Towards understanding the mechanism of action of the multidrug resistance-linked half-ABC transporter ABCG2: a molecular modeling study

The ATP-binding cassette protein ABCG2 is a member of a broad family of ABC transporters with potential clinical importance as a mediator of multidrug resistance. We carried out a homology and knowledge-based, and mutationally improved molecular modeling study to establish a much needed structural framework for the protein, which could serve as guidance for further genetic, biochemical, and structural analyses. Based on homology with known structures of both full-length and nucleotide-binding domains (NBD) of ABC transporters and structural knowledge of integral membrane proteins, an initial model of ABCG2 was established. Subsequent refinement to conform to the lipophilic index distributions in the transmembrane domain (TMD) and to the results of site-directed mutagenesis experiments led to an improved model. The complete ABCG2 model consists of two identical subunits facing each other in a closed conformation. The dimeric interface in the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) involves a characteristic nucleotide sandwich and the interface in the TMD consists of the TM helices 1–3 of one subunit and the helices 5 and 6 of the other. The interface between the NBD and the TMD is bridged by the conserved structural motif between TM2 and TM3, the intracellular domain 1 (ICD1), and the terminal β-strand (S6) of the central β-sheet in the NBD. The apparent flexibility of the ICD1 may play a role in transmitting conformational changes from the NBD to the TMD or from the TMD to the NBD.     

Switching in polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate thin films: effect of preparation conditions of the polymers

Switching without any break in the electrodes was observed in polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate films by controlling the current using a high resistance connected in series with the sample. The effect of the method of polymerization on the switching characteristics were studies for both polymers. Polymers were prepared by -ray irradiation or by catalytic or noncatalytic thermal polymerization. The switching characteristics gave poor reproducibility for the catalytically polymerized polystyrene, but no difference was observed for the three types of polymethyl methacrylate from different origins. In the case of polystyrene, the lower the molecule weight, the higher was the threshold voltage. With polymethyl methacrylate such a dependence was not observed. In both polymers the on-state is relatively stable. When the samples in the on-state were heated above 100° C, they were converted to the offstate. No dots or breaks on the sample were detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after switching has occurred.     

Polyphenols and fatty acids responsible for anti-cyanobacterial allelopathic effects of submerged macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum

Myriophyllum spicatum is known to inhibit the growth of cyanobacteria such as Microcystis aeruginosa by releasing anti-cyanobacterial allelochemicals. The allelochemicals possibly responsible for the inhibition include five polyphenols and three fatty acids, but the extent to which these are indeed responsible for the anti-cyanobacterial effects is unclear. The goal of this research was to determine the contribution of these compounds to the allelopathic effect of M. spicatum on M. aeruginosa. We first collected information on the release rates of these compounds and then added the compounds to a cyanobacterial medium on the basis of their release rates so as to simulate their excretion by M. spicatum. Addition of the polyphenols and fatty acids inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa, and the interaction of the polyphenols and fatty acids was additive. The EC50 of a polyphenol and fatty acid mixture was compared with that of M. spicatum itself as previously determined in a mixed culture system in which M. spicatum and M. aeruginosa were incubated. The former was about 1.9 times higher than that of the latter, the implication being that the inhibitory effect of the polyphenols and fatty acids contributed about 53% of the allelopathic effect of M. spicatum. This paper is the first to describe allelochemicals that account for a half of the anti-cyanobacterial allelopathic effect of a macrophyte.     

稀疏图像内容情况下显微镜自动聚焦算法

自动聚焦是全自动显微成像中的关键技术.为了解决在极低内容密度(稀疏内容)情况下传统聚焦方法无法成功找到焦平面的问题提出一种基于图像内容重要度加权的聚焦函数增强算法.该算法利用聚焦过程中当前图像和参考图像中对应像素沿光轴方向的梯度变化规律对像素进行分类,并根据不同像素对图像清晰程度判决的贡献大小自适应调整当前像素的重要度因子,通过这种方式增强了图像内容像素的计算权重并有效抑制了镜头杂质及背景噪声,极大地增强了聚焦曲线的陡峭度在此基础上,采用图像分块的方式来克服显微镜Z轴机械系统误差对算法性能的影响并降低算法复杂度.实验结果表明,在图像内容非常稀疏的情况下,该算法的聚焦成功率高达90％,而传统聚焦算法的成功率仅为24％.     

Servlet过滤器在用户认证中的应用

针对Web应用组件开发中出现的配置复杂和登录认证编码冗长等问题，分析了Servlet过滤器的特点和功能，论述了Servlet过滤器的工作过程以及组成Servlet过滤链的部署与实现方式．提出了用Servlet过滤链简化数据库登录认证配置的方案．     

Study on high performance ice slurry formed by cooling emulsion in ice storage (discussion on adaptability of emulsion to thermal storage material)

This study focuses on an emulsion as a new thermal storage material for ice storage. Two types of emulsions were formed using an oil–water mixture with a small amount of additive. A silicone, light and lump oils were used. The water contents of the emulsions were 70, 80 and 90%. The additive was an amino group modified silicone oil. No depression of freezing point was observed for the emulsions because of their hydrophobic properties. In order to determine the structure of the emulsions, their electrical resistances were measured. Moreover, components of the liquids separating from the emulsions were analyzed. The results indicated that one emulsion was a W/O type emulsion, while the other was an O/W type. Finally, adaptability of the two emulsions to ice storage was discussed, it was concluded that a high performance ice slurry could be formed by the W/O type emulsion.     

API油管用J55钢级冷拔无缝钢管研制

介绍了API油管用J55钢级冷拔无缝钢管的产品供货技术要求、试制工艺及质量控制、最终试制结果,对工艺及质量控制过程中φ76二穿机组的技术创新及优化设计进行了较详细的论述.     

熔铸-扩散法制备黄铜/钨铜功能梯度材料的研究

对用熔铸-扩散法制备的黄铜，钨铜功能梯度材料进行了研究，对界面区域的元素成分分布和微观组织结构进行了分析，对界面区域的电导率、结合强度及抗脉冲大电流损伤性能进行了测试。结果表明：用该法制备的黄铜，钨铜功能梯度材料，界面区域由成分和组织渐变的三层结构组成；电导率在界面区域呈渐变分布趋势，没有出现电导率突变现象；这种结构缓解了因热性能不匹配而造成的热应力，提高了黄铜与钨铜合金的结合强度；界面的抗脉冲大电流损伤性能良好。