柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设战略研究

盐湖产业事关我国粮食安全,也是新能源和新材料产业的重要支撑。柴达木盆地是中国盐湖产业的核心,建设其产业生态文明重要而迫切。为推进柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设,做强中国盐湖产业,本文从柴达木盐湖产业生态文明建设的现状出发,辨识产业生态文明建设面临的严峻挑战,提出了盐湖产业生态文明建设的四大战略。     

Catheter‐related fungal endocarditis caused by Candida parapsilosis in a hemodialysis patient

Fungal endocarditis (FE) is commonly regarded as a rare but fatal disease. The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in hemodialysis (HD) patients is thought to be obviously higher than that in the general population. Moreover, IE occurs more likely in HD patients with catheters. With the increase of HD population and extensive use of catheters in HD patients, FE, as a special form of IE, may increase and bring new challenges to clinicians. We reported a case of FE associated with catheter infection in a 44‐year‐old woman on HD. The risk factors and treatment strategies of FE in HD patients were discussed.     

Construction of Asymmetrical Hexameric Biomimetic Motors with Continuous Single‐Directional Motion by Sequential Coordination

The significance of bionanomotors in nanotechnology is analogous to mechanical motors in daily life. Here the principle and approach for designing and constructing biomimetic nanomotors with continuous single‐directional motion are reported. This bionanomotor is composed of a dodecameric protein channel, a six‐pRNA ring, and an ATPase hexamer. Based on recent elucidations of the one‐way revolving mechanisms of the phi29 double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) motor, various RNA and protein elements are designed and tested by single‐molecule imaging and biochemical assays, with which the motor with active components has been constructed. The motor motion direction is controlled by three operation elements: (1) Asymmetrical ATPase with ATP‐interacting domains for alternative DNA binding/pushing regulated by an arginine finger in a sequential action manner. The arginine finger bridges two adjacent ATPase subunits into a non‐covalent dimer, resulting in an asymmetrical hexameric complex containing one dimer and four monomers. (2) The dsDNA translocation channel as a one‐way valve. (3) The hexameric pRNA ring geared with left‐/right‐handed loops. Assessments of these constructs reveal that one inactive subunit of pRNA/ATPase is sufficient to completely block motor function (defined as K = 1), implying that these components work sequentially based on the principle of binomial distribution and Yang Hui's triangle.     

Anionic Regulated NiFe (Oxy)Sulfide Electrocatalysts for Water Oxidation

The construction of active sites with intrinsic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance to overcome the limited efficiency of abundant sustainable energy devices such as fuel cells, rechargeable metal–air batteries, and in water splitting. Anionic regulation of electrocatalysts by modulating the electronic structure of active sites significantly promotes OER performance. To prove the concept, NiFeS electrocatalysts are fabricated with gradual variation of atomic ratio of S:O. With the rise of S content, the overpotential for water oxidation exhibits a volcano plot under anionic regulation. The optimized NiFeS‐2 electrocatalyst under anionic regulation possesses the lowest OER overpotential of 286 mV at 10 mA cm^?2 and the fastest kinetics being 56.3 mV dec^?1 to date. The anionic regulation methodology not only serves as an effective strategy to construct superb OER electrocatalysts, but also enlightens a new point of view for the in‐depth understanding of electrocatalysis at the electronic and atomic level.     

复合材料汽车轮毂的成型工艺及性能研究

研究了不同冲击方向下复合材料的冲击力学性能,设计不同纤维布料裁剪方式并分析原材料的使用率,设计易于铺层操作以及产品脱模的三片式模具,优化热压罐成型工艺,并进行了车轮冲击测试。结果表明,冲击测试时的冲击方向对复合材料的冲击性能有较大影响,相较于垂直于铺层方向的冲击性能,冲击方向平行于铺层方向的复合材料冲击性能更高,产品铺层中应根据冲击工况进行优化铺层设计;采用合适的裁剪结构设计提高了操作便利性,并且使材料利用率达到83.8%,大大节约了材料成本;采用优化热压罐成型工艺制备的复合材料轮毂在冲击静载荷为600 kg的13°冲击测试中未出现断裂情况,满足汽车车轮冲击测试的装车要求。     

层次生物特征驱动的产品情感化设计方法

目的对产品情感化设计的实现途径进行研究。方法将工程设计领域的多生物效应方法引入到艺术设计领域,基于功能相似性确定多生物效应,抽取生物原型的不同特征指导产品情感化设计。结果形成基于多生物效应的产品情感化设计过程模型,从生物角度指导设计人员进行产品情感化设计。结论经实例验证,系统化、分层次地应用生物知识可以辅助产品情感化设计,有利于设计出实用性与艺术性统一的产品、提高设计方案的质量和产出效率。     

Facile synthesis of perfect ZnSn(OH)<Subscript>6</Subscript> octahedral microcrystallines with controlled size and high sensing performance towards ethanol

Uniform and monodisperse ZnSn(OH)₆ perfect octahedrons have been synthesized by a facile coprecipitation reaction process. The particle size of the as-prepared ZnSn(OH)₆ octahedral structure can be readily controlled by adjusting the reaction temperature (T), and the side length of ZnSn(OH)₆ octahedrons was tailored from 3 μm (40°C) to 4 μm (60°C) and 5 μm (80°C). The ethanol sensing properties of ZnSn(OH)₆ octahedrons were carefully investigated. The gas sensing experimental data show that the sensor based on ZnSn(OH)₆ (40°C) has good selectivity, fast response/recovery time and the highest response (R_a/R_g = 23.8) to 200 ppm ethanol at relatively low optimum operating temperature (200°C) compared to sensors based on ZnSn(OH)₆ (60°C) and ZnSn(OH)₆ (80°C), which might result from different specific surface areas. The study demonstrated that perfect octahedral ZnSn(OH)₆ with controlled crystalline size and desirable sensing performance can be synthesized by a simple fabrication procedure, and the octahedral ZnSn(OH)₆ could be a highly promising material for high-performance sensors.