出了使该函数为凸的条件,最后给出了辨识该模型的算法及该算法的收敛性,并以数值例子加以说明。 相似文献
87.
关于彩色火焰蜡烛的研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文阐述了利用焰色反应的原理研制彩色火焰蜡烛,着重分析并解决了在研制工作中出现的几个技术关键,如主燃剂的选取、蜡烛成型和强度、发色剂的选择与用量等. 相似文献
88.
阐述了小电炉采用投资少,见较快,简单易行的炉外处理措施,提高了钢质量和生产率,生产实践和应用结果表明,本措施可为同类型企业的炼钢工艺完善和技术进步提供参考。 相似文献
89.
Jifu Huang Ke Wu 《Microwave Theory and Techniques》1996,44(8):1508-1511
A generalized transmission line matrix (TLM) algorithm is developed in the frequency domain to tackle arbitrary both reciprocal and nonreciprocal anisotropic waveguiding problems. In particular, the modeling issue for arbitrary planar structures is stressed in this work. A new three-dimensional (3-D) condensed node is used to consider the effect of both electric and magnetic constitutive tensors. Various results indicate how the modal dispersive behavior can be manipulated by changing not only the anisotropic characteristics of the substrate, but also the strip/slot geometry as well as the magnitude and orientation of the applied static magnetic field. The present algorithm is useful for CAD and simulation of a large class of gyrotropic waveguide-based microwave and millimeter-wave circuits 相似文献
90.
OBJECTIVE: To determine if a relationship exists between the extent of iron-catalyzed injury and the degree of tissue iron overload during reperfusion. METHODS: To selectively increase tissue iron only during early reperfusion, isolated, buffer perfused rabbit hearts were exposed to 20 microM Fe(2+)-100 microM ADP during the last 3 minutes of ischemia and the initial 4 minutes of reperfusion. Control groups were exposed to ADP and iron-ADP regimens that did not increase intracellular iron. All the hearts received 30 minutes of normothermic global ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion. Heart function was monitored continuously throughout each experiment. Tissue iron and biochemical markers were analyzed at the end of experiments. RESULTS: Hemodynamic recovery was decreased and tissue lipid peroxide levels were increased in the 20 microM Fe(2+)-100 microM ADP group compared to controls. The recoveries of developed pressure and positive/negative dP/dT at 30 minutes of reperfusion were negatively correlated with tissue iron levels, while cytosol and membrane lipid peroxide levels correlated positively with the iron levels during reperfusion. CONCLUSION: The extent of oxidative injury during reperfusion was directly related to the tissue iron burden present during reperfusion. Increased lipid peroxidation was the principal chemical marker of iron-catalyzed injury. 相似文献