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541.
Total antioxidant activity (TAA), total phenolic compounds (TPC), and physicochemical characteristics of ready-to-drink orange juice and nectar from the most consumed brands available in Brazil were evaluated. TPC ranged from 18.7 to 54.2 mg of gallic acid/100 mL, and TAA varied from 57.88 to 349.32 μmol TEAC/100 mL ready-to-drink orange juice and nectar. The ascorbic acid content was the only physicochemical parameter that showed strong variation among packages and brands. Correlation of TPC with TAA showed that the higher the level of TPC the higher the TAA. Correlation of ascorbic acid content with TAA is higher for ready-to-drink orange juice than nectar. The same was found for the correlation of ascorbic acid content with TPC. The results confirm the contribution of the TPC to TAA. 相似文献
542.
Local breeds are rarely subject to modern selection techniques; however, selection programs will be required if local breeds are to remain a viable livelihood option for farmers. Selection in small populations needs to take into account accurate inbreeding control. Optimum contribution selection (OCS) is efficient in controlling inbreeding and maximizes genetic gain. The current paper investigates genetic progress in simulated dairy cattle populations from 500 to 6,000 cows undergoing young bull selection schemes with OCS compared with truncation selection (TS) at an annual inbreeding rate of 0.003. Selection is carried out for a dairy trait with a base heritability of 0.3. A young bull selection scheme was used because of its simplicity in implementation. With TS, annual genetic gain from 0.111 standard deviation units with 500 cows increases rapidly to 0.145 standard deviation units with 4,000 cows. Then, genetic gain increases more slowly up to 6,000 cows. At the same inbreeding rate, OCS produces higher genetic progress than TS. Differences in genetic gain between OCS and TS vary from to 2 to 6.3%. Genetic gain is also improved by increasing the number of years that males can be used as sires of sires. When comparing OCS versus TS at different heritabilities, we observe an advantage of OCS only at high heritability, up to 8% with heritability of 0.9. By increasing the constraint on inbreeding, the difference of genetic gain between the 2 selection methods increases in favor of OCS, and the advantage at the inbreeding rate of 0.001 per generation is 6 times more than at the inbreeding rate of 0.003. Opportunities exist for selection even in dairy cattle populations of a few hundred females. In any case, selection in local breeds will most often require specific investments in infrastructure and manpower, including systems for accurate data recording and selection skills and the presence of artificial insemination and breeders organizations. A cost-benefit analysis is therefore advisable before considering the implementation of selection schemes in local dairy cattle breeds. 相似文献
543.
Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai Kuender D. Yang Kuang-Hsi Chang Frank Cheau-Feng Lin Ruey-Hwang Chou Min-Chih Li Ching-Chang Cheng Chien-Yu Kao Chie-Pein Chen Hung-Ching Lin Yi-Chao Hsu 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(13)
Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (UCMSCs) have potential applications in regenerative medicine. UCMSCs have been demonstrated to repair tissue damage in many inflammatory and degenerative diseases. We have previously shown that UCMSC exosomes reduce nerve injury-induced pain in rats. In this study, we characterized UCMSC exosomes using RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses and investigated their protective effects on cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice. Two independent experiments were designed to investigate the protective effects on cisplatin-induced hearing loss in mice: (i) chronic intraperitoneal cisplatin administration (4 mg/kg) once per day for 5 consecutive days and intraperitoneal UCMSC exosome (1.2 μg/μL) injection at the same time point; and (ii) UCMSC exosome (1.2 μg/μL) injection through a round window niche 3 days after chronic cisplatin administration. Our data suggest that UCMSC exosomes exert protective effects in vivo. The post-traumatic administration of UCMSC exosomes significantly improved hearing loss and rescued the loss of cochlear hair cells in mice receiving chronic cisplatin injection. Neuropathological gene panel analyses further revealed the UCMSC exosomes treatment led to beneficial changes in the expression levels of many genes in the cochlear tissues of cisplatin-injected mice. In conclusion, UCMSC exosomes exerted protective effects in treating ototoxicity-induced hearing loss by promoting tissue remodeling and repair. 相似文献
544.
Elena Azzini Ilaria Peluso Federica Intorre Lorenzo Barnaba Eugenia Venneria Maria Stella Foddai Donatella Ciarapica Francesca Maiani Anna Raguzzini Angela Polito 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(14)
Background: Inflammatory cytokine levels are associated with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and can be influenced by a person’s macronutrient profile. This work aims to evaluate the relationship between the compliance with the age-specific recommended protein intake and the levels of inflammatory markers related to the risk of NCDs. Methods: The study participants included 347 participants (119 men and 228 women), ages 18 to 86 years. Cardio-metabolic risk evaluations, including an assessment of the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome, were performed. Leptin, IL-15, IL-6, and TNF-α levels were measured. Results: The adequacy of the total protein (TP) intake was lower in old people compared to individuals aged <60 years, and only few volunteers consumed the suggested 50% plant protein (PP) for a healthy and sustainable diet. A lower risk of NCDs with a PP consumption above at least 40% was observed only in old individuals. A differential effect on TNF-α and IL-6 was observed for both TP and PP intake by gender and age class, whereas for leptin and IL-15 only significant interactions among sex and the class of age were found. Conclusion: Although our data suggest that consuming more than 40% of PP can reduce the risk of NCDs, the effect of gender differences on cytokine levels should be considered in larger studies. 相似文献
545.
546.
JA Bonner WL McGinnis PJ Stella RF Marschke JA Sloan EG Shaw JA Mailliard ET Creagan RK Ahuja PA Johnson 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,82(6):1037-1048
BACKGROUND: A three-arm Phase III randomized trial was performed to compare response rates, time to local or distant progression, and survival for patients with unresectable (Stage IIIA or IIIB) nonsmall cell lung carcinoma treated with standard fractionated thoracic radiotherapy (SFTRT) versus accelerated hyperfractionated thoracic radiotherapy (AHTRT) with or without combination etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy. METHODS: This trial was initiated in 1992 by the North Central Cancer Treatment Group. Patients with Stage IIIA or IIIB nonsmall cell lung carcinoma were eligible. They were randomly assigned to either SFTRT (6000 centigray [cGy] in 30 fractions) or AHTRT (150 cGy twice daily to a total dose of 6000 cGy, with a 2-week break after the initial 3000 cGy); the AHTRT was given alone or with concomitant cisplatin (30 mg/m2, Days 1-3 and 28-30) and etoposide (100 mg/m2, Days 1-3 and 28-30). RESULTS: A total of 110 patients were entered on study. Eleven patients were declared ineligible or off study on the day of study entry. This analysis was confined to the 99 eligible patients. This article reports mature follow-up, because more than 80% of the patients have died. The median follow-up of living patients was 2.5 years. There were suggestions of improvement in the rates of freedom from local recurrence and survival for patients treated with AHTRT (with or without chemotherapy) as opposed to SFTRT (P = 0.06 and P = 0.10, respectively). The improvement in survival associated with AHTRT (with or without chemotherapy) was statistically significant for the subgroup of patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma after adjustment for other potentially confounding factors (P = 0.02). No differences in freedom from systemic progression or survival were found in a comparison of AHTRT with chemotherapy and AHTRT without chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that treatment of Stage IIIA or IIIB nonsmall cell lung carcinoma with AHTRT with or without chemotherapy may improve freedom from local progression and survival as compared with SFTRT, especially for patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma. The statistical powers to detect the observed differences in median time to local progression and survival were approximately 55% and 35%, respectively. Therefore, further investigation comparing SFTRT with AHTRT is warranted. 相似文献
547.
Chow Stella Y.; Sakai Randall R.; Witcher Jeffery A.; Adler Norman T.; Epstein Alan N. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1992,106(1):172
Female rats drink more 3% NaCl solution than do males, both when they need sodium (need-induced sodium intake or sodium appetite) and when they do not (need-free sodium intake). The sexual dimorphism of sodium intake is a secondary sexual characteristic because after castration at 1 day of age, male rats drank 3% NaCl in adulthood in a manner similar to that of females in both the need-free and need-induced state, and females given long-term neonatal testosterone drank low, malelike volumes of 3% NaCl on a daily need-free basis, but their response to sodium depletion was unchanged. This sexual dimorphism of sodium intake seems to be governed by testosterone that has been converted in the brain to estrogen because treatment of Day 1 castrated females with a nonaromatizable androgen, dihydrotestosterone, did not change either their need-free or their need-induced 3% NaCl intake. Castration in adulthood of male and female rats did not change their sodium consumption… (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
548.
由新一代100~150 mm 中/薄板坯连铸机,再加上一架3 300 mm炉卷中板轧机组成的多条紧凑式中板生产线,已陆续在2000年底至2005年初投入生产运行.达涅利威恩联合公司应用其灵活的薄板坯连铸(fTSC)技术,以及它的热轧技术和板材精整技术,完全可满足美国和中国4个重要的钢材生产商提出的最终产品质量和钢种生产要求.这些设备既能生产热轧板卷,也能生产经过剪切的板材,并达到很高的力学性能,满足严格的几何尺寸公差要求,能够以极具竞争力的生产成本,将最终产品投放到世界钢材市场上. 相似文献
549.
Nicola Antonio di Meo Francesco Lasorsa Monica Rutigliano Davide Loizzo Matteo Ferro Alessandro Stella Cinzia Bizzoca Leonardo Vincenti Savio Domenico Pandolfo Riccardo Autorino Felice Crocetto Emanuele Montanari Marco Spilotros Michele Battaglia Pasquale Ditonno Giuseppe Lucarelli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)
550.
Romy Sabathier Michael Bliss Singer John C. Stella Dar A. Roberts Kelly K. Caylor Kristin L. Jaeger Julian D. Olden 《河流研究与利用》2023,39(2):225-240
Intermittent and ephemeral streams in dryland environments support diverse assemblages of aquatic and terrestrial life. Understanding when and where water flows provide insights into the availability of water, its response to external controlling factors, and potential sensitivity to climate change and a host of human activities. Knowledge regarding the timing of drying/wetting cycles can also be useful to map critical habitats for species and ecosystems that rely on these temporary water sources. However, identifying the locations and monitoring the timing of streamflow and channel sediment moisture remains a challenging endeavor. In this paper, we analyzed daily conductivity from 37 sensors distributed along 10 streams across an arid mountain front in Arizona (United States) to assess spatiotemporal patterns in flow permanence, defined as the timing and extent of water in streams. Conductivity sensors provide information on surface flow and sediment moisture, supporting a stream classification based on seasonal flow dynamics. Our results provide insight into flow responses to seasonal rainfall, highlighting stream reaches very reactive to rainfall versus those demonstrating more stable streamflow. The strength of stream responses to precipitation are explored in the context of surficial geology. In summary, conductivity data can be used to map potential stream habitat for water-dependent species in both space and time, while also providing the basis upon which sensitivity to ongoing climate change can be evaluated. 相似文献