焊接气瓶用钢板HP295的研制开发

介绍了焊接气瓶用钢HP295技术要求。试验生产工艺路线,冶炼、连俦和轧制生产工艺技术,研究开发产品化学成分、力学性能、冷弯性能、夹杂物含量和金相组织检验结果。用户使用结果表明,HP295钢板完全满足液化石油气焊接钢瓶制造和使用要求。     

Physiological changes, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis L. grown under saline conditions

BACKGROUND: Hydroponic culture was used to investigate the effect of NaCl concentrations on the growth, nutrient uptake, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis L. leaves. The antioxidant capacity of the methanolic extract of S. officinalis was evaluated by using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging test and β‐carotene‐linoleic acid bleaching assay. Physiological and biochemical parameters of S. officinalis were assessed after 4 weeks of salt treatment with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mmol L^?1 NaCl. RESULTS: Plant growth exhibited a reduction of 61% at 100 mmol L^?1 NaCl. Assessment of Na⁺, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ and water contents of shoots and roots showed that S. officinalis is able to regulate Na⁺ concentration by active compartmentation in vacuoles. Salvia officinalis phenolics were increased in response to salinity at the threshold of 75 mmol L^?1 NaCl. This herb was also found to be able to achieve important DPPH^? quenching activity and to inhibit the β‐carotene‐linoleic acid bleaching notably enhanced by salt treatment. It is interesting to highlight the correlation between the phenolic and antioxidant activity, suggesting the involvement of these compounds in this activity. CONCLUSION: Salvia officinalis treated with 75 mmol L^?1 NaCl constitutes a potential source for production of secondary metabolites useful in several applications. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

In Situ analysis of CO2 laser irradiation on controlling progression of erosive lesions on dental enamel

The present study aimed to evaluate in situ the effect of CO₂ laser irradiation to control the progression of enamel erosive lesions. Fifty‐six slabs of bovine incisors enamel (5 × 3 × 2.5 mm³) were divided in four distinct areas: (1) sound (reference area), (2) initial erosion, (3) treatment (irradiated or nonirradiated with CO₂ laser), (4) final erosion (after in situ phase). The initial erosive challenge was performed with 1% citric acid (pH = 2.3), for 5 min, 2×/day, for 2 days. The slabs were divided in two groups according to surface treatment: irradiated with CO₂ laser (λ = 10.6 µm; 0.5 W) and nonirradiate. After a 2‐day lead‐in period, 14 volunteers wore an intraoral palatal appliance containing two slabs (irradiated and nonirradiated), in two intraoral phases of 5 days each. Following a cross‐over design during the first intraoral phase, half of the volunteers immersed the appliance in 100 mL of citric acid for 5 min, 3×/day, while other half of the volunteers used deionized water (control). The volunteers were crossed over in the second phase. Enamel wear was determined by an optical 3D profilometer. Three‐way ANOVA for repeated measures revealed that there was no significant interaction between erosive challenge and CO₂ laser irradiation (P = 0.419). Erosive challenge significantly increased enamel wear (P = 0.001), regardless whether or not CO₂ laser irradiation was performed. There was no difference in enamel wear between specimens CO₂‐laser irradiated and non‐irradiated (P = 0.513). Under intraoral conditions, CO₂ laser irradiation did not control the progression of erosive lesions in enamel caused by citric acid. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:586–593, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Optimization of some parameters of stirred mill for ultra-fine grinding of refractory Au/Ag ores

In this study, optimization of some parameters of stirred mill on ultra-fine grinding of refractory Au/Ag ores was performed. A three-level Box-Behnken design combining a response surface methodology (RSM) with quadratic programming (QP) was employed for modelling and optimization of some operating parameters in ultra-fine grinding. Grinding tests were carried out in a laboratory scale pin-type vertical stirred mill. The relationship between the response, i.e. d₈₀ size, and four grinding parameters, i.e. ball diameter, grinding time, ball charge ratio and stirrer revolution was presented as empirical model equations. Analysis of variance showed a high coefficient of determination value (R² = 0.9698), thus ensuring a satisfactory of the second-order regression model with the experimental data.The model equations were then optimized using the quadratic programming method to minimize for d₈₀ size within the experimental range studied. The optimum conditions were found to be 1.61 mm for ball diameter, 11.50 min for grinding time, 80% for ball charge ratio and 745 rpm for stirrer revolution for this grinding process.In order to verify the improvement of grinding performance using the optimal level of control factors three verification experiments were conducted, and the results for d₈₀ was 3.37 μm, which were smaller than those obtained in the initial tests.     

The adsorption behavior of cesium on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide/itaconic acid) copolymeric hydrogels

In this study, N-isopropylacrylamide/itaconic acid (NIPAAm/IA) hydrogels prepared by irradiating with γ radiation were used in experiments on cesium ion adsorption. The cesium ion adsorption capacity of the hydrogels was investigated as a function of Cs⁺ concentration, pH and temperature. The adsorption behavior of cesium was evaluated by using the radiotracer method. The adsorption isotherm models were applied to the experimental data, and it was seen that Freundlich isotherm explained the adsorption better than Langmuir isotherm. Two simplified kinetic models including pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equation were selected to follow the adsorption processes. The Cs⁺ adsorption could be best described by the pseudo-first-order equation. The thermodynamic parameters including ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° for adsorption processes of Cs⁺ on the hydrogel were also calculated, and the negative ΔH° and ΔG° confirmed that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous.     

Hydrogen evolution stability of platinum modified graphite electrode

A Platinum-modified alloy coating with high hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) durability activity was prepared by electrodeposition. The durability of this catalyst was determined with electrolysis technique for 120 h. The prepared electrode was characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Long-term electrolysis was carried out in 1 M KOH solution by cathodic current–potential curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Experimental result showed that CoZn–Pt coating has a rough structure and presents good stability and high durability. Electrochemical activity increases slightly with increasing electrolysis time. High durability of Pt modified cathode was attributed to the high surface area and synergistic interaction between Co, Zn and Pt.     

磺化蓖麻油应用于无煮茧自动缫丝工艺的研究

在无煮茧自动缫丝工艺的基础上,采用不同茧质的原料进行实缫试验,探讨了磺化蓖麻油助剂对缫丝成绩的影响。试验结果表明:磺化蓖麻油助剂可提高无煮茧自动缫丝工艺的解舒率,降低万米吊糙次数、减小最大偏差和均方差、增加台时产量、提高清洁和洁净,使生丝的综合等级平均提高了0.64 A。磺化蓖麻油无煮茧自动缫丝工艺继承了无煮茧自动缫丝工艺的全部优点,并克服了无煮茧工艺对解舒成绩较差的原料茧不宜使用的不足,利用磺化蓖麻油助剂来改善无煮茧自动缫丝工艺的缫丝性能具有很大的可行性。     

Changes in Chemical and Microbial Qualities of Dried Apricots Containing Sulphur Dioxide at Different Levels During Storage

Effects of different sulphur dioxide (SO₂) concentrations (188, 452, 791, 1,034, 1,236, 2,899 and 3,864 mg SO₂ kg^?1) and storage temperatures (5, 10, 20 and 30 °C) on the physical, chemical and microbial qualities of sulphited-dried apricots (SDAs) were evaluated. Analysis of kinetic data suggested first-order models for losses of moisture and SO₂ and formation of brown colour. Strong correlations were found between SO₂ concentrations and moisture loss constants (r?=??0.943), and brown colour values (r?=?0.949). β-carotene contents in SDA samples ranged from 26.6 to 36.2 mg 100 g^?1 dry weight, depending on SO₂ content of dried apricots. The SO₂ concentration over 791 mg per kg of dried apricots effectively protected carotenoids in dried apricots during drying. While storage times had significant effect on β-carotene contents, storage temperatures did not have such effects. The number of total mesophilic aerobic bacteria in all SDA samples ranged from 8.20?×?10¹ to 1.84?×?10² CFU g^?1. The number of total psychrophilic aerobic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast and mould, xerophilic mould, Staphylococcus spp. and total Enterobacteriaceae were below the detection limits (<4 CFU g^?1) in samples containing SO₂ even at the lowest level (188 mg SO₂ kg^–1) throughout the storage. Regardless of SO₂ concentration in dried apricots, low storage temperatures (below 20 °C) should be preferred to prevent the characteristic golden yellow colours of dried apricots.     

可溶性丝蛋白的制备及性能研究

采用氯化钙溶解废弃蚕丝制备可溶性丝蛋白,考察了透析时间与溶解废丝量对蛋白质质量分数、钙离子含量及表面性能的影响。实验结果表明:透析时间对蛋白质质量分数变化影响较小,钙离子含量在6～18 h有较快的变化,18 h后变化变缓,而钙离子含量随废丝量增加而增加。乳化性在透析时间24 h时最好,几乎达到100%;起泡性随透析时间变化较小,起泡性在200%左右,而泡沫稳定性在12 h最高为87%,随后略有降低;随废丝量的增加其乳化性增加,溶解废丝量15 g时,乳化稳定性最高为89%,起泡性和泡沫稳定性随废丝量增加而增加,起泡性最高达到224%,泡沫稳定性可达到85%。