Computer-aided diagnosis of mass-like lesion in breast MRI: Differential analysis of the 3-D morphology between benign and malignant tumors

This study aimed to evaluate the value of using 3-D breast MRI morphologic features to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions. The 3-D morphological features extracted from breast MRI were used to analyze the malignant likelihood of tumor from ninety-five solid breast masses (44 benign and 51 malignant) of 82 patients. Each mass-like lesion was examined with regards to three categories of morphologic features, including texture-based gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) feature, shape, and ellipsoid fitting features. For obtaining a robust combination of features from different categories, the biserial correlation coefficient (|r_pb|) ≧ 0.4 was used as the feature selection criterion. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate performance and Student's t-test to verify the classification accuracy. The combination of the selected 3-D morphological features, including conventional compactness, radius, spiculation, surface ratio, volume covering ratio, number of inside angular regions, sum of number of inside and outside angular regions, showed an accuracy of 88.42% (84/95), sensitivity of 88.24% (45/51), and specificity of 88.64% (39/44), respectively. The A_Z value was 0.8926 for these seven combined morphological features. In conclusion, 3-D MR morphological features specified by GLCM, tumor shape and ellipsoid fitting were useful for differentiating benign and malignant breast masses.     

异构软件体系结构的可靠性模型

现有基于软件体系结构的可靠性模型只适用于符合马尔可夫过程的软件构件转移关系,而当构件间存在由确定性和随机性转移关系组成的异构结构时,仍按照马尔可夫过程对软件体系结构建模,会导致可靠性评估结果不准确。为了解决现有模型不适用于异构结构的问题,在分析构件转移关系基础上,提出了一个新的软件可靠性模型。基于软件UML顺序图,提出将异构软件结构转换为马尔可夫链的算法。通过对一个实例的可靠性评估,验证了新模型能够比现有模型获得更准确的评估结果。     

基于自动测试系统的故障诊断专家系统

为在武器装备自动测试平台上建立故障诊断专家系统，介绍了一种新型的数据库访问技术ADO。作为实例，在自动测试平台上利用ADO技术实现了测试结果的读取，将测试数据作为故障诊断的入口参数，结合SQL语言在规则库中实现了推理机制，最后，用Visual C 语言实现了编程。     

中文分词及词性标注一体化模型研究

本文应用N-最短路径法,构造了一种中文自动分词和词性自动标注一体化处理的模型,在分词阶段召回N个最佳结果作为候选集,最终的结果会在未登录词识别和词性标注之后,从这N个最有潜力的候选结果中选优得到,并基于该模型实现了一个中文自动分词和词性自动标注一体化处理的中文词法分析器。初步的开放测试证明,该分析器的分词准确率和词性标注准确率分别达到98．1％和95．07％。     

基于迁移策略的分布式遗传算法多用户检测器

针对简单遗传算法多用户检测器的收敛速度慢和“早熟”问题,利用解相关算法的抗多址干扰能力和分布式遗传算法的快速全局寻优优势,提出了一种基于迁移策略的分布式遗传算法解相关多用户检测器。计算机仿真结果表明:该多用户检测器的检测性能明显优于简单遗传算法多用户检测器和解相关多用户检测器,更易于实现。     

Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的相互诱导关系

Vague集自提出以来,由于它在各个领域中的广泛应用而引起众多学者的注意,而模糊熵和距离测度是其中的关键技术。目前已有多种Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的计算方法被提出来,但所有这些研究都没有讨论两者之间的联系。论文基于Vague集的模糊熵和距离测度的公理化定义,给出两者之间的相互诱导关系,建立了模糊熵和距离测度之间的联系。     

基于CPU和GPU异构的蛋白质分子半柔性对接算法优化

分子对接是预测蛋白质复合物的有效手段。对于分子对接算法的优化旨在加速分子对接效率,降低计算成本,以及充分发挥计算资源的利用率。本文主要采用3个方案对半柔性对接算法进行优化：（1）方案一在CPU端进行优化;（2）方案二在方案一的基础上,利用CUFFT的移植工具CUFFTW为方案一提供部分GPU并行接口;（3）方案三利用GPU并行架构,通过CPU和GPU的协同处理,利用纯并行计算接口进行优化。3种方案对PDB code分别为1PEE,1B6C,4HX3和2SNI的测试蛋白进行结合态和自由态的对接,求得的最小均方根偏差L_RMSD小于5 Å,满足了复合物结构预测竞赛要求的中等精度结构标准,验证了对接结果的正确性。最后在保证结果正确性的前提下,测试了不同蛋白在不同方案下的运行速率;在保证不同蛋白对接效率相同的前提下,以1PPE为例,比较了不同方案下的对接速率。实验结果表明在同等旋转步长并保证程序运行结果正确性的前提下,最终的优化效果可提速近10倍,有效改进了半柔性对接算法的运行速率。     

The Use of Distinctive Monoclonal Antibodies in FMD VLP- and P1-Based Blocking ELISA for the Seromonitoring of Vaccinated Swine

The serum neutralization (SN) test has been regarded as the “gold standard” for seroconversion following foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccination, although a high-level biosafety laboratory is necessary. ELISA is one alternative, and its format is constantly being improved. For instance, standard polyclonal antisera have been replaced by monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) for catching and detecting antibodies, and inactive viruses have been replaced by virus-like particles (VLPs). To the best of current knowledge, however, no researchers have evaluated the performances of different MAbs as tracers. In previous studies, we successfully identified site 1 and site 2 MAbs Q10E and P11A. In this study, following the established screening platform, the VLPs of putative escape mutants from sites 1 to 5 were expressed and used to demonstrate that S11B is a site 3 MAb. Additionally, the vulnerability of VLPs prompted us to assess another diagnostic antigen: unprocessed polyprotein P1. Therefore, we established and evaluated the performance of blocking ELISA (bELISA) systems based on VLPs and P1, pairing them with Q10E, P11A, S11B, and the non-neutralizing TSG MAb as tracers. The results indicated that the VLP paired with S11B demonstrated the highest correlation with the SN titers (R² = 0.8071, n = 63). Excluding weakly positive serum samples (SN = 16–32, n = 14), the sensitivity and specificity were 95.65% and 96.15% (kappa = 0.92), respectively. Additionally, the P1 pairing with Q10E also demonstrated a high correlation (R² = 0.768). We also discovered that these four antibodies had steric effects on one another to varying degrees, despite recognizing distinct antigenic sites. This finding indicated that MAbs as tracers could not accurately detect specific antibodies, possibly because MAbs are bulky compared to a protomeric unit. However, our results still provide convincing support for the application of two pairs of bELISA systems: VLP:S11B-HRP and P1:Q10E-HRP.     

The Oblique Incident Effects of Electromagnetic Wave in Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Layers

The propagating behaviours, i.e. phase shift, transmissivity, reflectivity and absorp- tivity, of an electromagnetic （EM） wave in a two-dimensional atmospheric pressure plasma layer are described by the numerical solutions of integral-differential Maxwell＇s equations through a generalized finite-difference-time-domain （FDTD） algorithm. These propagating behaviours are found to be strongly affected by five factors： two EM wave characteristics relevant to the oblique incident and three dimensionless factors. The two EM wave factors are the polarization mode （TM mode or TE mode） and its incident angle. The three dimensionless factors are： the ratio of the maximum electron density to the critical density no/nor, the ratio of the plasma layer width to the wave length d/λ, and the ratio of the collision frequency between electrons and neutrals to the incident wave frequency veo/f.     

基于J2ME和J2EE的城市公交查询系统的设计与实现

J2ME和J2EE技术是目前Java两大主要技术,并在应用中取得了成功。本文基于J2ME和J2EE技术实现了一个移动手机版的城市公交查询系统。其中,J2ME技术拥有移动手机客户端的开发,而J2EE技术则用于后台服务器和手机客户端的交互,以及后台服务器信息的发布。本系统实现了三种查询功能：路线查询、站点查询和站站查询。通过本系统将极大地方便手机用户对公交信息的查询。