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排序方式: 共有1731条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
Recently, progress has been made in the Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) and Automatic Switched Optical
Networks (ASON) standardizations. These technologies realize construction of large-scaled optical networks, interconnections
among single-domain Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks, and direct communication over multi-domain WDM networks.
Meanwhile, it is known that the topology of the Internet exhibits the power-law attribute. Since the topology of the Internet,
which is constructed by interconnecting ASs, exhibits the power-law, there is a possibility that large-scale WDM networks,
which are constructed by interconnecting WDM networks, will also exhibit the power-law attribute. One of the structural properties
of a topology that adheres to the power-law is that most nodes have just a few links, although some have a tremendous number
of them. Another property is that the average distance between nodes is smaller than in a mesh-like network. A natural question
is how such a structural property performs in WDM networks. In this paper, we first investigate the property of the power-law
attribute of physical topologies for WDM networks. We compare the performance of WDM networks with mesh-like and power-law
topologies, and show that links connected to high-degree nodes are bottlenecks in power-law topologies. To relax this, we
introduce a concept of virtual fiber, which consists of two or more fibers, and propose its configuration method to utilize
wavelength resources more effectively. We compare performances of power-law networks with and without our method by computer
simulations. The results show that our method reduces the blocking probabilities by more than one order of magnitude. 相似文献
32.
Crack extension behavior and fracture toughness of ductile cast iron were examined by three-point bend tests, where various
detection methods of crack initiation under static and dynamic loading conditions were adopted. Loading on the specimens was
interrupted at various displacement points, and the final fracture surfaces of the specimen were observed via scanning electron
microscopy (SEM). Crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) obtained under the dynamic loading condition was smaller than that
under the static loading condition in ferritic ductile cast iron, and CTOD additionally decreased with increasing pearlite
content in the matrix. The relationship between J (ΔC) obtained by the compliance changing rate method and J(R) established
by the intersection of the crack extension resistance curve and the theoretical blunting line varied with pearlite content.
The average value of .J(ΔC) and J(R), that is J (mid), was proposed to define the fracture toughness of ductile cast iron;
J (mid) was considered to be a reasonable measure for the fracture toughness of ductile cast iron, irrespective of loading
condition and the pearlite content in the matrix. 相似文献
33.
F Suzuki S Miyamoto M Takita M Oshita Y Watanabe A Kakizuka S Narumiya T Taniguchi I Muramatsu 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,1323(1):6-11
We attempt to determine the utility of CERAD in detecting early Alzheimer's disease (AD). CERAD battery was administered to a group of 14 control subjects, 12 patients with possible dementia prodromes and to patients with Alzheimer's disease stratified according to severity (16 mild, 8 moderate). Other measures as some subtest of the Wechsler memory scale and the Rey Complex Figure Test were also applied. Delayed recall as well as logical memory of Wechsler memory scale were found to be the best discriminators for detecting very mild cases of AD (Prodromes) (p < 0.05). None of the memory test proved of value in staging the disorder. Visuospatial functions are better determinants of the progression of the illness. Fluency also distinguish between control subjects and very mild cases. These findings suggest that delayed recall memory and probably executive function are the most useful and sensitive indicators of Alzheimer's disease. 相似文献
34.
D Miyamoto N Endo N Oku Y Arima T Suzuki Y Suzuki 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,21(12):1258-1262
The cytotoxic effects of beta-thujaplicin and five kinds of metal chelates were examined on mouse melanoma B16BL6 cells by cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Beta-thujaplicin-zinc chelate and beta-thujaplicin-copper chelate had higher cytotoxic effects than beta-thujaplicin, and the 50% effective doses (ED50) of these metal chelates were 12.5 and 25 microM, respectively. In addition, the zinc chelate induced DNA ladder formation in B16BL6 cells, as shown by the DNA fragmentation assay, suggesting that cell death induced by the zinc chelate is apoptosis. The zinc chelate also had a cytotoxic effect and induced DNA fragmentation on other tumor cell lines: HeLa, Meth A, and B16F1 cells, but not on normal human diploid fibroblasts FS-4. These results suggest that beta-thujaplicin-zinc chelate induces apoptotic cell death in various tumor cell lines and is a potent antitumor agent for tumor cells including malignant melanomas. 相似文献
35.
36.
Natsuhiko Kuratomi Shinichi Takano Mitsuharu Fukasawa Shinya Maekawa Makoto Kadokura Hiroko Shindo Ei Takahashi Sumio Hirose Yoshimitsu Fukasawa Satoshi Kawakami Hiroshi Hayakawa Hitomi Takada Natsuko Nakakuki Ryoh Kato Tatsuya Yamaguchi Yasuhiro Nakayama Hiromichi Kawaida Hiroshi Kono Taisuke Inoue Tetsuo Kondo Daisuke Ichikawa Nobuyuki Enomoto 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
New biomarkers are needed to further stratify the risk of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are expected to be stable biomarkers, they can vary owing to a lack of definite internal controls. To identify universal biomarkers for invasive IPMN, we performed miRNA sequencing using tumor-normal paired samples. A total of 19 resected tissues and 13 pancreatic juice samples from 32 IPMN patients were analyzed for miRNA expression by next-generation sequencing with a two-step normalization of miRNA sequence data. The miRNAs involved in IPMN associated with invasive carcinoma were identified from this tissue analysis and further verified with the pancreatic juice samples. From the tumor-normal paired tissue analysis of the expression levels of 2792 miRNAs, 20 upregulated and 17 downregulated miRNAs were identified. In IPMN associated with invasive carcinoma (INV), miR-10a-5p and miR-221-3p were upregulated and miR-148a-3p was downregulated when compared with noninvasive IPMN. When these findings were further validated with pancreatic juice samples, miR-10a-5p was found to be elevated in INV (p = 0.002). Therefore, three differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in tissues with INV, and the expression of miR-10a-5p was also elevated in pancreatic juice samples with INV. MiR-10a-5p is a promising additional biomarker for invasive IPMN. 相似文献
37.
Tomoyuki Koga Shinya Kingetsu Nobuyuki Higashi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
Self-assembly of artificial peptides has been widely studied for constructing nanostructured materials, with numerous potential applications in the nanobiotechnology field. Herein, we report the synthesis and hierarchical self-assembly of collagen-mimetic peptides (CMPs) bearing various aromatic groups at the N-termini, including 2-naphthyl, 1-naphtyl, anthracenyl, and pyrenyl groups, into nanofibers. The CMPs (R-(GPO)n: n > 4) formed a triple helix structure in water at 4 °C, as confirmed via CD analyses, and their conformations were more stable with increasing hydrophobicity of the terminal aromatic group and peptide chain length. The resulting pre-organized triple helical CMPs showed diverse self-assembly into highly ordered nanofibers, reflecting their slight differences in hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance and configuration of aromatic templates. TEM analysis demonstrated that 2Np-CMPn (n = 6 and 7) and Py-CMP6 provided well-developed natural collagen-like nanofibers and An-CMPn (n = 5–7) self-assembled into rod-like micelle fibers. On the other hand, 2Np-CMP5 and 1Np-CMP6 were unable to form nanofibers under the same conditions. Furthermore, the Py-CMP6 nanofiber was found to encapsulate a guest hydrophobic molecule, Nile red, and exhibited unique emission behavior based on the specific nanostructure. In addition to the ability of CMPs to bind small molecules, their controlled self-assembly enables their versatile utilization in drug delivery and wavelength-conversion nanomaterials. 相似文献
38.
39.
Slow growth and high seedling mortality limit direct seeding establishment of guayule (Parthenium argentatum G.). This study was conducted to assess seedling growth enhancement by the addition of different rates and forms of N fertilizers and Ca salts. Experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with cultivar 593 under both surface and subirrigated conditions using water low in salts (salinity of 0.8 dSm–1, SAR of 5.0 and 10 mg Ca L–1). Under surface-irrigated conditions, seedling height and fresh plant weight increased with N application to the irrigation water to 70 mg L–1. The best seedling growth was observed when (NH4)2SO4 was added in combination with CaCl2 or CaSO4. Progressively less growth was observed by addition of (NH4)2SO4 alone, CO(NH2)2 plus CaSO4, CO(NH2)2 alone and Ca(NO3)2. When seedlings were subirrigated, however, the best growth was observed with Ca(NO3)2. Intermediate growth was obtained with (NH4)2SO4 plus CaSO4 and lowest growth rates with (NH4)2SO4 alone. These differential responses may be explained by the differences in leaching and volatile characteristics of the N forms. Growth enhancement from N and Ca additions increased with time with significant increases 45 days after seeding. Nitrogen application with Ca may be effective amendment in promoting subsequent growth of direct seeded guayule. 相似文献
40.
Masakazu Anpo Shinya Higashimoto Masaya Matsuoka Nurbosyn Zhanpeisov Yasushi Shioya Stanislaw Dzwigaj Michel Che 《Catalysis Today》2003,78(1-4):211-217
V-silicalite catalysts (VS-1 and VS-2) prepared by hydrothermal synthesis have been studied by ESR, XAFS (XANES and EXAFS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The in situ characterization of these V-silicalites shows that vanadium is present within the zeolitic framework as a highly dispersed tetrahedrally coordinated V-oxides, VO4 unit, having a short V=O bond length. Photoluminescence spectroscopy in static and dynamic mode, as well as XAFS studies allow to detect in the V-silicalites different V species than that present in V-HMS or V/SiO2, in terms of V=O bond length, vibrational energy,
bond angle and lifetime of the excited triplet state. It is suggested that the combined contribution of the neighboring Si---OH group attached to the VO4 unit and the zeolitic rigid framework structure of V-silicalites cause a more significant and pronounced effect on the chemical properties of the VO4 unit than the flexible structure of V-HMS or V/SiO2. Moreover, the dynamic quenching of the phosphorescence by the addition of reactant molecules such as NO or propane indicates that the V species in the excited triplet state can be expected to be the active sites for the photocatalytic reactions. 相似文献