Uncertain term structure model of interest rate

Term structure models describe the evolution of the yield curve through time, without considering the influence of risk, tax, etc. Recently, uncertain processes were initialized and applied to option pricing and currency model. Under the assumption of short interest rate following uncertain processes, this study investigates the term-structure equation. This equation is first derived for valuing zero-coupon bond. Finally, analytic solutions of the uncertain interest rate equation are given when the process of interest rate is assumed to be the uncertain counterparts of the Ho-Lee model and Vasicek model, respectively.     

A model based transformation paradigm for cross-language collaborations

Online collaboration is a big challenge in the field of international product development in a cross-language environment. It serves two purposes: cross-language translation and design requirement clarification. Though many approaches and tools are developed for each of the purposes, not a solution serves both of them well. Especially, the traditional statistical methods for cross-language translation cannot preserve the whole semantic information, which intend to incur misunderstanding and ineffective collaboration. This results in potential problems in clarifying the design requirements. In this paper, we proposed a method to online collaboration, named Cross-Language Transformation based on Recursive Object Model (CLT-ROM). The proposed method consists of two steps. Firstly, a natural language sentence is transformed into a source ROM diagram. Secondly, a corresponding target ROM diagram is generated by a transformation algorithm. The proposed method is a model-based communication tool which facilitates collaborations. Since the ROM has been proven effective in requirements clarification, some examples are given to illustrate that the CLT-ROM has a good capability of semantic preserving in requirement engineering for product development.     

地震作用下混凝土重力坝破坏过程与破坏形态数值仿真

在考虑混凝土材料细观非均匀性影响的基础上,探讨了在材料参数和地震动等不确定性因素影响下混凝土重力坝的破坏过程和破坏形态。通过对金安桥混凝土重力坝的180个样本的非线性数值模拟统计分析,得到了不同水平地震作用下的大坝损伤破坏情况,并提炼出4种典型的破坏形态。计算结果表明随着地震动的增大,大坝损伤总体上趋于严重,但也存在高地震动水平下轻微损伤的情况。典型的破坏形态除了坝头折断、坝踵开裂以外,还发现了下游面起裂、贯穿至上游的情况,且随着地震峰值加速度的增大而越发明显。这对于全面了解重力坝地震损伤的薄弱环节,优化抗震措施提高大坝抗震能力是十分有意义的。     

FRP片材表面加固混凝土重力坝坝踵抗震性能数值模拟

基于Pushover方法,采用反映混凝土细观非均匀性的混凝土损伤计算模型,以某一即将兴建的混凝土重力坝为例,研究了下游向地震惯性作用下FRP片材表面加固大坝坝踵后坝踵处的起裂、裂缝扩展、FRP应力状态及剥离现象等.结果表明:FRP片材表面加固混凝土重力坝坝踵能有效地延缓坝踵的起裂及裂缝扩展,减小坝踵可能破坏范围;坝踵FRP片材上应力最高,但远小于FRP的抗拉强度,足见FRP片材加固的有效性.     

山城吉首洪涝灾害引发的思考

湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州吉首市境内峰峦重叠,沟壑纵横,属中低山丘陵地貌,地势西北高,东南低,中部平缓,形成洼谷,山地面积大,是洪涝灾害多发地区。近年吉首市不时为洪涝灾害所困扰。     

不同灌溉量对退化草地的生态恢复作用

在希拉穆仁草原进行了为期3年的草地灌溉试验,对测试的试验地在灌溉3年期间及停灌后1年内进行了植被调查和土壤种子库发芽试验,结果表明：一是灌溉可以明显提高草地植被的生产性能且不同灌溉量间并无明显差异。当停止灌溉后,原灌溉样地的植被生产性能均略低于无灌溉对照区,且不同灌溉量间也无明显差异。二是不同灌溉量样地植被物种组成与无灌溉对照区的Bray-curtis相似性系数始终保持在0.8左右,表明灌溉期间群落结构并未发生很大变化。当停止灌溉后,原灌溉样地与无灌溉对照区的Bray-curtis相似性系数下降为充足灌溉区0.61和中度灌溉区0.55,表明灌溉对植物的生存策略有一定的影响且不同灌溉量基本相同。三是土壤中的种子总数量有所增加,但物种的数量有所减少。充足灌溉样地土壤种子库情况略差于无灌溉对照区,中度灌溉样地则略好于无灌溉对照区,表明不同灌溉量对植物的繁殖策略有一定的影响。     

天津市居住小区排水管噪声主观评价调查

通过对三个不同居住小区住户的入户访谈及问卷调查,了解排水管的使用性能及产生的噪声对住户的影响情况,探索合理的排水系统设计方案.要满足现代住宅对卫生间排水管敷设方式的基本要求,卫生间、厨房采用同层排水方式无疑是一种解决问题的好办法.     

水库水中有机物特性对生成消毒副产物的影响

饮用水中消毒副产物( DBPs)对人体健康构成极大威胁,明确水源水中有机物的特性及对DBPs生成的影响,是实现DBPs有效源头控制的关键环节.研究探讨了上海某水库水源水中有机物不同组分与消毒副产物生成潜能之间的关系,为水处理工艺及饮用水安全保障技术研究提供基础性数据.结果表明,水样中亲水性有机物比例占到60％左右;各组分的相对分子质量分布情况以小于1 000的小分子为主;加强消毒前水处理工艺对亲水性和小分子有机物的去除,可以有效控制DBPs的生成.     

大同市“十二五”水利发展前景分析

介绍了大同市水利发展的现状与面临的形势,分析其发展中存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题全面地提出了大同市"十二五"水利发展的建议与对策。     

Traffic-information-utilized low-complexity relay selection for two-way AF relaying networks

This paper investigates a two-way amplify-and-forward multiple relaying network (TWMR-AF) and presents a novel relay selection scheme, which is appropriate for different traffic patterns and has very low implementation complexity, rendering it very attractive for practical systems. Assuming the TWMR-AF over Nakagami-m fading, the approximate expression of the overall outage probability is derived, and the diversity and code gains are then obtained. The analytical results indicate that the proposed policy achieves better outage performance than the traditional max-min relay selection scheme, as validated by the simulation results.