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41.
We used three kinds of alkyl diallyl ammonium salts (methyl, ethyl, and propyl) in combination with dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) as crosslinking agents. The nitrogen content, dry crease recovery angle (DCRA), moisture regain, and wicking height for the DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts were in the order of ? CH3 > ? C2H5 > ? C3H7, but the wet crease recovery angle (WCRA) and tensile strength retention (TSR) were in the opposite order at the same resin concentration. For the same DCRA and TSR, the WCRA values for only DMDHEU were lower than those for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts, and the WCRA values for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts were in the order of ? C3H7 > ? C2H5 > ? CH3. Both the ? OH group of the cellulose and DMDHEU could react with the vinyl or epoxy groups of the alkyl diallyl ammonium salts during the pad–dry–cure process. The surface migration for DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts was in the order of ? CH3 > ? C2H5 > ? C3H7. Fabrics treated with DMDHEU/alkyl diallyl ammonium salts showed good antibacterial properties. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 1662–1669, 2003 相似文献
42.
本文从分析我国大气污染的特征入手,探讨了煤和油页岩资源的合理利用途径,进行了降低燃煤排放SO2的方法比较,评述了煤和油页岩流化床燃烧过程中硫释放和脱除研究的现状,指出有待深入研究的问题有:(1)灰分的自固硫;(2)煤和油页岩含水量对脱硫的影响;(3)挥发分燃烧的火焰能量对颗粒油页岩燃烧排放SO2的影响;(4)煤和油页岩燃烧过程中硫释放的机理和本征动力学;(5)石灰石中惰性杂质对固硫性能的作用。 相似文献
43.
The destruction of hydrocarbon in deep carbonate diagenetic environment is one of problems on the formation of oil and gas. Organic-inorganic reactions in the process of TSR(Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction) are the main reason to make disappearance of the hydrocarbons. The work in this field has often been the subject of much research work in recent years. In this paper, the thermodynamics of CH4-CaSO4 and H2S-Fe2O3 systems is discussed to investigate the possibility of reactions. It is found that these two reactions can proceed spontaneously.Increasing temperature is favorite for CH4-CaSO4 system but disfavorite for H2S-Fe2O3 system. Thermal simulation experiments were carried out using autoclave at high temperature and high pressure. The properties of the products were characterized by microcoulometry, FT-IR and XRD methods. On the basis of the experimental data, a reaction kinetic model is developed and kinetic parameters are determined. 相似文献
44.
For this study, we first prepared a fluorocarbon polymer and its hybrid materials. We found that fluorocarbon copolymers can produce hydrogen bonds with SiO2 to form hybrid materials. We also used thermogravimetric analyzer and tested the thermostabilities of the four products, which were ranked as follows: fluorocarbon copolymer/SiO2 hybrid material > fluorocarbon polymer/SiO2 hybrid material > fluorocarbon copolymer > fluorocarbon polymer. In addition, we found that, due to the inorganic SiO2 used, the number of pores and the specific surface areas of the hybrid materials both increased. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 1140–1145, 2007 相似文献
45.
Yuan‐Hsiang Yu Chien‐Chih Jen Hsiu‐Ying Huang Pei‐Chi Wu Chao‐Cheng Huang Jui‐Ming Yeh 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,91(6):3438-3446
A series of heterocyclically conjugated polymer–clay nanocomposite (PCN) materials that consisted of organic poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and inorganic montmorillonite (MMT) clay platelets were prepared by in situ oxidative polymerization with FeCl3 as an oxidant. The as‐synthesized PCN materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide‐angle powder X‐ray diffraction (WAXRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of the material composition on the anticorrosion, gas barrier, thermal stability, flammability, mechanical strength, and electrical conductivity properties of the P3HT and PCN materials were studied by electrochemical corrosion measurements, gas‐permeability analysis (GPA), thermogrametric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and a four‐point probe technique, respectively. The molecular weights of extracted and bulk P3HT were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with THF as an eluant. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3438–3446, 2004 相似文献
46.
Jen‐Taut Yeh Chin‐Lai Chen K. S. Huang Y. H. Nien J. L. Chen P. Z. Huang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,101(2):885-891
The purpose of this study was to research the compatibility and application of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/chitosan blended polymers. The polymers were synthesized at different weight ratios and tested using techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate the compatibility of the blended materials. Incompatibility occurred when the quantity of chitosan exceeded 75%. The addition of PVP was beneficial for the thermal stability of chitosan, but resulted in inferior strength performance. Furthermore, the blended polymers did not show a color‐enhancement effect, but did show elevated water absorption, chlorine resistance, and colorfastness. In addition, the treated fabrics with a higher chitosan ratio in the blended polymer had antimicrobial properties. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 885–891, 2006 相似文献
47.
Jui‐Ming Yeh Chi‐Lun Chen Yen‐Chen Chen Chin‐Yi Ma Hsi‐Ya Huang Yuan‐Hsiang Yu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,92(1):631-637
A series of polymer–clay nanocomposite (PCN) materials containing polysulfone (PSF) and layered MMT clay were successfully prepared by effectively dispersing inorganic nanolayers of MMT clay in an organic PSF matrix via a solution dispersion technique. The synthesized PCN materials were subsequently investigated with a series of characterization techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide‐angle powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared PCN coatings with low clay loading (1 wt %) on cold‐rolled steel (CRS) were found to be superior in corrosion prevention to those of bulk PSF, based on a series of electrochemical measurements of corrosion potential, polarization resistance, corrosion current and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a 5 wt % aqueous NaCl electrolyte. The effects of material composition on the molecular barrier, mechanical strength and optical clarity of PSF and PCN materials, in the form of membranes, was also studied by molecular permeability analysis (GPA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and UV‐Visible transmission spectra, respectively. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 631–637, 2004 相似文献
48.
Utilization of stearate as compared to various saturated fatty acids for cholesterol and lipid synthesis and β-oxidation was
determined in primary culture of rat hepatocytes. At 0.5 mmol/L in the medium, stearate (18:0) adequately solubilized by albumin
was less inhibitory to cholesterol synthesis from [2-14C] acetate than myristate (14:0) and palmitate (16:0) (68% vs. 91 and 88% inhibition, respectively). The rate of incorporation
into cholesterol from [1-14C] stearate (3.0±0.6 nmol/mg protein/4 h) was 37-, 1.8-, and 7.8-fold of that from myristate, palmitate, and oleate, respectively.
Conversely, the rate of [1-14C] stearate incorporation into total glycerolipids was 88–90% lower than that of labeled palmitate, myristate, and oleate.
The rate of [1-14C] stearate incorporation into triacylglycerol (3.6±0.4 nmol/mg protein/4 h) was 6–8% of that from myristate, palmitate, oleate,
and linoleate. The rate of stearate incorporation into phospholipids was the lowest among tested fatty acids, whereas the
rate of mono- and diacylglycerol synthesis was the highest with stearate treatment. The rate of β-oxidation as measured by
CO2 and acid soluble metabolite production was also the lowest with [1-14C] stearate treatment at 22.7 nmol/mg protein/4 h, which was 35–40% of those from other [1-14C] labeled fatty acids. A greater proportion of stearate than other fatty acids taken up by the hepatocytes remained free
and was not metabolized. Clearly, stearate as compared to shorter-chain saturated fatty acids was less efficiently oxidized
and esterified to triacylglycerol in cultured rat hepatocytes. 相似文献
49.
The effect of recycle on heat (and mass) transfer in concentric circular tubes has been investigated by finite difference methods. Theoretical results show that recycle can enhance the heat transfer rate for large Graetz numbers compared with that in an open tube (without an inner tube inserted and without recycle). Competition between a preheating effect and a residence-time effect can be used to explain the heat transfer behavior. The heat transfer rate can be further augmented, with nearly no increase in total pressure drop, by employing flow pattern B instead of flow pattern A. 相似文献
50.
The moisture absorption behavior of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/ethylene diamine resins incorporating a carboxy‐terminated butadiene–acrylonitrile rubber was investigated and associated with their morphology of phase separation. Although the diffusion coefficient of moisture was increased with the rubber content, its activation energy and free volume for moisture diffusion were barely changed until phase inversion occurred. After phase inversion, the free volume was significantly increased, and the activation energy decreased. In addition, the moisture absorption also reduced the β‐transition temperature of the resins and slightly increased the glass‐transition temperature before phase inversion. However, the reverse was found after phase inversion. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3718–3724, 2002 相似文献