TiB2/Ti-Al复合材料中棒状TiB2晶体的微观特征

用XDTM法制备了TiB2/Ti-Al复合材料并利用XRD、SEM和TEM对复合材料的相组成和微观组织进行了研究.结果表明:复合材料中棒状TiB2的{1010}面存在与[0001]晶向垂直的薄片状凸耳,其厚度一般小于0.2μm,伸出表面高度可达4μm,并且这些凸耳的晶面取向与棒状TiB2本身是相同的;棒状TiB2一般以垂直交叉的十字或数个十字构成的辐射状形式分布于α2/γ层片基体中;在较快的凝固过程中,棒状TiB2固-液界面前沿产生的富Al、Ti边界层和随着棒状TiB2晶体的长大,导致固-液界面上B原子过饱和度不均匀性增加,共同作用使固-液界面失稳,从而形成了棒状TiB2的形貌特征.     

机床主轴渗碳淬火工艺改进

机床主轴是机床中的关键零件，渗碳淬火后的技术要求为主轴径向跳动≤0．05mm、马氏体及残留奥氏体≤3级、碳化物≤3级、表面硬度≥65HRC、有效硬化层深度≥1．5mm。其原材料为SCM21钢，相当于国内12Cr3MoA钢，化学成分（质量分数，％）为0．09C、0．32Si、0．45Mn、2．8Cr、0．50Mo。原工艺如图1所示，生产设备是Ipsen密封箱式多用炉。按照图1工艺处理后出现了以下问题：①轴表面硬度为61HRC，低于技术要求；②表层碳化物呈断续网状析出；③马氏体及残留奥氏体级别高。     

Vision-based detection of MAG weld pool

Weld pool contains significant information about the welding process. The weld pool images of MAG welding are detected by LaserStrobe system. An algorithm for extracting weld pool edge is proposed according to the characteristics of MAG weld pool images. The maximum weld pool length and width are calculated. The measurement data can be used to verify the results of welding process simulation and to provide a good foundation for automatic control of MAG welding process.     

面状缺陷超声B扫描检测图像增强研究

针对面状焊接缺陷超声B扫描检测图像受噪声污染造成的质量下降问题,利用多尺度小波分析方法,对超声B扫描图像进行了增强处理.分析了缺陷信号和噪声的小波变换特性,分别在软、硬阈值函数条件下,采用固定阈值、Stein无偏似然估计阈值、混合型阈值、极大极小准则阈值等方法进行了信号增强处理,比较了不同阈值方法小波变换的处理效果.结果表明:小波变换方法能有效地提高超声B扫描图像质量,硬阈值条件下固定阈值小波变换方法的图像增强处理效果较好.     

多晶硅的真空感应熔炼及定向凝固研究

以工业硅为原料进行了多晶硅的真空感应熔炼及定向凝固研究，用自行设计的真空定向凝固设备制备了多晶硅铸锭。金相显微镜观察显示铸锭的显微组织为粗大的柱状晶，经电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪分析，其纯度由99．50％提高到99．86％，各种杂质含量都有所减少。     

多功能移动式防腐保温生产线技术研究

论述了可移动防腐保温生产线的特点及实际应用情况，对预制企业由工厂化生产转向现场预制具有一定的指导意义。     

Synthesis of tertiary amines and their inhibitive performance on carbon steel corrosion

Some tertiary amines in the series of 1,3-di-amino-propan-2-ol, referred as 1,3-di-morpholin-4-yl-propan-2-ol (DMP) and 1,3-bis-diethylamino-propan-2-ol (DEAP), had been synthesized by alkylation reaction. These compounds were checked by MS, IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The electrochemical performance of these products was investigated through potentiodynamic polarization measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) under thin electrolyte layer with thickness of 100 μm, and their inhibition efficiencies were measured using gravimetric method. These compounds, retarding the anodic dissolution of iron by the protective layer bonding on the metal surface, were anodic inhibitors under thin electrolyte layer. Polarization data indicated that the inhibitive performance of DMP for carbon steel was improved with the increasing of concentration, whereas DEAP showed a maximum inhibiting power at 2.5 × 10⁻² M. The values of the charge transfer resistance, obtained from impedance plots of carbon steel, showed that DEAP was a promising inhibitor. The gravimetric results showed that the inhibition efficiency of DEAP at 2.5 × 10⁻² M was 95%. The adsorption on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir isotherm model. The Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film.     

灰度形态学在焊缝图像处理中的应用

寻求一种快速、有效的焊缝图像处理方法，是基于视觉传感的焊缝跟踪系统的关键技术之一。在分析灰度形态学膨胀、腐蚀、开和闭四种基本运算对图像的处理效果的基础上，将灰度形态学引入焊缝图像处理中。研究一种焊缝图像处理新方法，根据视觉传感器获取的焊缝图像的形态特征，选择合适的结构元素，对焊缝图像进行多种形态学运算，提取出焊缝、检测出焊缝边缘和焊缝中心位置，作为焊缝跟踪系统的控制量。试验结果表明，该方法效果良好，完全满足焊缝跟踪系统实时性要求，能有效地提高焊缝跟踪精度。     

生料浆自动配料系统工业试验

文章介绍了生料浆自动配料系统工业试验的详细过程。     

热处理温度对TiO2结构和光学性能的影响

为探索热处理温度对纳米TiO2性能的影响,研究了不同温度下处理的纳米TiO2的光学性能和微观结构,并进行了纳米TiO2光催化性能的实验.实验表明,所用的纳米TiO2溶胶可以在紫外光照射下分解甲基紫;由于粒子纳米化导致晶格畸变,纳米TiO2粒子的结晶峰出现宽化现象;热处理温度决定纳米TiO2的结晶程度和晶体类型,同时还影响粒子的粒径和分散热处理温度越高,粒子颗粒越大,同时团聚增加;粒子纳米化导致量子尺寸效应的出现,纳米TiO2薄膜对紫外线的吸收具有"蓝移"效应;随着热处理温度的升高,"蓝移"效应减弱,TiO2薄膜的紫外吸收边出现了"温升红移"现象.