Improved Tribocorrosion Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy by Anodic Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Ti6Al4V alloy has good corrosion resistance due to the formation of the passive oxide films on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy. However, Ti6Al4V alloy has poor tribocorrosion resistance in the seawater environment. Herein the present work, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) with the electrolyte of glycerol and sodium borate is used to generate PEO coatings on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy to improve its tribocorrosion properties. The microstructure and tribocorrosion properties of PEO coatings are investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tribometer, respectively. The growth kinetics and the tribocorrosion mechanisms of PEO coatings are discussed in detail. It is shown in the results that PEO coatings deposited on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy are composed of rutile and anatase phases. The surface hardness and thickness of PEO coatings are enhanced with the increase of the voltage and time. The wear rate of Ti6Al4V alloy with PEO coatings is significantly reduced in artificial seawater.     

基于静态路由的ISP负载均衡解决方案

传统的ISP负载均衡方法主要有2种,一是使用开启BGP协议的高端防火墙;二是使用专业负载均衡设备.本论文建立了1套新型的基于静态路由的ISP负载均衡解决方案.本文首先通过Whois协议获得ISP的AS号码,在公网BGP路由器数据库中根据这个AS号码查询属于不同ISP的全部BGP路由条目;之后将不同ISP(例如中国电信和中国联通)的路由条目导入园区网边界防火墙,使得用户访问实现负载分担和路由备份.本方案适用于大中型企业和大型居民小区园区网,相比传统的负载均衡方法,本方案能够节省大量设备投资.     

A guided local search procedure for the multi-compartment capacitated arc routing problem

In this paper, we introduce and study the multi-compartment capacitated arc routing problem—an extension of the classical capacitated arc routing problem, but where the required edges have a demand for different products, and multi-compartment vehicles are available to co-distribute these commodities. We present a local search algorithm that exploits well-known moves (2-opt, re-insert, relocate, exchange and cross). We take advantage of speed up tricks such as marking and neighbour lists, and we combine the procedure with the guided local search meta-heuristic in order to reach high quality solutions. We report on results from extensive computational experiments. Our aim is to reveal in what situations co-distribution by partitioned vehicles saves in routing costs as compared with separate distribution with un-partitioned trucks. We explore sensitivities in key problem characteristics including, the number of commodities, the vehicle capacity, the location of the depot and required edges, the density of required edges, and the demand per commodity for the required edges.     

改进的FCM与局部信息相结合的图像分割

传统的EM算法和FCM算法分割精度低,时间消耗大。为解决以上不足,提出了一种基于EM、FCM和KCN三种算法相结合的全新的图像分割算法。该算法有较好的分割精度。考虑到图像会受到噪声的干扰,在改进算法的基础上又引入图像的局部信息。首先利用图像的局部信息重塑图像的灰度直方图,增强了像素的类间散布性和类内紧凑性,然后让改进的算法在重塑图像上执行。实验结果表明,该算法具有很好的分割效果和较强的抗噪性能。     

基于信息素质培养的高校计算机基础教学改革探讨

应用型普通高校计算机基础教学应以学生信息素质培养为目标,为此对计算机基础课程体系构建、教学内容选择、教学模式优化等方面进行了深入分析、探讨和改革实践,实践证明该教学改革有效地提升了学生的信息素质。     

Optimization of Geoscience Laser Altimeter System waveform metrics to support vegetation measurements

The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) has collected over 250 million measurements of vegetation height over forests globally. Accurate vegetation heights can be determined using waveform metrics that include vertical extent and extent of the waveform's trailing and leading edges. All three indices are highly dependent upon the signal strength, background noise and signal-to-noise ratio of the waveform, as the background noise contribution to the waveforms has to be removed before their calculation. Over the last six years, GLAS has collected data during thirteen observation periods using illumination from three different lasers. The power levels of these lasers have changed over time, resulting in variable signal power and noise characteristics. Atmospheric conditions vary continuously, also influencing signal power and noise.To minimize these effects, we optimized a noise coefficient which could be constant or vary according to observation period or noise metric. This parameter is used with the mean and standard deviation of the background noise to determine a noise level threshold that is removed from each waveform. An optimization analysis was used with a global dataset of waveforms that are near-coincident with waveforms from other observation periods; the goal of the optimization was to minimize the difference in vertical extent between spatially overlapping GLAS observations. Optimizations based on absolute difference in height led to situations in which the total extent was minimized as well; further optimizations reduced a normalized difference in height extent. The simplest optimizations were based on a constant value to be applied to all observations; noise coefficients of 2.7, 3.2, 3.4 and 4.0 were determined for datasets consisting of global forests, global vegetation, forest in the legal Amazon basin and boreal forests respectively. Optimizations based on the power level or the signal-to-noise ratio of waveforms best minimized differences in waveform extent, decreasing the percent root mean squared height difference by 25-54% over the constant value approach. Further development of methods to ensure temporal consistency of waveform indices will be necessary to support long-term satellite lidar missions and will result in more accurate and precise estimates of canopy height.     

PLC在组合机床控制中的应用

本文介绍了PLC对组合机床的控制,分析了其工作原理,详细介绍了其硬件配置和软件设计.     

在线自学与考试系统的设计

本文将现有的在线自学与在线考试系统相结合,设计出一个具备教学与测试的完整的学习系统,并实现学习者学习进度记录、进度相互比较及经验交流等功能,使学习者在学习过程中并不孤独。     

高浓度制药废水处理工程实例

针对某制药公司废水主要成分为DMF、三乙胺、四氢呋喃等,新建1座废水处理厂,采用化学氧化—兼氧—好氧—接触氧化处理工艺.该类制药废水含盐量较高,需经稀释后再进行生化处理,经生化处理后二沉池出水可达《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)二级标准.处理工艺恶臭气体采用收集—预处理—低温等离子处理—后处理—高空排放工艺进行处理,处理后可达《恶臭污染物排放标准》(GB 14554-93)二级排放标准.     

Effect of fiber orientation on the structural behavior of FRP wrapped concrete cylinders

In this study, 27 concrete cylinders with a diameter of 152.4 and a height of 304.8 mm were prepared. Among them, 18 cylinders were wrapped using two layers of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) with six fiber orientations; six cylinders were wrapped using four layers of FRP with fibers in axial or hoop direction only; the remaining three cylinders were used as control. The FRP used was E-glass fiber reinforced ultraviolet (UV) curing vinyl ester. Fifteen coupon specimens were prepared to experimentally determine the tensile strength of the FRP with fibers oriented at 0°, 45°, and 90° from the loading direction. Co-axial compression tests were conducted on the wrapped cylinders and control cylinders. The test results were compared with existing confinement models. It is found that the strength, ductility, and failure mode of FRP wrapped concrete cylinders depend on the fiber orientation and wall thickness. Fibers oriented at a certain angle in between the hoop direction and axial direction may result in strength lower than fibers along hoop or axial direction. A larger database is desired in order to refine the existing design-oriented confinement models.