Design and implementation of n-scroll chaotic attractors from a general jerk circuit

This paper proposes a novel nonlinear modulating function approach for generating n-scroll chaotic attractors based on a general jerk circuit. The systematic nonlinear modulating function methodology developed here can arbitrarily design the swings, widths, slopes, breakpoints, equilibrium points, shapes, and even the general phase portraits of the n-scroll chaotic attractors by using the adjustable sawtooth wave, triangular wave, and transconductor wave functions. The dynamic mechanism and chaos generation condition of the general jerk circuit are further investigated by analyzing the system stability. A simple block circuit diagram, including integrator, sawtooth wave and triangular wave generators, buffer, switch linkages, and voltage-current conversion resistors, is designed for the hardware implementations of various 3-12-scroll chaotic attractors via switchings of the switch linkages. This is the first time to experimentally verify a 12-scroll chaotic attractor generated by an analog circuit. In particular, the recursive formulas of system parameters and real physical circuit parameters are rigorously derived for the hardware implementations of the n-scroll chaotic attractors. Moreover, the adjustability of the nonlinear modulating function and the rigorous recursive formulas together provide a theoretical principle for the hardware implementations of various chaotic attractors with a large number of scrolls.     

从钴铬铂靶材废料中回收纯铂

采用氧化酸溶-氯化铵沉淀-离子交换的方法从钴铬铂靶材废料回收铂。物料溶解的最佳条件为:液固比6:1(m L/g)、氧化剂氯酸钠用量35 g、于95℃经4 h可完全溶解100 g物料。溶解液经氯化铵选择性沉淀铂后,主体杂质元素钴和铬被去除。获得的粗铂溶解后经离子交换提纯,微量杂质元素的含量进一步降低。最终煅烧获得的海绵铂纯度大于99.995%,满足钴铬铂靶材的再生产的要求。     

基于电子鼻与电子舌建立牛奶货架期预测模型

以全脂鲜牛奶为研究对象,以产品感官品质得分、电子舌样品间的差别度欧氏距离（Euclidean distance,ED）和电子鼻气味距离为指标,分析产品在4、15、23 ℃和30 ℃的贮藏温度下的变化情况。运用零级反应动力学模型,结合Arrhenius方程,利用感官品质变化临界点计算电子舌差别度ED值随时间和电子鼻气味距离临界值,构建了电子舌以及电子鼻货架期的预测方程,预测全脂鲜牛奶货架期分别为16.2 d和15.7 d,预测误差分别为8.0%和4.7%。结果表明,采用电子鼻、电子舌技术,能够有效监测牛奶保质期加速实验过程中的品质变化,并为牛奶货架期的判定提供新思路。     

Dynamic current-voltage characteristics of III-N HFETs

A comparative study of the dynamic current-voltage (DI-V) characteristics of III-N heterojunction and double heterojunction field-effect transistors (HFETs and DHFETs) reveals that the current and RF power collapse in HFETs arise from modulation of device series resistances under large input signal. A model based on space-charge limited current through the depletion regions formed at the gate edges due to the charge trapping explains the DI-V behavior and other observations related to the RF current collapse in III-N HFETs.     

High-power operation of III-N MOSHFET RF switches

We describe a large-signal performance of novel high-power radio frequency (RF) switches based on III-nitride insulated gate metal-oxide semiconductor heterostructure field-effect transistors (MOSHFETs). The maximum switching powers for a single MOSHFET with only 1-mm gate width exceed 50W at 10GHz, more than an order of magnitude higher than those achievable using GaAs transistors. In the ON state, the highest powers are determined by the device peak drain currents, 1-2A/mm for the state-of-the art III-N MOSHFETs; in the OFF state their maximum powers are limited by the breakdown voltage, normally well above 100V. Our experimental data are in close agreement with large-signal simulations and the proposed simple analytical model. We also show that the insulating gate design allows for broader bandwidth and higher switching powers and better stability as compared to conventional Schottky gate transistors.     

低压低干度自然循环汽水两相流流量振荡特性

实验研究了低压低干度汽水两相混合物在自然循环条件下产生密度波不稳定性时的流量振荡特性。实验在大型热工水力学实验回路ＨＲＴＬ－２００上以水为工质进行，压力为１．０－４．０ＭＰａ，加热功率为２７－１９０ｋＷ，人口欠热度为５－８０℃，加热段出口质量含汽率小于５％，实验参数范围包括２００ＭＷ核供热堆微沸腾工况运行的参数。获得了有关自然循环流量振荡模式、相对振幅、振荡周期等振荡特性参数随系统压力，加热功率和     

A closer look at vitamin E. Can this antioxidant prevent chronic diseases?

Vitamin E, the most effective natural free radical scavenger identified to date, is taking America by storm-and apparently for good reason. Reports of benefits ranging from Improved Immunity to prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease are appearing regularly. In this article, the authors review the scientific literature to help you evaluate whether patients might benefit from supplemental vitamin E.     

用脉冲X射线检测膛内射击现象

本文介绍利用脉冲X射线对膛内射击现象进行测试的方法,给出用脉冲X射线拍摄的膛内燃烧的火药及其流动情况的部分照片。对底火与中心传火管两种不同点火方式对药床运动的影响进行了比较,发现了在火炮发射过程中火药基本停留在药室内燃烧等重要现象,并分析了照片上所获得的火药燃烧时的膛内问题。     

SiO/sub 2//AlGaN/InGaN/GaN MOSDHFETs

The characteristics of a novel nitride based field-effect transistor combining SiO/sub 2/ gate isolation and an AlGaN/InGaN/GaN double heterostructure design (MOSDHFET) are reported. The double heterostructure design with InGaN channel layer significantly improves confinement of the two-dimensional (2-D) electron gas and compensates strain modulation in AlGaN barrier resulting from the gate voltage modulations. These decrease the total trapped charge and hence the current collapse. The combination of the SiO/sub 2/ gate isolation and improved carrier confinement/strain management results in current collapse free MOSDHFET devices with gate leakage currents about four orders of magnitude lower than those of conventional Schottky gate HFETs.     

Theis公式的优选逼近求解及在Pocket PC上的嵌入

对一个满足Theis假设的承压含水层进行抽水试验后,依据Theis模型中s与t之间的比例关系(降深比值法),构造出新的函数W0(u),在此基础上提出采用优选逼近方法求解水文地质参数的原理,并利用C#.net编写了基于WindowsCEforpocketPC2003的应用程序,构成一个可在野外现场试验中移动使用的嵌入式系统。一方面,计算机程序的使用降低了误差,简化了求解过程;另一方面,可利用算法优势和pocketPC的无线移动通信功能为抽水试验现场提供决策支持,有利于及时反馈计算结果,为抽水试验提供有效参考。