MoO2/Mo2C Heteronanotubes Function as High‐Performance Li‐Ion Battery Electrode

Instead of carbon, Mo₂C is used to modify the MoO₂ material for the first time. The presence of highly conductive and electrochemical inactive Mo₂C decreases the resistance of the charge transport and enhances the structural stability of MoO₂ nanoparticles upon lithiation and delithiation, ensuring the superior cycling stability and high rate capability of the heteronanotubes. Cycled at 200 and 1000 mA g^?1 for 140 cycles, the discharge capacities of the MoO₂/Mo₂C heteronanotubes remain to be 790 and 510 mAh g^?1, respectively. This work demonstrates the potential of the novel heteronanotubes for application as an electrode material for high‐performance Li‐ion batteries.     

Regulating Water Adhesion on Superhydrophobic TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

Bioinspired surfaces with special wettability have attracted a significant attention in recent years because of their potential applications for no loss liquid transfer, anti‐icing, and self‐cleaning. Herein, the realization of two extreme superhydrophobic states on 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H–perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane‐modified TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs) is described by changing the structural characteristics of nanotubes while keeping the surface chemical composition constant. The water adhesive force is regulated in a wide range from ≈4.4 to ≈89.6 μN by the nanotubular diameter, length, density, and surface roughness. The cooperation effect between the negative pressures induced by the volume change of sealed air‐pockets and the van der Waals' attraction at solid–liquid interface contributes to the water adhesion. The superhydrophobic TiO₂ NTAs with a high adhesive force is used as a “mechanical hand” to transfer water microdroplets without any loss, and the one with extremely low adhesive force is utilized as a self‐cleaning and anti‐icing surface.     

氮化硅基陶瓷材料抗穿甲破坏实验研究

陶瓷复合材料是轻型装甲战斗车辆的装甲材料之一 ,介绍了氮化硅陶瓷材料靶板的制备工艺和方法 ,以及使用其进行穿甲试验的全过程 ,试验和计算结果表明 ,氮化硅陶瓷靶以其良好的抗穿甲破坏能力成为了一种很有发展前途的装甲防护材料     

用厚透镜实现分数阶付里叶变换

本文给出了厚透镜实现分数阶付里变换的光学结构；定量分析了阊最透镜和双厚秀镜结构中分数付里叶变换和透镜参数之间的关系。计算表明用厚透镜可以实现分类阶付时变换。     

酯化法制备 1,6 - 己二酸二甲酯

以DNW-I强酸型正离子交换树脂为催化剂,己二酸和甲醇为原料,经间歇酯化和连续酯化反应后,通过精馏可制备选择性为100%的1,6-己二酸二甲酯。结果表明,当DNW-I型催化剂用量(质量分数,下同)为3.75%时,己二酸间歇酯化转化率大于69.50%。其连续酯化转化率及总转化率分别大于99.30%,99.70%。最佳间歇酯化反应条件为:催化剂用量3.75%,甲醇/己二酸(摩尔比)2.5∶1.0,反应温度70~90℃,反应时间4 h;最佳连续酯化反应条件为:液体空速0.52~0.56 h-1,甲醇进料量110~130 g/h。     

A new technique for boosting efficiency of silicon solar cells

A new type of photovoltaic system with higher generation power density has been studied in detail. The feature of the system is a V-shaped module (VSM) with two tilted monocrystalline solar cells. Compared to solar cells in a flat orientation, the VSM enhances external quantum efficiency and leads to an increase of 31% in power conversion efficiency. Due to the VSM technique, short-circuit current density was raised from 24.94 to 33.7 mA/cm², but both fill factor and open-circuit voltage were approximately unchanged. For the VSM similar results (about 30% increase) were obtained for solar cells fabricated by using mono-crystalline silicon wafers with only conventional background impurities.     

基于多级维纳滤波的机载共形阵雷达杂波抑制方法研究

目前,多级维纳滤波器是一种收敛速度最快的降秩空时自适应处理算法,但它只适合于处理平稳随机信号,不能直接用于抑制非均匀的机载共形阵雷达杂波。该文在分析共形阵雷达杂波特性的基础上,提出采用俯仰向空域滤波改善杂波的非均匀性,改进了传统的协方差矩阵加权算法,最后形成了一种基于俯仰向空域滤波的协方差矩阵加权多级维纳滤波算法,用于抑制共形阵雷达杂波。仿真结果表明,该文方法抑制共形阵雷达杂波的综合性能优于现有其他方法,且计算复杂度低,收敛速度快,便于工程实现,在共形阵雷达杂波抑制中具有实际应用前景。     

量子级联红外探测器

半导体基中远红外探测器在成像、传感、国家安全以及国防领域具有广泛的应用背景.目前,在这个领域最主流的技术之一是量子阱红外探测器( QWIPs).传统的量子阱红外探测器往往存在较大的暗电流和较低的工作温度等限制.量子级联探测器( QCDs)是一种新型的光伏型量子阱红外探测器.其工作原理基于电子吸收光子后在量子阱的子带间跃...     

我国科普的新发展和需要深化研究的重要课题

比较系统地概括和梳理了我国近年来科技传播与普及（科普）的最新发展情况,分析并总结了我国科普工作在科普理念、科普政策、科普实践、公民科学素质建设、科普理论、学科建设等方面取得的新成就,并对我国未来科普工作和科普研究的发展趋势进行了预测,提出了需要深化研究的重要课题。文章认为,我国近些年来在科普研究和实践领域都取得了一系列重要的突破,科普工作已经迈入一个全新的发展阶段,科普研究也获得了一系列重要的成果并将更好地发展。     

云计算数据中心服务器数量动态配置策略

云计算数据中心由通过高速网络连接的大量服务器构成,一种有效的节能措施是维持与系统负载成比例的活跃服务器数量同时切换剩余服务器到空闲模式,由此分别产生操作能耗和切换能耗。该文研究如何动态配置活跃服务器数量以最小化数据中心能耗(操作与切换能耗之和)的问题。首先,建立了问题的NP数学模型,并分析了无切换能耗情况下最优解的特性;其次,通过消除整数动态规划的递推过程,推导具有多项式复杂度的最优静态算法;最后,采用对未来负载的最坏预测结果作为约束制定了优化在线策略。仿真结果表明,所提出的静态最优和动态优化策略能够适应外界负载的剧烈变化趋势始终谨慎调整活跃服务器和休眠服务器的比例,以接近最优的能耗代价维持数据中心的平稳运行。