利用ITER基准模型对MCAM4.2进行检验(I)

利用ITER三维基准模型对蒙特卡罗方法粒子输运自动建模软件MCAM4.2进行了检验测试,实现了CAD工程模型的预处理,自动转换生成MCNP计算输入文件,并完成测试要求的中子壁负载和偏滤器中子注量率与核热沉积的计算。ITER模型的成功处理与计算表明MCAM能够正确和有效地处理大型复杂几何模型。     

RiskA事件树模型转换模块的研发

我国的核电行业大多采用国外商用PSA软件作为其概率安全分析工具,其中Risk Spectrum是国内目前应用最广泛的PSA软件。RiskA是FDS团队自主研发的具有完全自主知识产权的大型集成概率安全分析可靠性软件系统。为了保证核电站PSA事件树模型的可靠性,在深入分析Risk Spectrum、RiskA的事件树存储结构基础上,设计并开发了事件树模型识别模块,该模块能够实现Risk Spectrum事件树模型向RiskA事件树模型的自动转换。     

Micro-engineered first wall tungsten armor for high average power laser fusion energy systems

The high average power laser program is developing an inertial fusion energy demonstration power reactor with a solid first wall chamber. The first wall (FW) will be subject to high energy density radiation and high doses of high energy helium implantation. Tungsten has been identified as the candidate material for a FW armor. The fundamental concern is long term thermo-mechanical survivability of the armor against the effects of high temperature pulsed operation and exfoliation due to the retention of implanted helium. Even if a solid tungsten armor coating would survive the high temperature cyclic operation with minimal failure, the high helium implantation and retention would result in unacceptable material loss rates. Micro-engineered materials, such as castellated structures, plasma sprayed nano-porous coatings and refractory foams are suggested as a first wall armor material to address these fundamental concerns. A micro-engineered FW armor would have to be designed with specific geometric features that tolerate high cyclic heating loads and recycle most of the implanted helium without any significant failure. Micro-engineered materials are briefly reviewed. In particular, plasma-sprayed nano-porous tungsten and tungsten foams are assessed for their potential to accommodate inertial fusion specific loads. Tests show that nano-porous plasma spray coatings can be manufactured with high permeability to helium gas, while retaining relatively high thermal conductivities. Tungsten foams where shown to be able to overcome thermo-mechanical loads by cell rotation and deformation. Helium implantation tests have shown, that pulsed implantation and heating releases significant levels of implanted helium. Helium implantation and release from tungsten was modeled using an expanded kinetic rate theory, to include the effects of pulsed implantations and thermal cycles. Although, significant challenges remain micro-engineered materials are shown to constitute potential candidate FW armor materials.     

中国液态锂铅包层材料研究进展

液态锂铅包层是国际上普遍关注和最有发展潜力的聚变堆包层概念设计之一,而包层材料是液态锂铅包层的核心问题之一.目前,液态锂铅包层普遍选用低活化铁素体/马氏体钢(RAFM钢)作为结构材料,液态锂铅作为中子倍增剂及氚增殖剂.另外,部分设计采用了耐高温、电绝缘流道插件作为功能材料,以降低磁流体动力学效应及提高冷却剂出口温度(高于700℃).为适应液态包层的发展需求,中国科学院等离子体物理研究所FDS团队联合国内外相关研究单位,进行了具有中国自主知识产权的中国低活化马氏体钢(CLAM钢)及液态锂铅包层功能材料研发,并开展了锂铅热对流及强迫对流回路的设计、研制及腐蚀实验研究,以研究液态金属锂铅的流动特性及其与结构和功能材料的相容性.同时建立了聚变堆材料数据库平台,为促进中国聚变堆液态包层及材料技术的研究和发展提供数据支持.     

聚变驱动乏燃料焚烧堆氦冷包层中子学设计与分析

采用VisualBUS程序和HENDL数据库,对聚变驱动乏燃料焚烧堆氦冷包层开展了中子学设计与分析工作,设计目标是在满足Keff小于0.95,功率密度小于100 MW·m-3和氚自持的前提下,获得至少1 GWe的能量输出和最大增殖、嬗变能力,且系统能够连续稳定运行.文中通过对包层中的乏燃料成分和是否装载贫铀开展优化分析并给出了优化方案,该方案能够很好地满足设计目标.     

基于CAD技术的特征线中子输运计算程序开发

特征线方法(Method of Characteristics,MOC)能否应用于复杂几何关键在于能否将特征线方法与有效的几何处理方法结合起来。本文在菱形差分特征线理论基础上,基于FDS团队自主研发的核与辐射输运计算自动建模软件MCAM的几何处理引擎,研发了基于CAD技术的特征线中子输运计算程序,并利用相关基准例题对程序进行了数值验证,其结果与参考值吻合良好,表明本文方法和程序的可行性、正确性与可靠性。     

蒙特卡罗粒子输运权窗减方差方法研究及在ITER屏蔽分析中应用

屏蔽问题是聚变中子学研究密切关注的问题,蒙特卡罗粒子输运中的权窗减方差技术是处理屏蔽计算深穿透难题的重要方法。本文对权窗减方差方法开展研究,并在超级蒙特卡罗计算软件SuperMC中实现。先采用混凝土基准例题进行校验,再将该方法应用于国际热核聚变实验堆ITER的屏蔽分析,计算结果和MCNP进行对比,符合偏差要求,通过权窗减方差的应用,计算效率也有明显提升,证明了方法和程序的正确性和有效性。     

多功能聚变裂变混合实验堆FDS-MFX氦冷包层三维中子学初步设计与分析

FDS-MFX(Multi-Functional eXperimental fusion-fission hybrid reactor)是一个基于现实可行技术的多功能聚变裂变混合实验堆概念,分3个阶段相继开展实验研究,分别采用纯氚增殖包层、铀燃料包层和乏燃料包层.本文重点对其中铀燃料包层后期阶段中高浓缩铀模块的摆放方式...     

Results of the Inner Electrode Modification on the ZaP Flow Z-Pinch

The ZaP Flow Z-Pinch is a basic plasma physics experiment that uses sheared flows to stabilize an otherwise unstable configuration. The inner electrode is replaced with a larger version (15 cm diameter presently versus 10 cm previously). The goal of this modification is to increase temperature through increased adiabatic compression and to allow greater flexibility of neutral-gas injection through a greater number of gas-puff valves. Results are presented regarding the effect of neutral-gas injection characteristics and charge voltage on pinch stability. Increasing capacitor bank voltage and mass of gas injected increases stability and proximity to the machine axis. A four-chord HeNe interferometer is used to determine density at z = 0 cm and total temperature using magnetic field information from the z = 0 azimuthal array of magnetic probes. Total temperatures of 100–150 eV and densities of 2–3 × 10²² m⁻³ are calculated; temperatures are consistent with measured electron and ion temperatures.